Verdier of Europe

The verdier of Europe ( Carduelis chloris , Linnaeus, 1758) is small a Oiseau partially Migrateur, very widespread, family of the fringillidés .

Description

The adult, who measures about 15 cm and weighs between 25 and 35 G, is squat with a famous person, a Bec a little thick.

The male is green yellow olivâtre with yellow spots sharp on the wings and its Queue fourchue. It has also yellow spots minus sharp on the head, the belly and the sides.

The female is less green than the male, a little grayer and its spots yellow are less clear than those of the male. The youthful one, is brown to him than the adult, it is striped on the belly and on the back and its wings are duller

( Attention: possible confusion of the young verdier of Europe with a young person crimson Roselin ).

Song and cry

He often sings perched on a Arbre or during his Vol.

Its sound and fast voice is a " gugugu" light, for the adults and a " khip-khip-khip; tuî" for the youthful ones.

At the season of the nests the verdier launches a length " tsouîî" nasal.

During its nuptial flight its songs with repetitions are cries combined with " dchièèh" enough sound.

Behavior

The verdier who is enough erratic form often of small bands with his congeneric. It is rather typical because of its rather undulating flight.

It does not fear the presence of the man.

During the nuptial flight the verdier flickers around the female by describing circles with weak beats of wings while singing without stop.

Longevity

He can live up to thirteen years.

Habitat

The verdier is one of the most widespread sparrows in the entourage of the man. He lives in the gardens, orchards, edges of the forests and parks and also the coniferous forests of .

Distribution

One finds it in all the Europe, in Russia, with the the Middle East, in the western part of the Asia and in Australia.

It was introduced into certain countries of South America, the such Brésil and the Argentine and also in part of Australia and in New Zealand. Accidentally, it was observed in Iceland and in the west of the Canada.

Reproduction

Nesting

Starting from April, the female starts to make its Nid with rootlets and small branches which it solidifies with feathers and hair.

It niche:

in the fruit-bearing trees especially the elder trees;
in conifers like the blue spruces or fir trees;
in thick the hedges of thujas.

The nest is located most of the time enough close to the tree trunk or fork.

Breeding of let us oisillons

The female verdier can carry out two layings (one in April and another in August) from 4 to 6 eggs in the année.
It all alone will brood during approximately two weeks its eggs white-gray being about 20 mm long and strewn with spots brunes.
While it broods its eggs, the male nourishes it with the nid.
After the blossoming let us oisillons them are raised by the two parents who nourish them already peeled seeds and of caterpillars or spiders. Two weeks after the blossoming the young people, still unable to fly, leave the nest but do not move away from there so much. They remain on close branches during a few days and the parents continue to nourish them.

Food

The adult verdier is primarily granivore but he also eats insects. In Hiver he often attends the mangers. He can show himself very aggressive if another congeneric disturbs it when he is nourishing itself.

Protection

The verdier is mainly threatened by the changes of the methods of agriculture these last years (demolition of certain trees in which it with the practice to nest and to nourish themselves). However the verdier was accustomed to the mangers.

External bonds

Sources

J.Felix, Birds of the countries of Europe, Gründ, coll “Nature with opened book”, Paris, 1978. ISBN 978-2700015041
Guy Mountfort and P.A.D Hollom, Guide of the birds of France and Europe, Delachaux and Niestlé, coll “guides of the naturalist”, Paris, 1994. ISBN 978-2603013946

Simple: Greenfinch

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