See also: Union for a popular movement (homonymy), UMP

The Union for a popular movement (UMP) is a Political party French of right, named with its creation Union for the presidential majority, in order to support the candidature of the president Jacques Chirac for her own succession in 2002. He is member of the European Popular party, as well as international democratic Union, association of the parties of center right on a worldwide scale.

Gathering the RPR and liberal Democracy, UMP was joined with its creation per two thirds of the elected officials of the Union for the French democracy (UDF). This party is thus a gathering of forces liberal gaullists, and center-right.

UMP is the first political party of France as well in term of elected officials as of many asserted members (324 317 at the 9/4/07).

History of the party

Creation of UMP (2002)

Exit of Alternative 2002 (movement of support for Jacques Chirac ambitionnant to gather the whole of the forces of right-hand side and the center) UMP is created the April 23rd 2002 following the first turn of the presidential election and for the legislative of the same year, in order to “link the political clouts of right-hand side”. It names initially Union for the presidential majority as a sign of her support for the president. Once the elections passed, this name loses its raison d'être.

An internal debate took place in order to name this new party. Alain Juppe, proposed to name this party " The Bleue" House; , others were in favor (liberals essentially) of a reference to the European Popular party and the Spanish Popular party, often quoted in example, and proposed to name the party " Union populaire".

It was selected to preserve the initials then already well-known of the French, but to change the denomination into " Union for a movement populaire" , at the time of its congress founder the November 17th 2002 with the Le Bourget. At the time of this same congress, Alain Juppe becomes the first president of the movement and Philippe Douste-Blazy its first general secretary. RPR and DLL are dissolved inside UMP. Only two parties founders substistent as such: the Forum of the social republicans (chaired by Christine Boutin) and the Radical party (Jean-Louis Borloo and Andre Rossinot).

The years Juppe (2002-2004)

Established by Jacques Chirac, Alain Juppe becomes the first president of UMP. Refusing to enter to the government, the party allows him to hold a remote fight with its principal rival inside its political family, Nicolas Sarkozy. The years 2003 - 2004 constitute the apogee of the wild combat carried out between chiraquiens and sarkozystes. UMP becomes one of its theaters about it.

In 2004, take place the first elections since 2002, which constitutes a true test for the Gouvernement Raffarin and the party. At the time of the regional , cantonal and European, the results are disastrous, the government policy being severely sanctioned. Moreover, Alain Juppe is caught up with by justice. The July 16th 2004, it returns its resignation, following its judgment in the Affaire of the fictional jobs of the town hall of Paris. In accordance with the statutes, as a vice-president, Jean-Claude Gaudin takes over temporarily the duties the head of the party, while waiting for the election of a new president by the members.

The years Sarkozy (2004-2007)

the race with presidential (2004-2007) the

The November 28th 2004, with the Le Bourget, Nicolas Sarkozy becomes the second president of UMP, being largely elected by the members of the party. The new general secretary is Pierre Méhaignerie.

He making it possible to compete remotely with Jacques Chirac, the new president of UMP has nothing any more but one objective at the head, namely the presidential election of 2007. In spite of the failure of the constitutional referendum of 2005, UMP beats all the records of multitude and adhesion. The movement then undertakes a vast building site of modernization and of reflection interns by the organization of a score of conventions sets of themes between 2005 and 2006, in order to work out the presidential program and legislature of Nicolas Sarkozy and UMP for the expiries of 2007. The party gives up any reference gaullist then.

The January 14th 2007, Nicolas Sarkozy is invested like candidate of UMP to the presidential election of 2007. The May 6th 2007, it is elected president of the Republic. A few days later, he resigns of the presidency of the party. Jean-Claude Gaudin, for the second time, takes over temporarily the duties until the behavior of a new congress the autumn.

after presidential (2007-…)

From this moment, the delicate question of the succession of Nicolas Sarkozy with the head of the movement arises. The battle is launched between Patrick Devedjian, near to the president to the Republic, and Jean-Pierre Raffarin, former very appreciated Prime Minister and developing a consensual image. At the exit of a meeting of the political office, the June 25th 2007, Jean-Claude Gaudin affirms that " we consider that, morally, the president (of UMP) remains Nicolas Sarkozy and, consequently, we think that it is not useful to again elect a triumvirate (president, vice-president and general secretary) like the statutes the exigent" .

Joined together the July 7th 2007, the national council of UMP adopts to 72% the reform of the statutes of the movement instituting a collegial direction until in 2012 which rests on a " pole législatif" - the office of the national council, animated by three vice-presidents Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Jean-Claude Gaudin and Pierre Méhaignerie - and on a " pole exécutif" , the general secretary, directed by Patrick Devedjian assisted Philippe Cockerel and of Dominique Paillé.

History of the leaders of UMP

Presidency of UMP

Presidents

  • Alain Juppe: from November 17th, 2002 to July 16th, 2004 (resignation following a legal judgment)

  • Jean-Claude Gaudin: from July 16th, 2004 to November 28th, 2004 (interim)
  • Nicolas Sarkozy: from November 28th, 2004 to May 14th, 2007 (resignation following its election with the presidency of the Republic)
  • Jean-Claude Gaudin: from May 14th, 2007 to July 7th, 2007 (interim)

Le position of president is removed on July 7th, 2007.

Vice-presidents

General secretary of UMP

General secretaries

deputy General secretaries

Le deputy position of secretary general is created on July 16th, 2004 so that François Baroin can take share with the interim since the resignation of Alain Juppe. The deputy general secretary had same competences as the secretary général.

History of the outstanding internal elections

  • After the resignation of this last at the summer 2004, the November 28th 2004, with the congress of the Le Bourget, Nicolas Sarkozy is elected president of the movement by 85,10%, in front of Nicolas Dupont-Aignan (9,10%) and Christine Boutin (5,82%). The electorate was composed of the members and the participation amounted to 53,29%.

  • With the Porte de Versailles, the January 14th 2007, only in string, Nicolas Sarkozy is invested candidate of UMP for the presidential election of 2007 by the members. The participation is of 69,06%.

  • the July 7th 2007, the national council adopts to 72% the reform of the statutes removing the position of president of the UMP and which institutes a collegial direction until in 2012 which rests on a " pole législatif" and on a " pole exécutif".

Results of UMP at the time of the polls to the national plan

  • legislative Elections presidential and of 2002

April 21st, 2002, the candidate Jacques Chirac of the RPR amalgamated in UMP two days later, arrives at the head at the presidential election with 19,88% of the votes cast in front of Jean-Marie Le Pen. Thus Lionel Jospin (candidate of the PS) is found - against any waiting - eliminated, and the second turn allows Jacques Chirac to be re-elected with 82,06% of the votes cast (in particular thanks to the votes of the left electorate, thus hoping to make stopping with Le Pen). The legislative elections of June 2002 will be one second victory over the left for the new party with 365 seats against 141 for the PS.

  • cantonal Elections and regional of 2004

For its first true electoral test since its crushing victories of 2002, UMP undergoes a heavy defeat with the regional elections and cantonal of March 2004, losing 20 areas out of 22, and a against-performance in directed Overseas, for a long time by a majority from the right: the New Caledonia and the French Polynesia. Nevertheless, in these two territories, the UMP list for the district overseas obtained the relative majority of the voices, preceding double the following list. With final, the two only areas remaining on the right are the Alsace and the Corsica .

  • European Elections of 2004

The second great electoral test of UMP, the European ones of 2004, is hardly brilliant for UMP; indeed this party which must join together the whole of the right-hand side obtains only 17% of the voices whereas the PS does not gain any far from the double with 29%, and that the UDF (constituted of those of its members which refused to join UMP with its creation) reached the 12%.

  • Referendum on TCE of 2005

The referendum of May 2005 marks also a defeat for UMP, but this one exceeds usual cleavage. The victory is allocated mainly to the Gauche antilibérale (joining together PCF, the LCR, the left wing of the PS, the Peasant confederation, the Alternate ones, the left wing of the Greens) and to the extreme right-hand side and/or souverainist (FN, MPF, dissenting UMP) which thus gained in force and in popularity with the detriment of the parties which up to that point had more or less the wheel in motion (UMP, UDF and PS). One attends since simultaneously with the tearing of the PS with the spacing of Laurent Fabius, and a new war of people and program between Dominique de Villepin, become Prime Minister and Nicolas Sarkozy who reinstates the government as Minister of Interior Department and number 2.

This series of defeats and divisions calls into question the will of the leaders to create a party gathering all the right (on the Spanish model), as well as the had aim which was to make UMP impossible to circumvent on the political plan by relegating the left in the opposition for one long period.

  • legislative Elections presidential and of 2007

UMP presents Nicolas Sarkozy to the presidential election. It reaches to the second tower of presidential the April 22nd 2007, with a score of 31,18% (11 448.663 votes), vis-a-vis Ségolène Royal, candidate of the PS (25,87% are 9.500.112 votes). The May 6th 2007 with 20:00, the candidate UMP Nicolas Sarkozy becomes the 6th President of the 5th Republic, with 53,06% of the voices, against 46,94% for its rival Ségolène Royal, candidate carried by the PS. It officially takes up duty the May 16th 2007, during the transfer of power between Jacques Chirac, outgoing president, and him. By preoccupation with an impartiality, Nicolas Sarkozy resigned of the presidency of UMP two days earlier, the May 14th 2007.

The legislative elections consequently take place on the topic to give to the president the means of controlling. As of the first ballot, UMP carries out very important scores, nearly 100 deputies of right-hand side being elected the June 10th 2007 against 1 of left (PS). With the second turn, UMP largely carries it but the " bleue" vagueness; waited place did not have, surely because of the awkward launching of the subject on social VAT. With it only, UMP obtains all the same 313 seats out of 577, that is to say the absolute majority. Since 1978, it is the first time that a majority follows one another itself.

Program and values

For the legislative elections of 2007, the program of UMP is available on Internet.

In its Charter of the values, UMP is given for goal to give to the French policy a “new breath” and to stop “the rise la mistrust with regard to the policy”. Its watchwords: “to listen to the citizens, to act with them and for them”.

The doctrines of UMP declare that it is necessary to leave free course to the “individual destiny of the person” who exceeds the “social determinism”. UMP “ " the systems which choke freedom (economic) while seeking with all to frame”, which can be included/understood as a direct attack towards the policies of left. Work, the merit and the innovation must be encouraged, in order to carry out France towards the resumption of the growth and the fall of unemployment. This “freedom” should not however be included/understood like a selfishness: “Freedom opens the way with generosity”. To make respect this " liberté" , a strict respect of the law is necessary: “The authority of the State and justice must ensure that each one answers of its acts”.

UMP is declared very attached to solidarity: “the State is there so that the social protection is guaranteed to which the French are legitimately attached”, which can be understood like an answer to criticisms of Ultralibéralisme that UMP essuie sometimes. Nevertheless, solidarity must “respect the individual” and “(…) not to transform itself into Assistantship”. It is limited primarily to the fields of the public services, of the equality between the territories, the support of the families and the school of the Republic, which must “allow those that their merits distinguish, to exert the highest responsibilities”.

Lastly, UMP affirms its pride for the French Nation, while defining its horizon in the European construction, synonymous with perspective “peaces” but also with “widening ”. Europe should not be reduced to the only economic cooperation: It must “allow its membres to have more weight” in the context of universalization, while making so that “each country preserves its identity”.

The program of Nicolas Sarkozy listed in 15 points:

  1. Mettre fine at the public impotence

  2. an irreproachable democracy
  3. Vaincre unemployment
  4. Réhabiliter work
  5. Augmenter the purchasing power
  6. Europe must be protected in universalization
  7. Répondre the urgency from sustainable development
  8. Permettre all the French to be owners of their housing
  9. Transmettre the reference marks of the authority, the respect and the merit
  10. a school which guarantees the success of all the pupils
  11. Mettre higher education and research at the world better level them
  12. Sortir the difficult districts the relegation and spiral of violence
  13. Maîtriser immigration
  14. great policies of solidarity, fraternal and responsible
  15. Fiers forto be French

Internal organization

National management

National secretaries

They are named by the Political office on a proposal from the President of the Union. " They are responsible for the activity and the reflection of Union" (article 22 of the statutes) in their respective fields. They must give an account of their work near the Committee of Orientations, the Political office and once per annum at least before the National council.

Managements

; Political office Its goal is to ensure the direction of the Union between the sessions of the national council. The president or a quarter of his members can join together it and define of about a day. The decisions are made in the majority qualified (50% + 1 vote), provided that there is at least half of the attending members.

It is made up:

  • of the president and the deputy vice-president of the Union
  • of the general secretary and his assistants
  • of the National treasurer
  • of 10 deputy representing the movements of the Union
  • of 30 members elected by the national council
  • of the former presidents of the Republic and Prime Ministers for the Union as of the Prime Minister in exercise
  • of the presidents of the Assemblies if they are members of the Union, of the parliamentary groups of the National Assembly, the Senate and the European Parliament as well as the President of the French delegation to the European Popular party (PPE) in the European Parliament
  • of the former presidents of the Union and for one three years duration, of the President-in-Office of constitutive political trainings union with its creation.

; National Commission of the recourse It is made up of nine members elected by the national council. The commission rules as a last resort, it is the equivalent of a Supreme court. It can rule on infringements with the statute and/or the decisions of the various authorities and managements made by one or more members or committees. In addition, " it takes care that the rights of defense are guaranteed in the exercise of the capacity disciplinaire" (article 32).

; Commission of organization and control of electoral operations ; Standing committee of the statutes and the rules of procedure She is elected by the national council on proposal of the Political office and must deliver her opinion on the draft amendments of the statutes or the rules of procedure formulated by these two authorities.

; Commission of the wise ones It includes/understands the former presidents and general secretaries of the Union as well as the presidents of the old parties represented in the Union and 8 people chosen for their seniority by the parliamentary groups. " It examines all the cases where an elected official of the Union is blamed in his honor and his intégrité." (article 35) This commission meets on request of the political office and can at its request or that of the elected official concerned, to hear it.

; Audit Board of financial management ; National Commission of nomination

Militants

UMP asserts: 347000 members in February 2007. At January 5th, 2007: 335000 members were up to date of their contribution 2006, according to the proper figures of UMP. UMP would have recorded more: 200000 adhesions since Nicolas Sarkozy had become the President about it.

Popular Young people

See also: Young people Popular

UMP has an antenna for the young people from 16 to 29 years, the Popular or Young Jeunes Pop' whose president is elected by Great Electors (popular young national advisers, accounting for 10% of the young members). The current president is Fabien of Without Nicolas.

Young Credits

The Young Credits is another antenna of the UMP for which the membership is not related to a specific age bracket, but rather with the fact of carrying on an community activity. They appeared in the current one of the year 2005, their president is François Guéant (wire of the Principal private secretary then Campaign director of Nicolas Sarkozy, Claude Guéant).

Political figures

UMP counts in its rows several political figures which occupied the high positions of the Republic, under the label of UMP or of the parties which preceded it.

Presidents of the Republic

  • Valery Giscard d'Estaing (elected with the party UDF in 1974. He is today member of UMP)

  • Jacques Chirac (elected with the party RPR in 1995 and 2002. He creates UMP with Alain Juppe following his re-election in 2002)
  • Nicolas Sarkozy (elected President of the Republic on May 6th, 2007 whereas he was the president of UMP)

Prime Ministers

Presidents of the Senate

Presidents of the UMP group to the Senate

Presidents of the National Assembly

Presidents of the UMP group to the National Assembly

Presidents of the European Parliament

Presidents of group PPE-DE in the European Parliament

Presidents of the European commission

Personalities close or members to UMP

Internal currents of thought in UMP

The creation of UMP wanted to be to be the large gathering of the political clouts of the right and the center. In order to allow the various families which compose it to be described in her center, the Statut S of UMP envisage the possibility of creating internal currents called “movements”. One of the goals of these movements was to support the emergence of a rich internal debate and to prevent that UMP, following the example RPR of Jacques Chirac, is not transformed into a party before very organized to support the political victory of its leader.

This creation will however never take place. Initially, Alain Juppe was constrained to push back it, Jacques Chirac, inter alia, there seeing a risk to recreate within UMP a “war of the chiefs” such as UDF knew it during more than 30 years between liberal and democratic Christians and the multiple vaults which were born within these two families. Moreover, the currents which took shape at the time almost took again with identical contours old parties, which could have given an argument to those which denounced (in particular within UDF remained independent) the artificial character of the new formation. This carryforward very quickly became final, the fear of the chiraquiens being based quickly on the consequences which could have the creation of a current sarkozyste to majority vocation. At the time of its election to the presidency of UMP, Nicolas Sarkozy undertook to support the emergence of these currents, many militants being estimated somewhat “floués” compared to engagements which had prevailed during the creation of UMP. But in front of the very significant number of rallyings around its name (becoming very largely majority, it did not have any more itself the utility to gather its partisans within a current, which on the contrary would have become exclusive for the others) and the difficulty for certain families, like those of the centrists or the gaullists, to structure itself without showing an unquestionable deliquescence consequently, this project will not be concretized.

Today, the expression of the various internal tendencies to UMP does not exist about it less. It is translated through several Club S, associations, even associated Political parties, which gather elected officials and/or militants. Except for the associated parties (Radical party, FRS and CNI), these various structures however do not have any recognition in internal term of democracy, although UMP subsidizes them for the majority. It is also to note that certain big families as the neo-gaullists (“chiraco-villepinists”) are not based on any formal structure, but do not have of it less one very strong influence thanks to their leaders.

Liberal conservatives

See also: liberal Conservatism

They result from the RPR (Nicolas Sarkozy) or from DLL which claims same values as the “reforming” liberals, but add a more pragmatic precondition to it in practice capacity, the concept of Libéralisme being estimated rejected by the French bus badly-included/understood by those. One also finds in this family some characteristics of the gaullists families, with in particular, an attachment relating to the economic Dirigisme and the political Jacobinisme. This family does not reject either certain traditional values (e.g. attachment with the family, with a strong social structuring of the company). This family tends to become very composite because of the many rallyings with the candidature of Nicolas Sarkozy for the presidential election of 2007. She could be arranged, on a European political chessboard, in the camp of the preserving more than in that of the liberals.

Neo-gaullists

See also: Jacques Chirac

They result from the RPR (Jacques Chirac, Dominique de Villepin, Alain Juppe, Jean-Louis Debré) which are placed in the heritage of the General De Gaulle, but especially retained some the practice pragmatic of the capacity (which can lead them to defend sometimes of the solutions of inspiration Libérale, moderated, social or Dirigiste), more than its ideological corpus. The neo-gaullists thus have a very mobile positioning on the traditional political chessboard (cf topics of countryside of Jacques Chirac to the various presidential elections) while rejecting an approach transpartisane gaullism of which they were the craftsmen of its final anchoring on the right, following Georges Pompidou. In spite of the stations - keys which it controls in the republican institutions, and the support which the other families of inspiration gaullist bring to him, this family appears in strong lose speed within the party since Alain Juppe was constrained to leave the presidency of it. The difficulties which encountered Dominique de Villepin as a Prime Minister with condemned the chances of this family to see indicating one of her members like candidate of UMP to the last presidential election and induced a loss of influence of this current.

Reforming liberals

See also: the Reformers

Resulting from DLL (Herve Novelli), from the RPR (Patrick Devedjian) or from the UDF (Pierre Méhaignerie), they are in particular gathered within the club the Reformers, of the free Line chaired by Rachid Kaci and of the liberal Cercles chaired by Alain Madelin. This family finds in the Libéralisme political and economic a comprehensive solution for the French company. Freedom is thus their fundamental value and must prevail on all the levels which it is about economic development, of the field of intervention of the State or the sociétales questions (individual freedom). They reject egalitarianism, state intervention and encourage the movements of Mondialisation and liberalization of the economy which they consider positive. Their opponents and the media often name them “ultra liberals”. This family is one of most dynamic within UMP and counted many rallyings as well on the level of the members as of the elected officials. She is also the family which knew best to promote her in-house ideas and provides an important support of Nicolas Sarkozy who, however, appears a little less liberal than he was it. One can in particular quote David Martinon, diplomatic adviser of Nicolas Sarkozy.

Moderated of center-right and democratic Christians

They are for the majority resulting from the UDF (Philippe Douste-Blazy, Hervé de Charrette) and are in particular gathered within the clubs Démocrate and Popular and democratic Convention. They are placed in the tradition Orléaniste French line and in that of old MRP, political party pivot of the IVe République. The base of their values is located in Christianity, but the reference to this last very moderate and is posted little. Ideologically they are very European, rather federalistic (at the European level, but also in their “decentralizing” approach very of the organization of the French State) and assert a social liberalism, rather than to oppose one and the other. One can also classify in this family the liberal-giscardienne branch incarnated by Jean-Pierre Raffarin and PPDF. Because of the existence of UDF into external, and very strong dynamism of the liberals, but also of the relative failure of Philippe Douste-Blazy to be made accept like its credible leader, this family appears in prey with a strong demobilization which led good number of its members to join other currents to see even for some in the long term to join the PSLE which will become a party called Nouveau center

Radicals

See also: Radicalism

They are gathered within the Radical party, party associated with the UMP, (André Rossinot, François Loos, Jean-Louis Borloo), which constitutes the most former French political family which was with the base of the IIIe République. Today, the radicals valoisiens, find their originality in a political line more social than the majority of UMP marked by a strong attachment with the République and its fundamental values like the Laïcité. In 2005, the Radical party knew several rallyings of former centrists (Renaud Dutreil) and gaullists (Serge Lepeltier) who seek there seems it a less liberal space of expression and less sarkozyste that within UMP.

Gaullists “legitimists”

Resulting from the RPR (Jean-Louis Debré, Dominique de Villepin, Michele Alliot-Marie (via her movement the Oak), Jean-François Cope, unwavering supports of Jacques Chirac, rejecting the Liberalism like comprehensive solution, they are the heirs to the tradition Bonapartist. They claim at the same time practice of the capacity of the General De Gaulle (executive power extremely, interventionist and pragmatism transpartisan) and of her own ideological corpus, related to the famous formula " a certain idea of France".

Souverainists and nationalists

See also: Souverainisme, Nationalism

They result from the RPR, RPF of Charles Pasqua or from MPF, in particular gathered within Debout the Republic (Nicolas Dupont-Aignan), movement associated with UMP, but also with the RPF, whose several members presented themselves to the elections under the UMP label. They are claimed for a very great majority of the heritage gaullist of which they retain primarily the nationalist standpoint and euro skeptics. This family is often regarded close relation of external movements classified with the right-hand side of UMP, as the MPF of Philippe de Villiers, and constitutes the family which expresses more the her attachment to take into account the aspirations of the voters of the Extrême right-hand side (FN, MNR), while affirming indéfectiblement to want to remain in the family of the republican Droite. This family counts few members, but its positioning with its margin gives him an influence larger than its actual weight within the party in than it holds a speech likely to attract the votes of voters souverainists and nationalist non-member of UMP. Following the designation of Nicolas Sarkozy like candidate of UMP to the presidential election, Nicolas Dupont-Aignan left the party to maintain his, without managing to gather the 500 signatures of necessary elected officials to his officialization.

Social Gaullists

See also: Movement Solidarity Participation

Exit of the RPR (Bernard Reygrobellet, Yves Guéna, Alain Terrenoire, Jean Peyrelevade, Alain Marleix) very minority, this family gathers within the Club New century the gaullists in particular resulting from UJP (Union of the young people for progress) and from MSP (Movement solidarity participation) which is not recognized initially in the values of right-hand side, but rather in that from the Social-démocratie. Historically resulting from the democratic Union of the work which supported the return to the capacity of the general De Gaulle while rejecting the Marxist theses and Leninist estimated to be at the base of the Socialisme French and of its political allies (PCF, the Greens, etc).

Sociétaux liberals

See also: Libertarianisme

Minority, but effective tendency in its internal lobbying, resulting from DLL, the RPR and the UDF, they claim liberalism of which they adopt especially the approach sociétale which recommends to leave with each individual freedom carry out his life as it wishes it for little that not harm the company as a whole. Thus, one finds in this family Jean-Luc Roméro, elected RPR, then UMP, national secretary of the Radical party, president of the political party Aujourd'hui, Otherwise (independent of UMP), president of association Town councilors against the AIDS and affirms since a Outing (not desired revelation of the homosexuality of a person by another - to differentiate from the coming out which implies a voluntary action) his homosexuality. This family is also composed of Gay Lib (Stephan Dassé, president, Emmanuel Blanc, president-delegate, Emmanuelle Revolon, vice-president), organization born within DLL which constitutes today the club of the UMP being addressed to homosexual and which intends to defend the rights within the company of them.

Social Christians

See also: Christian social

They result from the UDF (Christine Boutin) and gathered within the Forum of the social republicans, political party associated with UMP. Close relations of the democratic Christians historically, they constitute of it a more radical tendency in its attachment with the values Catholiques, and which very clearly rejects the Libéralisme from a sociétal point of view and economic. They are characterized in particular by very social standpoint (e.g. returned universal) in a step of “compassion” with the categories of populations which they consider neglected or rejected by the company (e.g. held, without shelters…). The FRS is very minority within UMP.

Independent

See also: CNIP

They are gathered within the National center of Independent and Country (CNIP) the, very minority family in spite of an important historical role under the IVe République, which gathers the independent ones which did not support Valery Giscard d'Estaing at the end of the Années 1960 when this one created the Républicains Independent (in favor of a support for the General De Gaulle), future Republican party within UDF, become DLL in 1998. CNIP knew political positionings very on the right, then positioned in combined republican line at the end of the Années 1980 after having tried to become a “footbridge” between the right parties traditional (RPR, UDF) and the National front. Today, CNIP wants to be to constitute the right wing of UMP while recalling its attachment to the Republic and its values as the " testifies some; Charter of CNIP " adopted at the time of the national council of November 18th, 2000. He asserts 4500 members. Jean Michel Jardy, his vice president, candidate with presidential of 2007, then gave his support for Nicolas Sarkozy. Several members of Parliament always claim him: Philippe Dominati, Christian Vanneste, Edouard Leveau and Jerome River.

“Blue” ecologists

See also: écologisme

They result mainly from Génération ecology and the UDF and are gathered within blue Écologie.

Blue ecology, governed the origin by Patrice Hernu, constitutes one of the five components founders of UMP. This structure was marginalized by creation of the Council of sustainable development of UMP, under the aegis of Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet to which Patrice Hernu was opposed. This very minority political family, but with the considerable influence, defends before a whole Sustainable development of the company and the values of the movement ecologist. They strongly reject positioning on the left Verts and claim readily nonideological écologisme, realistic, very directed towards the priorities of the climate, energy and the biodiversity.

This current rejects the principle of autonomy of the movements ecologists and considers that the great parties must from now on be the first to carry this requirement. Their bringing together with Corinne Lepage, also old of Ecology Generation, old minister of environment for the government of Alain Juppe and lawyer specialized in the questions of environment, forever which been able to succeed.

Écologie Bleue was mainly transmuted into a network, sympathizer of UMP, but external, " Blue France " what chairs Patrice Hernu.

Outside UMP also, Blue Generation ecology them, after having tied a partnership with DLL in 2000, started a step of association in the UMP into 2002 which could not be concretized formally. It took its distances following the regional elections and cantonal of 2004 in the hope throw the candidature of Gamerre France for the presidential election. Since, Génération ecology is denied any bond with UMP, and the organization the Blue ones, to which it always refers nevertheless, seems without real activity. Currently, Génération ecology is chaired by France Gamerre, in addition associated Jean-Claude Gaudin, mayor of Marseilles and president-delegate of UMP. Several frameworks of this party are also elected local officials at the sides of UMP mayors like Philippe Dufetelle, near Philippe Douste-Blazy or Monique Baccelli, both vice-presidents of GE.

Social democrats

See also: Social democracy

They result for the majority from the Socialist party (Eric Besson, Patrick Rajoelina). This current emerged at the time of the presidential campaign of 2007 and seems to have to structure itself in margin of the party rather than in its center. It in particular constituted thanks to the club the Diagonal, which gathers personalities and militants of left supporting Nicolas Sarkozy. The creation of a " Pole of gauche" at the side of UMP was announced by Francois Fillon between the two turns of the presidential election of 2007.

----

  • site of UMP: towards the associated sites

Associated and satellite structures

Associated parties

The associated parties are it according to the statutes of UMP. While adhering to these autonomous parties, one adheres at the same time to UMP and thus takes part automatically in the democratic life interns Union.

Other associated movements

French from abroad

Two political movements of the French from abroad are claimed of UMP:

UMP delegation abroad:

  • UMP Germany

Associated local associations

Independent movements close or combined in UMP

Foundations close to UMP

International structures whose UMP is member

Parliamentary groups

  • UMP Group with the National Assembly

  • UMP Group with the Sénat
  • Groupe RDSE with the Senate (radical senators which also counts those of PRG, non-member of UMP)
  • Groupe PPE-DE with the the European Parliament

Advertizing practices

In 2005, UMP has by twice recourse to advertizing methods on Internet hitherto uncommon in policy.

In September 2005, many French Net surfers receive an email inviting them to join Nicolas Sarkozy around the program of UMP for the presidential election of 2007 and to make a donation in UMP. The action wants to be justified legally by an inscription with the advertizing program Maximiles.

The November 7th 2005, Libération announces that UMP bought the keywords Google (AdWords) “suburbs, chiraq, chirrak, chirak, extreme car, rebellion, 2007, etc” to make the publicity of their Web site on Google .fr. the November 11th 2005, ZDNet France discovers other key words like “violence, riots, burned automobiles, rabble”. In the same way while typing “socialist” or “Jack Lang”, of the Google pubs returned towards the site of UMP. Jack Lang had indicated that the methods used were comparable with that of “hooligans”

UMP has etc, a specialized company in the audio-visual one which films Nicolas Sarkozy to resell the reports with the French chains.

Random links:Hydrostachyaceae | Amaranth (plant) | Constantin Ion Parhon | Vanga of Van Damm | Lucien den Arend

© 2007-2008 speedlook.com; article text available under the terms of GFDL, from fr.wikipedia.org