Tutsi

General presentation

According to the analysis of the first colonists made at the Rwanda and the Burundi, German then Belgian, the populations of Rwanda and Burundi were divided into three ethnic groups “”: Hutu, the Tutsi and the Twa. This analysis does not rest on the criteria which characterize normally Ethnie S: all Rwandan and Burundian ones speak the same language (with light alternatives in each country: Kinyarwanda and Kirundi), share the same culture. Moreover they live mixed, accept in many families the marriages between groups and have the same beliefs, ancestral or resulting from colonization. Lastly, before colonization, it was possible to pass from a group to the other.

The Tutsi set up the second group with the Rwanda as with the Burundi, approximately 15 to 20% of the population. They are stockbreeders of cows. It is in fact a traditional socio-professional component of the company, to which political structures were attached.

It would seem that Tutsis were in the beginning nilotic people and the Hutus people bantou. But as it was specified previously, the distinction could not have been any more made for at least 200 years and differentiation is before very social since.

In Burundi

To develop.

In Rwanda

Rwandan monarchy resulted from part of the component Tutsi .

Sure of the random phenotypes, which also generated the Nazisme in Europe, the colonizers were convinced of the superiority of the Tutsi , in which they saw “white Negros” by the quality of the political structures that they had installation. The Belgians reinforced monarchy Tutsi at the point to make it monolithic on all Rwanda. While losing large shares and especially Belgians, the Tutsi transfer in this recognized supremacy a means of continuing their monarchical domination on the country. Where there were kings (“kinglets”) Hutu, the Belgians imposed colonial administrators Tutsi. When Tutsi started to assert independence, the Belgian colonizers reversed their alliance with the profit of the Hutu, in the name of the democracy, deviating against Tutsi the claims of independence. The Hutu with the capacity, with Hire Kayibanda as president, organized exactions (massacres, destruction of assets, etc) against Tutsi of which several thousands took the way of the exile towards the adjoining countries. They are the descendants of the latter which drove out the genocidary mode (Hutupower) of Juvenal Habyarimana, person in charge of more than one million victims, primarily Tutsi, but also of the Hutu democrats opposed to the dictatorship.

Since the accession with the capacity of F.P.R. to resulting from the genocide in 1994, the Rwandan capacity attempted to destroy the bases of this Ethnisme in the Rwandan company. The constitution adopted by referendum in 2003 very clearly confirmed by the law this engagement. But with the political plan the forces of the old mode and those of the current opposition dispute this political will that they regard as a frontage which would skilfully hide a will of domination of a minority group.

As a Democratic republic of Congo

Populations speaking Kinyarwanda are present at the east of Congo in the Kivu. The current limits of Rwanda correspond to the colonial division of the borders and are more restricted than those of the true territorial influence of Rwandan monarchy before colonization. Some of these populations, the Banyamulenge are described as Tutsi .

According to the site internetl' Observatory of Central Africa, Banyamulenge would have four origins: "

a first group originating in the Kingdom of Rwanda
a second coming from Burundi
a third of Tanzania
a fourth made up group slaves resulting from local tribes (Bashi, Bafulero and Batetela) which gradually were built-in like full members. See the note supplements on the site of the OBSAC:

All are thus not recognized like Tutsi, and generally they do not attach same importance as to Rwanda or in Burundi, with the political significance of this mot. But, it is not the same of their Congolese environment which see in them allies of Rwanda and thus of the potential or proven traitors.

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