Taenia solium

The Taenia solium is the “tapeworm”, whose host is the Porc. It today almost disappeared from the industrialized countries because of facilitated for the veterinary services to detect it. Indeed, the viance of pig touched by this parasitosis is found sifted cysticerques larvae and that Ci is withdrawn from the line productions. Also called the tapeworm armed or tapeworm with the pig , Taenia solium is a Cestode very close to Taenia saginata but which has the characteristic to parasitize the man not only in an adult state (Téniasis) but also in a larval state, involving the human Cysticercose then.

Its Scolex is different from that of the Taenia saginata .

The symptoms of the presence of a tapeworm solium in the organization are:

rare presence of rings in the saddles (with the difference in T. saginata which has musculeux rings which can cross yearly margin N imports when, the rings of T. solium leave only at the time of the saddles and are burst ds the saddles. An examination coprologic in order to finds eggs is necessary)
digestive disorders: Diarrhea S, evils of belly, etc

The tapeworm solium can involve a disease, the cysticercosis (see): In certain cases, L man becomes the intermediate host of T. solium and point of disjunction then the cysticerques larvae. However to this last the cysticerques larvae will have a tropism different from that finds in the pig, thus the larvae will not remain in muscular fabric but will migrate in the brain (60% of the cases) or in the area close relations of the eyes.

The tapeworm solium, which, like the other tapeworms develops approximately meter every 6 months to reach ten meters. This cestode is very sensitive to the treatments containing Niclosamide (example: Trédémine). After the treatment (1 day of treatment for the Tapeworm saginata and solium, 7 for the dwarf tapeworms) you will have to check for 3 months the presence of rings, and at the end of these 3 months, to make a cytobacteriologic analysis of your saddles.

Geographical distribution and importance

Commun run formerly in all the countries where one consumed pigmeat, it practically disappeared from Europe under the influence of three principal factors:

the industrial breeding of the pig, limiting its Coprophagie;
the monitoring veterinary surgeon, effective by the Langueyage;
cooking " with cœur" , become traditional for the pigmeat.

The affection persists by hearths in the Far East, Africa, and South America.

Morphology

A little less long than the Taenia saginata , it is characterized some easily by its Scolex, armed with 2 crowns hooks in addition to 4 suction cups and the regularly alternate provision of the side genital pores.

Biology

Specific parasite of the man like the Taenia saginata , the adult saw in the Small intestine from where the pregnant rings are eliminated passively with the saddles, by fragments of chain. The pig, host intermediate readily coprophage, infects itself by swallowing the Embryophore S (indistinguishable of those of the Ténia inerme). The cycle, in all points similar, leads to enkystement, in the muscles, of cysticerques infectious (Cysticercus cellulosae). It is by consuming the insufficiently cooked or badly preserved flesh pigs Ladre S that the man infects himself.

Private clinic

The pathogenic role is double:

the normal development of the adult in the intestine involves only a banal Téniasis.
On the contrary the upgrading capability of the accidentally swallowed embryophores (food stain or car-infestation) allows the installation of a Cysticercose, true " ladrerie" human, which makes all the importance of the parasitosis.

The muscular localization, tolerated well, except if it is massive, is often a systematic diagnosis of radiography or autopsy; it exists certainly more often than it is not announced. It is indeed the eye and the brain which appear to be the places of election of the cysticercosis, being divided about also more than 80% of the described cases. In the eye , the cysticerque cheek the role of foreign body with according to its localization, Exophtalmie, Strabism, Iritis or eye trouble, frequently together with local cephalgias and pains. In the brain , the table evokes an evolutionary intracranial tumor: the cephalgias, giddinesses and other small disorders of the beginning (cysticerques alive) succeed to disorders of the word, confusional episodes, crises of ataxia or epilepsy Faced-jacksonienne (expansive reaction around the cysticerques dead ones). the evolution can be done towards the coma and death.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of the téniasis with Taenia solium is done easily on the morphology of the rings found in the saddles and examined by transparency (uterine ramifications thick and very few). Still is necessary it to seek there, because the private clinic does not direct and the patient is unaware of generally his parasitosis.

the direct diagnosis is not possible that by biopsy, but, apart from the rare subcutaneous localizations, this one is generally impracticable.
radiography objectifies the cysticerques ones only once died and calcified.
serology is still being studied.

In fact, it is almost always on operational part or taking away nécropsique that the anatomo-pathological examination will confirm or reveal the etiology cysticerquienne.

Treatment

Against the adult, it is the Niclosamide (Trédémine *) with the amounts indicated for taenia saginata. Against cysticerques the evil tolerated, the treatment is exclusively surgical, when it is possible.

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