Secretary of State

Secretary of State is - or was - a position of Gouvernement in several States.

Canada

Until 1993, there existed in the Canadian government a secretary of foreign affairs ( Secretary off State for Foreign Affairs ), who was the responsale de facto control of the Foreign affairs.

Between 1993 - 2003, the title of Secretary of State was granted to several members Canadian Parliament charged to assist a minister in a particular field. These Secretaries of State thus occupied a position comparable with that of the Secretaries of State French, but were not members of the government.

the United States of America

See also: List of the American Secretaries of State

The Secretary of State ( Secretary off State ) American is member of the Cabinet of the president of the United States in charge of the control of the foreign affairs.

States of the USA

In the American States the Secretary off State is a member of the administration responsible for multiple governmental functions which depend on the Constitution and of the laws of each state. In three states (Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and Virginia), one off speaks about Secretary the Commonwealth .

France

Under the Old Mode, the Secretaries of State were officers of the Crown to the role equivalent to that of the current ministers.

See: Secretary of State (Old Mode)

Nowadays, in France, the Secretaries of State is members of the Gouvernement, at the last level of the hierarchy ministerial and placed under the aegis of a Ministre, or sometimes of only the Prime Minister. They are in theory in charge of a particular branch of industry. They sit at the the Council of Ministers only when one point of about a day arose with their attributions. Under the Third republic, there were also under-secretarys of State.

Norway

The Secretaries of State ( statssekretær ) Norwegian have a role comparable with the Secretaries of State French.

Netherlands

The Secretaries of State ( staatssecretaris ) Dutch have a role comparable with the Secretaries of State French. Like the Secretaries of State French, they sit at the Council of Ministers only when their attributions are with the day order.

the United Kingdom

The Secretary of State ( Secretary off State ) British is a member of the government ( cabinet ). Its role is that of a Ministre French. The current Deputy Prime Minister ( deputy premium minister ), John Prescott, carries the honorary title of first Secretary of State. ( First Secretary off State )

The function of Secretary of State has his origin with the Middle Ages. The clerks charged to carry out the correspondence of the monarch with his agents became with the wire of the centuries the principal persons in charge of the control of the government. Until the 16th century there was one Secretary of State, and that two still at the 18th century.

the Holy See

The Secretary of State of the Holy See is the person in charge of the government of the Church after the Pape. He is sometimes assisted of one substitute with the secrétairie of State, also said prosecrétaire of State.

Swiss

In Switzerland the Secretary of State is not a political character, but a senior official. It depends directly on the Federal council. The legal base is the law on the organization of the federal administration of September 19th, 1978, Article 64 then the law on the organization of the government and the administration of March 21st, 1997, Article 46)

; Secretaries of State to the external economic affairs (DFEP/DFE)

1978 Jolles Paul R. born the 25.12.1919 deceased 11.03.2000
1984 Sommaruga Cornelio 29.12.1932
1986 Blankart Franz 27.11.1936
1999 Syz David Werner 10.02.1944
2004 To stack Jean-Daniel 29.08.1946

Raymond Barre said in 1978: " two Swiss is known abroad: Jean Ziegler and Paul Jolles".

; Secretaries of foreign affairs (DFAE)

1978 Weitnauer Albert 30.05.1916 29.12.1984
1980 Probst Raymond 06.03.1919 09.05.2001
1984 Brunner Edouard 27.02.1932 24.05.2007
1989 Jacobi Klaus 12.11.1929 13.07.2004
1992 Kellenberger Jakob 19.10.1944
1999 von Däniken Franz 16.10.1949
2005 Ambühl Michael 26.09.1951

; Secretaries of State to science and research (DFI)

1992 Ursprung Heinrich 13.03.1932
1997 Kleiber Charles 09.12.1942

There was some discussion about naming a Secretary of State by department but this reform was pushed back in popular voting.

Simple: Secretary off State

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