Samuel Morse

See also: Samuel, Morse

Samuel Finley Breese Morse , more known under the name of Samuel Morse , was an American, inventive painter of an electric telegraph and alphabet which bear its name. It was born the April 27th 1791 with Charlestown, Massachusetts, and died the April 2nd 1872 with New York.

Biography

  • April 27th 1791 Birth with Charlestown close to Boston (Massachusetts)
  • 1811 After studies at the University of Yale (Connecticut) where it obtained its diploma in 1811, works in an editor with Boston all while devoting itself to painting.
  • 1811 Voyage to London to follow there artistic studies near Benjamin West.
  • 1813 Gold medal of sculpture of the Company of Arts Adelphi .
  • 1815 Return to the United States where it paints historical fabrics and portraits with a certain talent.
  • 1825 It founds in New York the company of the Art schools (Academy National off Design) and becomes its first president during 16 years. he has creates an alphabet with an odd name.
  • 1829 Voyage in Europe for three years in France and Italy to study the fine arts there.
  • 1832 It is on the “Sully”, ship which brings back it to the United States, that it conceives the idea of an electric telegraph after a conversation on the use of the electromagnet and work of Ampère with the geologist Charles Thomas Jackson
  • 1835 Professor of literature relating to arts of the drawing at the University of New York. First model of the telegraph realized with insufficient means.
  • 1837 With the assistance of two partners, Leonard Scale, a professor of science at the University of New York and Alfred Lewis Vail, rather carried on the practical realization, it seeks to concretize its idea.
  • 1838 Development of the code which made it famous and translating into points and indents each character, letter and figure used to write messages.
It tries without success to interest the American Congress in its invention and turns to Europe, where it also fails.
  • 1840 patent filling for its telegraph - a simple and effective machine.
  • 1842 construction of an underwater telegraph line connecting two banks of the wearing of New York.
  • 1843 After obstinate steps, it succeeds in obtaining to Congress a help of 30,000 $ to establish a telegraph line between Baltimore (Maryland) and Washington (cd.).
  • May 24th 1844 First message transmitted of the Supreme court of the Capitole towards the deposit of railroad of Baltimore.
  • 1846 Development of the telegraph of Morse by privately held companies.
  • 1854 After several lawsuits against rivals, the American Supreme court slices in its favor and validates its patents.
  • April 2nd 1872 died with New York.

Work

Samuel Morse did not invent the telegraph; 50 years before (1793), the optical telegraph of Chappe allowed the transmission of dispatches hundreds of Lieue S. It did not invent the electric telegraph either: Soemmerring, Steinheil, Gauss and Weber in Germany, Amp in France, Schilling in Saint-Petersbourg, Richtie and Alexander in Scotland, Wheastone in England, had already found solutions to transmit messages using electricity. The genius of Morse was to design a simple, practical, effective, cheap, rustic machine and especially to succeed in convincing (not without evil) its contemporaries to carry out a sufficiently spectacular experiment to strike imaginations (the Washington-Baltimore connection).

The invention of Morse is at two levels:

  • the machine, manipulator-wire-transcriber on paper tape
  • the code Morse, composed of two signs: courts and long.
If the machine were détrônée thereafter by the automatic telegraphs, teleprinter, etc the code is always of topicality at the soldiers (though the digital transmissions tend to supplant it) and the Radioamateur S which benefit from its very great resistance to unwanted noise in their radio operator traffic in telegraphy. The code Morse is with the transmissions what the bicycle is with transport of people: the most powerful car is blocked in an urban congestion where the cyclist will always pass.

Morse, inventor of the space multiplexing?

Morse thought some time to make forward by the same wire at the same time several telegraph collections distinct, each receiving couple transmitters/using vibrators of an Eigen frequency, and filters making it possible to separate them on arrival. It is perhaps about the first idea of space Multiplexage. It in the final analysis did not take an action pursuant to him.

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