Rybinsk

History

Beginnings

Rybinsk is one of the first agglomerations built on the Volga by the Slave S. the place is mentioned for the first time by the chroniclers in 1071 under name Oust-Cheksna , i.e. the mouth of Cheksna. During the four following centuries, the agglomeration is alternatively called Oust-Cheksna or Rybansk. From 1504 it is mentioned in the documents under the name of Rybnaïa Sloboda (i.e. the village of fishing). The name is explained by the fact why the locality provided the court of Moscow in Esturgeon S.

At the 17th century, whereas the Sloboda (village equipped with special fiscal advantages) thrived thanks to the trade of the Muscovite Compagnie with Western Europe, its richness enabled him to build several churches hones some of which only one remains today. Other buildings of this time survived in the vicinity of the city, like one of the very last churches Muscovite with three bulbs with the Hermitage Alexandrov and fall to it family from Ouchakov on the Ile of Epiphany

The golden age

At the 18th century, the borough continued to thrive thanks to the trade on the Volga. Catherine III conceded in Rybnaïa Sloboda of the municipal rights and this one was famous Rybinsk. It was the place of transshipment between the ships of big size sailing on the course downstream of the Volga and the smaller boats able to sail on the system of the channels of Marrins which connected the Russian back country to the the Baltic. Equipped with a population of 7 000 inhabitants the town of Rybinsk saw passing 2 daily; 000 barges and of many sailors. Also the port was soon known like the " capital of the péniches". The most known monument of the city is the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Saver who was built on the edge of the Volga between 1838 and 1851 in a neo-classic style . It was built on plan of Avraam Melnikov of the Imperial Académie of Arts that this one had initially planned for the Cathédrale Saint-Isaac of Saint-Petersbourg. Melnikov having lost the competition for the construction of this cathedral gained by Auguste de Montferrand, it sold its imposing drawing with the municipality of Rybinsk

As a capital of the higher Volga, Rybinsk attracted many foreigners, who built a church Lutheran and an imposing cathedral roman catholic which is regarded as most important of the Volga. There is also a museum of the Nobel family which presents the achievements in the Russian Empire of the famous Swedish family. The famous Hollywood producers Nicholas Schenck and Joseph Schenck were born in the city and there is a large house of the 18th century, where lived the Mikhalov family, whose still alive members are Sergueï Mikhalkov, Nikita Mikhalkov and Andron Konchalovsky.

XXe century

During the Soviet era, Rybinsk knew a great number of changes of name: Chtcherbakov (according to Alexandre Chtcherbakov) in 1946, then again Rybinsk in 1957, then Andropov (according to Iouri Andropov) in 1984, and finally again Rybinsk in 1989.

The most important industry of Rybinsk is aeronautical company NPO Saturn and the hydroelectric station.

External bonds

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