The ruthenium is a chemical element, of symbol Ru and Atomic number 44, which belongs to the Métaux of the group of platinum (known as metals of transition)

History

Ruthenium was identified and isolated in 1844 by Karl Karlovich Klaus. It showed that the Oxyde of ruthenium contained new a Métal and 6 Gram S extracted from them from the insoluble part in the Eau levels gross Platine.

Jöns Jacob Berzelius and Gottfried Osann had almost discovered it in 1827, when they examined the residues of the dissolution of the Platine gross of the mountains of the the Ural in the Eau levels. Berzélius did not find metal again, but Osann thought of having found three of them and named one of them ruthenium.

In 1844, it was obtained for the first time by Karl Karlovich Klaus in a pure state.

It is possible also that the Chimiste Polish Jedrzej Sniadecki isolated it in 1807 (it had named it vestium ) starting from ore from platinum, but its work was never confirmed and he renonça with the rights on his discovery.

" Ruthénium" from the Latin Ruthenia comes which means “Russia”.

Production, properties

With the Rhodium, the palladium, the Osmium, the Iridium, and it platinizes it belongs to the “group of platinum”.

One meets it most of the time in a native state (in the form of metal) or in Alliage with platinum. The most important Minéral is laurite (RuS₂). One also meets ruthenium traces in a series of ores of Nickel and Cuivre.

The world Production rises with approximately 12 ton S per annum; it is often a by-product of the extraction of the noble metals of the “mine of platinum”: iridium, rhodium, platinum and palladium.

It is inalterable with the Air and practically unattackable by the Acide S, including water levels, unless adding Chlorate of Potassium.

Use

• the top-of-the-range candles have electrode S covered with a ruthenium and platinum alloy.
• Out of alloy, ruthenium makes it possible to make resistant platinum and palladium and to make for example électodes of them or… feathers for stylo.
  
• It also reinforces the resistance of the Titane to corrosion.
• It is used for manufacture of Hard drives since 2001. It is about a coating of three atoms thickness between 2 magnetic layers. This materials currently makes it possible to store up to 25,7 Gbits/inches ² and will make it possible to go up to 400 Gbits/pouces2.
• Superconductive, Catalyst in chemistry

Simple: Ruthenium

Random links:

Dermatology | Ydes | Department of Yoro | Vesqueville (Belgium) | Laire (river) | Hernán_Cortés