Ronchamp

Ronchamp is a common French, located in the department of the Haute-Saône and the area Franche-Comté.

Geography

Of a surface of 2354 ha whose 1648 of forests, Ronchamp leans with the buttresses of the Vosges Saônoises in North to open on a plain in the west.

History

The name of " Ronchamp " , which known various orthographies during XIIIe century, is the fruit of the victory of César on Aroviste as Sarrette had emitted in 1558, or is this due to the place known as " on the Round Field " as Doctor supposed it Maulini (doctor of the mining company and founder of the Museum of the mine).

Mines

The activity of the mine which began in the middle of the XVIII century, constituted a complementary resource for a primarily agricultural population.

In 1750, the discovery of layers of coal seals for two centuries the destiny of Ronchamp. In all, ten galleries will be dug and exploited until 1820, before is undertaken, in 1810, the drilling of the well Saint-Louis, the first of a series of 26. In 1875,1 500 minors will be employed on the site to extract some, each year, 200.000 tons of coal, until closing in 1958. During two century, Ronchamp went at the rate/rhythm of the mine and this labor, mainly from Poland (in 1873,1923 and 1930). It is a community welded with blazon and brass band which is found for the festival of Holy-Bores, owner of the corporation.

After 1945, the impoverishment of the layer and its low profitability made that one sought coal with the outcrops again, where a first layer had already been exploited, but where a second layer had been scorned.

Maglum

Initially created and established with Sochaux in 1923 under the name of “magneto Light” (“Maglum” by contraction), for the manufacture of parts intended for auto industry. Its establishment with Ronchamp goes back to 1958 for the reconversion of the workmen of the mines which had just closed. The company employed some 1150 people in 1959 with a second establishment with Giromagny. Manufacture related primarily to buckled plate parts (ashtray, handles of door, muffler, balustrade, handle of hand brake, etc.). But as from 1970, the new policy of subcontracting of the industrialists and the incapacity of the direction of Maglum with anticipated this movement, the establishment was put in “voluntary liquidation” in 1980 and ceased any activity.

Administration

Demography

Places and monuments

Vault Our-Lady-of-High the, built by Le Corbusier
the museum of the mine : since 1976, thanks to Doctor Marcel Maulini, one of the last doctors of the mine, the museum located at the center of the city, allows through a whole collection of objects, to point out the hard work of the minor. An important collection of photographs and documents make it possible to apprehend the life of the time, with its joys and its pains.

Personalities related to the commune

See too

Common of the Haute-Saône

External bonds

http://www.ronchamp.org
Ronchamp on the site of the national geographical Institute
Ronchamp on the site of INSEE
Ronchamp on the site of Quid
Localization of Ronchamp on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Ronchamp on Mapquest

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