Rocket (artillery)
See also: Rocket
The rocket is a device on the warhead of a projectile of Artillerie intended to explode it.
One knows various types of them:
- percussion rocket,
- chronometric rocket,
- rocket of proximity
At the time of the Battle of Sedan in 1870, the pieces of artillery were obsolete and used chronometric rocket shells which exploded often too early.
Large progress was made before the Guerre 1914-1918, and during this one.
Each camp had rockets thus:
-
instantaneous Percutantes (for explosion with the short-nap cloth of the ground)
- Percutantes with delay (for explosion after penetration in the ground)
- Fusing (for explosion after one programmed run time)
- has double effect (Fusing and percussion)
Types of safety devices and armament (pin, inertial, centrifuges, pyrotechnical,…), of percussion (inertial), of delay, or calculation of time (cord fusing, fusing plates, mechanics,…) were varied.
A small description of these devices of the period 1914-1918 here:
http://www.passioncompassion1418.com/decouvertes/fusees_types.html
At the end of the second world war, the American forces implement radiofusées of proximity functioning thanks to the Doppler effect. A mini radio-transmitter sends a radio signal towards the target: ground, water level, ship, or aircraft. An minor amount of emitted energy is returned towards the rocket which perceives it at a slightly different frequency because relative speed shell/target. The low frequency beat between the emitted signal and the received signal, detected and amplififié by radiofusée, is used to start the explosion before even as the target is not reached.
To refer to the artcles according to which show in particular the role played by these rockets at the time of the battles in Belgium at the end of 1944.
http://www.secondeguerre.net/articles/artillerie/us/ad/at_90mmgunm1.html
http://www.mil.be/vox/subject/index.asp?LAN=fr&ID=525&MENU=734&PAGE=2
See too