Ranavalona III

Ranavalona III , born the November 22nd 1861 with Amparibe and deceased in Algeria the May 23rd 1917. It was the last queen to reign with Madagascar (1883 - 1897).

It assembles on the throne to dead of Ranavalona II in 1883, thanks to the choice of the Prime Minister Rainilaiarivony who, in accordance with the rules then laid down, was also going to become officially her husband. Its reign was difficult because the kingdom then had to live constantly under the pressure of the French colonial authorities which, in 1885, even succeeded in imposing a mode of protectorate of confused interpretation on Madagascar. Concretely, that resulted in a control of France on the foreign politics of the kingdom, as well as an increasing seizure on its finances. The attempts at Rainilaiarivony to loosen the French vice led to the crisis of 1894 and, then with the colonial invasion of 1895. Persuaded that the French sought only the imposition of an effective mode of Protectorat, the royal authorities hardly made resist their troops. And indeed, the first treaty which one made sign with the queen on October 1st, 1895 went completely in this direction. However as of on January 18th, 1896 the new Governor Hippolyte Laroche obliged Ranavalona III to sign a new treaty recognizing the " catch of possession" from Madagascar by France. The queen however continued to preserve her capacity, even if Rainilaiarivony were deposited then exiled out of the island. Thereafter, the August 6th 1896 the French National Assembly declared Madagascar French colony unilaterally. The night of February 28th 1897 finally, the general Gallieni, who acted as General governor made stop by surprised the queen then sent it at once in exile to the island of the Meeting and then in Algérie. The shortly after the departure of sovereign, the " monarchy merina" was officially abolished by the colonial capacity.

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