Raúl Alfonsín

Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín is a lawyer and an Argentinian politician, chairs Argentinian Nation of the December 10th 1983 the July 8th 1989. It is one of the most important figures of the history of the Radical Civic Union.

Biography

Raúl Alfonsín was born with Chascomús, in the Province of Buenos Aires the March 12th 1927.

Lawyer of profession, it starts to militate very young person in the radical civic Union and in 1958. In 1973, it loses at the time of the primary educations of its party for the presidential elections vis-a-vis Ricardo Balbín.

Its course towards the presidency began at National Convention of its party in 1982 (once finished the War of the Falklands) while being opposed to Fernando of Rúa, which it will beat later at the time of the primary educations. He highly denounced the soldier-trade-union pact which bound the military junta to CGT (Confederation General del Trabajo) and reached the presidency of the Argentine nation on December 10th, 1983, after having beaten the peronist Ítalo Argentino Luder.

The government of Alfonsín is recognized for its institutional contributions: re-establishment of the public institutions and the constitutional rights and guarantees.

So on a side, the principal persons in charge of violations of the human rights during the military regime were judged and condemned by justice, the government of Alfonsin prevents the judgment of many other persons in charge. Subjected to strong pressures of the military sector and to internal tensions with its party, it yields and founds, with the assent of the opposition, the law of Punto Final (Final Point) and the law of Obediencia Debida (To have of obedience). The first is a mechanism of anticipated regulation, whereas the second clears the persons in charge of atrocities made under the orders of the various commander-in-chiefs of the armed forces. These laws are regarded as null by the National congress in 2003, and finally declared like unconstitutional by the Supreme court of Justice on June 14th, 2005.

Moreover, during the government of Alfonsín in 1985, is signed the Friendship and peace treaty with Chile (Tratado de Paz there Amistad), which puts an end to an argument borders. In 1980, the two countries were ready to declare the war.

Nevertheless, because of the serious economic problems which affect the country, with an annual inflation rate of 343% in 1988 and higher than 3000% for the year 1989, Alfonsín gives up the presidency five months before the end of its mandate in 1989. Carlos Saúl Menem replaces it until the end of the mandate then is elected like new president.

An anecdote of the life of Alfonsín is that it made its secondary studies with the Military Lycée General San Martín ( Liceo Militar General San Martín ).

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