Pommerit-the-Viscount

Pommerit - the Vicomte (into Breton “ Pañvrid Ar Beskont ”) is a common French, located in the department of the Coast-with Armor and the area Brittany. sometimes
La locality could be noted under the graphic alternative Pommerit-le-Vicompte , as of 1668.

Geography

The Trieux is a river located at the west of the commune and which does of them one of the administrative limits with the communes of Trégonneau and Squiffiec.

Many a water mills was along this portion. Some always exist but reconverted in dwelling, others leave their trace only by the presence of their level.

List of the nine water mills, upstream downstream:

  • mill of Tool bag, known as of the Perrier;
  • New mill;
  • Barzic mill;
  • mill of Pommerit;
  • mill of the Pear tree;
  • mill of Kerhonn;
  • mill of Restmeur: this mill depended at one time on the castle on Restmeur;
  • mill of Kerbrézellec: there does not remain almost any more trace of this mill, which depended on the farm of Kerbrézellec. It was close to the current footbridge.
  • mill of Kermanac' H, known as Durand mill.

History

Origin

The supposed Roman origin is not attested by archeology. As of the 12th century, the hospital ones of Saint-Jean-of-Jerusalem, commandery of Palacret, have on the territory of its trève Saint-Gilles, the member of Kerdanet, and the Midsummer's Day vault which depends on it. The hospital ones are undoubtedly at the origin of a leper-house, whose localities Cracoussery (of Breton the kakous , leprous), Park-rear-It hlandry (of klanvdi , maladrery) and the Rope manufacture preserve the memory. With the the Middle Ages, the local history is related to that of the family of Châtelier, of which one of the members is seen allotted, at the latest at the end of the 13th century, the title of Viscount.

Latin Pommerit-the-Viscount (: Pomerit Vicecomitis ) is quoted as of 1330 with the diocese of Tréguier, at the time of the lawsuit of canonization of Saint-Yves. The parish of Pommerit-the-Viscount, with his trève of Saint-Gilles, is mentioned in 1426.

In January 1489, at the time of the catch of Guingamp by the French, a combat opposed, close to the bridge of Squiffiec, the troops ordered by Jean, Viscount of Rohan, and those of the Duchesse Anne, at the time which perished much of Breton lords. A small moor, to the borders of Pommerit and Pellet, would still carry, according to the tradition, the name of Placen-traou-battles or “low Place of the battle”.

May 20th 1571, by a marriage between Claude (or Claudine) of Châtelier and Charles Gouyon of Moussaye, (marquis of Moussaye in 1615), the Viscount of Pommerit échut in Gouyon of Moussaye.

This branch, resulting from Claudine and Charles, being itself extinct without male prosperity, the marquisat of Moussaye passed to a branch junior by Gouyon.

September 29th 1681, Henri Gouyon, marquis of Moussaye, count of Quintin, sold the county of Quintin and the Viscount of Pommerit to Guy-Aldonce de Durfort, count de Lorge and Marshal of France.

By letters given to Versailles in May 1691, the Viscount of Pommerit was incorporated in the county of Quintin and this one set up in duchy in favor of the marshal of Lorge.

In 1715, Saint-Gilles, who was a parish branch of that of Pommerit, becomes independent parish.

1790 - 1801: Pommerit-the-Viscount, chief town of canton

January 15th 1790, on the conclusions of the Sieyès abbot, deputy of the Third, the National Assembly, redécoupant the territorial districts resulting from the Ancien Mode and feudality, issued that France would be divided in 83 departments. The department of Coast-of-North was divided into districts and each district in cantons. Pommerit, under the name of Pommerit-the-Wood, was thus set up in chief town of canton.

This commune elects its first municipality at the beginning of 1790.

The canton of Pommerit was included/understood, on April 30th, 1790, in the district of Pontrieux. Other cantons being: Lézardrieux, Paimpol, Lanvollon, Plouha, the Rock-Derrien, Saint-Gilles-the-Wood and Yvias.

The canton of Pommerit included the communes of Gommenec' H, Merzer, Trévérec and Pommerit. In that of Lanvollon: Lannebert, Pléhédel, Pludual, Tréméven and Lanvollon.

This multiplicity involved many expenditure, each district or canton having its special administration and its jurisdiction. Some were of a tiny surface. The Consulate modified the departmental subdivisions in districts wider than the districts and reduced also the number of cantons. Others changed chief town for reason of convenience of the communications.

Pommerit-the-Viscount disappeared then from the list of the cantons to become again simple commune in 1801.

Pommerit-the-wood

The name of the commune became Pommerit-le-Bescond as from October 1793. But this amendment, adopted by the municipality, appeared insufficient with the district of Pontrieux, Bescond meaning Viscount into Breton. The district, which by its decree of the 28 nivôse Year II (February 17th 1794), imposed on the commune the Pommerit-the-Wood name.

The royal decree of July 8th 1814 prescribed with the communes which had changed name during the revolution to take again that they had before at 1790. It was done and the name of Pommerit-the-Viscount was restored. It is true that the aforementioned ordinance was cancelled by an imperial decree of April 14th 1815, but this decree ceased having effect at the end of the Hundred Days (June 25th, 1815) and hardly had time to be applied.

Republicans and royalists

February 8th 1800, while returning from the area of Plouha, the Chouans of the area of Tréguier-Lannion, under the orders of the chief Taupin (former manservant of the bishop of Tréguier) seized the castle of Restmeur where they were established.

Informed, the quartering of Pontrieux (compound of part of the frank company and part of the National guard) went towards Restmeur. Alerted and prepared with the combat, Chouans faced the Blue ones, as of their arrival close to the castle.

After a hard combat, the Republicans beat a retreat after the loss of three men and the wound of the Daniel captain.

The gardener of the castle of Restmeur, having gone to celebrate the victory with the cabaret, returned drunk in Restmeur and answered imprudently " Républicain" with the " Which-vive" of the sentry, who drew and did of him one of the last victims of these tragic days.

The following day, February 9th, around 7 hours of the morning, Chouans gave up Restmeur and, by the bridge of Squiffiec, moved towards the borough of Tréglamus, where they were attacked, on March 1st in the morning, by the troop of Beautiful-Isle-in-Ground. The Taupin chief was killed. The combat of Restmeur and Tréglamus were the two last of Chouans before the final pacification of the area.

Splendor and decline

The important industry of the commune was the industry of the flax. There many poor families had come to seek a work. But the competition of Belgian and English wire, mechanically prepared, destroys industry local flax field.

Misery settled then and Pommerit did not count less than five hundred beggars, on a population of: 3000 hearts. The flax, still cultivated a certain time, was exported and prepared either on the spot.

The commune exported, by the port of Pontrieux, of the grains bound for the clover seed and South of France, for Belgium. It dispatched also greases and firewood for Paimpol and the surroundings.

There was also, in the south-western part of Pommerit, a rather wide layer of clay with pottery. The roadbase of this clay was coarse but, with the lower part of two or three meters, one found a clay extremely beautiful which could be employed for the manufacture of fine earthenware. This layer was going to feed the many potteries of the commune of Pabu.

In 1880, one still collected of the paupers deaths of cold and hunger on the road of Pabu. The winter was so long and so extremely that it would have allowed the passage of a cart on the Trieux! The ice was so thick that it resisted the fall of the trees and one saw residents cutting trunks and faggoting on this cold river.

In 1904, misery remains large and if it sometimes happens to the craftsmen to be temporarily rich, they have little and their trade does not enable them to save for the bad days. As soon as their health prevents them from continuing their activity, they automatically come to enlarge the rows of the poor ones.

The plowmen (operating owners), alive in a quite relative ease, are very little numerous and the farmers of the noble or middle-class grounds are overpowered loads since they support the payment for account of the tax on land and also give to others all the profit of their labor. They are consequently almost as unhappy as those which one asks them to help.

Tradition until 1914

The populations of certain villages, like Pabu and Plouisy for example, knew each other perfectly, were attended, married, cousinaient and had fun together. These localities did not maintain practically any emotional relation with Pommerit-the-Viscount, only existed those dictated by the needs for the labor. When the guy of Pommerit ventured in Pabu, in the hope to court beautiful Pabuaise, they were stopped in Lann where, formed in two groups, Pommeritains and Pabuais flanked beautiful beatings. One says even that, when it happened that the guy of Pommerit are overcome, one on their premises renewed them in their launching stones. It even arrived that they were driven back beyond wood, until Kermilon! There, with the arrival of the reinforcements on the two sides, the things became more serious and made especially noise because one generally empoignait oneself with the fight, but rare were the bad blows.

At the end of these engagements, all became again calm… until forthcoming once!

Other dates

  • In 1451 and 1455, Jean of Châtelier, Viscount of Pommerit, assisted, in the capacity as knight banneret, at the general Parliaments held by the duke Pierre II.
  • In 1826, on June 27th, a terrible storm caused in the commune of the damage which was evaluated with the sum of 23  236 francs. It was noted that several of hail which were collected had the size of an egg of pigeons.
  • In 1919, on October 26th, was blessed the first stone of the new Notre-Dame church.
  • In 1921, on October 27th, was blessed the lately built church.
  • In 1943, on May 7th, the inhabitants of Pommerit-the-Viscount expressed massively in favor of the Résistance. Following this demonstration, the mayor, Marcel Renaut, was suspended.
  • In 1944, on July 15th, five resistant tried to force a stopping established by a German patrol. In this combat, they were killed and their car was burnt.

Administration

  • March 2006: Jean Floc' H announces his resignation (for personal reason) of his mandate of mayor;

  • April 2006: Alain Gautier, then first assistant in load of the roadway system, is elected mayor by the municipal council.

Demography

Inheritance

Monk

Notre-Dame church

The Notre-Dame church preserved her bell-tower, registered voter with the historic buildings, of 34 m of the 18th century when one can decipher a curious written inscription with wrong way “this tower was made by Irish in 1712”. Very beautiful confessionals of the 17th century, alabasters of the 15th century and old statues of St-Michel and St-Antoine draw the attention as of the entry in the building. Superb a yew 1.700 years decorates the park of the church, as well as an original pulpit external of the 15th century. Since February 15th, 2007, a lighting emphasizes the bell-tower.

Notre-Dame vault of Folgoat

This building was rebuilt in 1839. The preceding vault, dating from the 15th century, had been given to the factory (the Council of Parish) on December 26th, 1826, by Pierre and Yves Tanaff it Corvoisier (it would be perhaps Corvaisier) and their heirs. By deliberation of March 12th, 1827, the Council had accepted this donation with the pledges which it comprised. June 6th, 1827, the building was set up in vault of help.

As opposed to what it is for the vault of the Paradise which belongs to the commune, the vault of Folgoat is property of the Communal center of social action. The roof was entirely remade in 1959, then in 2006; the repairing of the chorus, the pavement and the furnace bridge was carried out in 1986-1987 and the stained glasses were restored in 1998.

Formerly, of many pilgrims ran there and sometimes even from fort far. The children who were long in walking there were led and placed under the protection of the Virgin of Folgoat.

It is also told that, according to the dires of a former vice-chancellor of Trévérec, there would exist a gold barrel hidden in a very close field, named rear Parc Chapel . A stone punt, buried at a shallow depth, would indicate its site. Excavations were made there, but in vain!

Notre-Dame vault of the Paradise

This vault with the multiple waste-gas mains (classified Historic building in 1912) was founded by of Châtelier, lords of Pommerit, of which the ecu appears above the principal door. Rectangular building of the beginning of the 15th century, the vault of the Paradise is remarkable. Started in 1398, it was completed in 1405. This vault, of a pretty architecture, is entirely out of stones of size and one notices on the southern door as on the lathe the weapons of Duchâtel, former lords of Tonquédec and Vicomtes of Pommerit.

Set up in vault of help on October 17th, 1818, it was restored in 1819 (using a subscription which gave approximately 4.000 francs). About 1720, she threatened ruin and one rebuilds it partly. It was restored again in 1931, time when and glazed the fenestration of the bedside was emerged.

Under the second restoration, on May 25th, 1818, Marie-Mauricette de Cremeur, who lived the castle of Munehorre, in Pabu, made gift with the parish of Pommerit-the-Viscount of the splendid vault of the Paradise, located in the same commune; vault which it had bought to save it at the time of its sale like national good the II frimaire An III (November 30th, 1794).

Vault Our-Lady-of-Graces of Restmeur

The Notre-Dame vault of Restmeur as a Pommerit-the-Viscount depended until the end on the 18th century on évêché on Tréguier. It belongs to a vaster architectural unit called Restmeur builds between 1730 and 1790.

It was built by Jean François of Monneraie between 1757 and 1763 in a style incipient Louis XVI and was probably devoted the same year per Joseph-Dominique de Chaylus, Évêque of Tréguier. Its interior decoration was finished in 1780. Located at the western entry of a main courtyard, on which are stables of style Louis XIV and a castle of style Louis XVI, it makes opposite with a house guests of identical invoice. Little openings, the bays of Notre-Dame of Restmeur to arc curved and is clavés. The unit is overcome by a roof with croup having an attic window with bull's eye with the carved volutes.

The walls were covered with parget of lime, the rabbets of the toothings-stone of the chainings are marked.

This Vault comprises a ceiling and walls painted in Trompe-l'oeil in a neo-classic style with a vault with boxes and Rosace S in trompe-l'oeil and a Retable of style Louis XVI.

The ground was initially in Tomette S. the floor was added and the furnace bridge was torn off in 1984.

The unit (interior and external), in very bad condition, was registered with the additional Inventory of the Historic buildings in 1997 and is opened with the visit of the public.

Others

  • Cross of Folgoat, 17th century

Monuments

The castle of Restmeur

The castle of Restmeur (18th century) was a typically Breton manor of the 15th century which was bought in 1724 per Jean of Monneraie, Grand Prévost of Brittany. This property, very important, extended on five communes. It will remain in the same family until 1803.

Jean of Monneraie construsit the stable S in 1730, his son destroyed the manor as from 1755 to build a first version Louis XV of the Castle, the Notre-Dame Vault of Restmeur, the house of the chaplain and the house of the guests. Its grandson Jean Dimas undertook work of improvement on the southern frontage into 1788 which finished in 1790.

Today Restmeur is a very harmonious whole of the 18th century presenting the principal styles of the Age of Enlightenment, in the course of restoration since 1985 per Jean Baptiste and Christine de Bellescize.

The unit, with the park, is registered with the additional Inventory of the Historic buildings since 1997 and opened with the public visit the summer. It was successively the property of the family of Monneraye (of 1723), of Mrs. de Boissard (in 1803), of Amédée de Kergariou, the baroness of Lespinasse (in 1824), of the marquis de Keroüartz (in 1871) and of Bellescize since 1985.

There were a battle between chouans and republican in Restmeur into 1800 which made four dead (the chouans were ordered by Taupin, former manservant of the bishop of Tréguier).

May 10th, 1944, four resistant young people were with the farm of Restmeur when the Germans arrived. The guard of the Castle having seen them ran to prevent them. They fled in wood. One among them, Henri Corbel, 22 years, fearing to compromise the farmers, returned to seek his gun forgotten on the table. While escaping again it was wounded with the leg, questioned on the spot, tortured and carried out one hour later. The following day, on May 11th, 1944, large a Cross of Lorraine was deposited on the perron of the Vault of Restmeur where the vice-chancellor of Pommerit celebrated the mass in front of all the village gathered.

The castle of Kerbic

Kerbic is initially modest a Manoir. Acquired at the 17th century by the Reason, it since then has summer transmitted by succession busy of the Reason of Kerbic to Red Floyd then La Motte and Henry of Villeneuve.

The building was altered and increased by its successive owners with 18th and 19th centuries. Kerbic comprises today a building principal talk in the south, framed of two Longère S forming a square court. A closed garden of walls having preserved the summary vestiges of defenses supplements the whole in the east.

In 1596, Gilles Chaillou, lord of Kermouster as a Pommerit-the-Viscount acquire some patches of land located close to the manor of Kerbic. About 1647, Claude Chaillou, girl of the lord of Kermouster, marry Jean Raison. April 25th, 1647, Rider Jean Reason, lord of Kerviou and his wife Claude Chaillou “now making most continuously residence with the place and noble manor of Kermouster” acquire in the vicinity immediate of their residence of the “place and noble manor of Kerbic with all the dependences, franknesses, meadows embellishments, pourpris, wood of mature standing timbers and decorations”.

In 1666, Jean Raison makes consent for the ground of Kerbic with Lord Henri Gouyon, Seigneur Marquis of Moussaye, Count de Quintin and of Pommerit-the-Viscount. This consent carries “right of dovecote and of flees, of bench in the vault of the Paradise on the side of the epistle, with weapons with the pane and of a bench and vault in the church of Pommerit-the-Viscount on the side of the Gospel close to that of the Rumor with weapons to the pane and the wall”.

In 1801, Adélaïde Renee Raison of Kerbic marries Armand Floyd de Tréguibé of the Room. Floyd emigrated of the Wales in France at the beginning of the 17th century to flee persecutions anti-catholics which followed to England the Conspiration of the powders in 1605. The new lord of the manor of Kerbic was assistant of the mayor of Pommerit-the-Viscount on August 12th, 1809, then to advise district and mayor of the commune until his death. Without child, Adolphe de Floyd, wire of the precedent, bequeathed Kerbic in 1883 to the Alain Viscount of the Red Mound, nephew of his wife. His/her Yvonne daughter of the Red Mound marries Jacques Henry of Villeneuve in 1924.

Others

  • the Notre-Dame fountain of Folgoat
  • the manor of Cosquer, the 15th century

Culture

Pommerit-the-Viscount is rich cultural activities:
  • a Bagad: Bagad Pañvrid
  • a Celtic circle: Korriganed Pañvrid
  • a company of theater: the Bathyscaphe *…

Twinning

The goal of twinning is to make it possible to the interested people to improve their English and to discover Ireland and the Irishmen. Millstreet (approximately 1.500 hab.) is located halfway between Killarney and Mallow in the county of Cork. Millstreet Country Park is a splendid park of 250 ha on bottom of the picturesque Clara mountain.

See too

Files and sources

  • Seigniory of Kergouézou and Restmeur as a Pommerit-the-Viscount, dimensions 59 J 10 to 59 J 25,59 J 48 to 59 J 54 > Fonds Jean of Monneraye, (59 J), Departmental records of Ille-et-Vilaine
  • Pommerit-the-Viscount on infobretagne.com

Related article

  • Common of Coast-in Armor

External bonds

  • Pommerit-the-Viscount on the site of the national geographical Institute
  • Pommerit-the-Viscount on the site of INSEE
  • Pommerit-the-Viscount on the site of Quid
  • Localization of Pommerit-the-Viscount on a chart of France and communes bordering
  • Plane on Pommerit-the-Viscount on Mapquest
  • Page on Pommerit-the-Viscount on the official site of the Community of communes Lanvollon - Plouha
  • Site of the bagad
  • Site of the Celtic circle Korriganed Pañvrid
  • a page on the Bathyscaphe
  • Old postcards of Pommerit-the-Viscount
  • Site devoted primarily to the historical research concerning the Celtic world

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