Pneumatic Energy

The Compressed air used in the pneumatic systems is at the beginning of the air to the Atmospheric pressure artificially carried to a called higher Pression pressure of use. In the pneumatic systems, the compressed air is used like means of transport and of storage of energy. Of easy production it presents a certain number of advantages. At the base it is available everywhere and in unlimited quantity.

Composition

The Air is a mixture Gaz them consisted of:

21% of Oxygen
78% of Nitrogen
1% of rare Gases (Argon, Neon, Helium…), of Hydrogen, Carbonic gas and Steam.

The Density of the air is of 1,293 kg /Nm3 (1 Nm3 = 1 cubic normometer indicates a measurement established to the normal atmospheric pressure of 1,013.10⁵ Pa = 1bar and 0°C of Température.)

Use

Of a few mbar with 1 bar: field of the regulation, fluidic the
From 1 to 10 bar: field of the order, the power (everyday usage)
From 20 to 40 bar: field of navigation (diesel starting)
From 150 to 200 bar: storage of the air in bottles (plunged)
From 200 to 500 bar: autonomous field of breathing pressure filled the body of itself.

Advantages of this energy source

the compressed air is transported easily in cheap conduits.
It is clean and the components functioning under this energy are inexpensive.
No risk of deterioration due to overload (pneumatic engines of screw drivers).
It is also not very sensitive to the temperature variations.
Finally the exhausts of air and the escapes are only low polluting.
ideal Use in explosive medium.

Disadvantages

In spite of many advantages, the Automatisation by the compressed air presents certain disadvantages which it is necessary to take into account.

This energy source requires an excellent conditioning (Filtration). No impurity (dust etc) must penetrate in the system.
It is difficult to obtain regular speeds because of compressibility of the air.
the developed forces remain relatively weak. For significant efforts, it is preferable even imperative to call upon hydraulic power.
the air of the exhausts is noisy. This unpleasant phenomenon is partly solved thanks to the use of silencer.
There does not exist little or not gas precompressed economically exploitable in a natural state. It is thus necessary to compress it artificially (consumption of another energy accompanied by thermal losses), which makes of it only one means of transport or of storage of energy, but not a source of primary energy to the full direction of the term.
the production and the exploitation of this form of energy is not done without loss it is thus relatively expensive.

See too

Driving compressed-air

External bonds

Course on the pneumatic elements

Simple: Pneumatics

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