Plum tree

The Prunier ( Prunus domestica L.) is a Fruit tree pertaining to the kind Prunus of the family of the Rosaceae , cultivated for its Fruit S, the plums.

Subspecies

This species includes/understands several subspecies:

Prunus domestica subsp. domestica , to which are attached the majority of the known cultivated varieties.
Prunus domestica subsp. italica (Borkh.) Gams ex Hegi, to which are attached in particular:

plum tree Greengage,
Quetsch plum tree,
Plum tree of Graft (Prune)

Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca (Borkh.) Janch. ex Mansf., to which are attached in particular:

the Mirabelle plum tree

Other species are used as understock:

Plum tree of Japan ( Prunus salicina );
Plum tree myrobalan ( Prunus will cerasifera ).
sloe ( Prunus spinosa ).

Description

The plum tree is a tree of intermediate size (between 3 and 8 meters in height), sometimes thorn-bush, which flowers early in spring (March-April). The white flowers appear before the sheets on branches of the previous year. The fruit, the plum, with more or less spherical or oblong, glabrous form and is covered with “bloom”, which is a fine waxy film. The oval core contains a generally bitter almond.

Its longevity varies from 30 to 50 years (for the frank trees of foot).

Use

The plum tree is cultivated mainly for its fruit, the Prune. The plums are consumed either like fruit of table (in particular varieties of the greengage type), or transformed: pastry makings, jams (Mirabelle plum S, Quetsch plum S), is dried (Pruneau X of Agen).

One also draws some from the Liqueur S (mirabelle plum, quetsch plum).

The plum tree is also a tree ornamental.

Enemies of the plum tree

Ravageurs

Plant louse S, Hoplocampe of the plums, Carpocapse of the plum tree, Hyponomeute of the plum tree, Tenthrède of the sheet of the plum tree, Red spider,

Diseases

cryptogamic diseases: Disease of lead, Agaric thousand, Moniliose brown, Disease of the small pockets;
bacterial diseases: bacterial Canker;
deficiency diseases: deprive of iron.

Other species

Certain trees take the name of plum tree, whereas it is neither of the Prunus nor of the Rosaceae .

Plum tree of China, Flacourtia rukam , Flacourtiaceae ;
Plum tree of Martinique, Flacourtia inermis , Flacourtiaceae ;
Plum tree mombin, Spondias mombin , Anacardiaceae .

External bonds

Site of exchange of grafts of old plum trees and collection
Mirabelleland, play of breeding of plum trees and plums

Simple: Plum

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