Pierre Ier of Brazil

Pierre Ier , emperor of Brazil (1822 - 1831), Pierre IV , king de Portugal and of Algarves (1826 - 1826), was born in the room known as room Don Quichotte from the palate from Queluz, close to Lisbon, the October 12th 1798, and deceased at the same place the September 24th 1834.

He was the 4th child of the capétien Jean VI (1767-1826), king of the United Kingdom of Portugal, the Brésil and the Algarves, and his wife the capétienne infante Charlotte Joachime of Spain (1775-1830).

Infant of Portugal, it was initially titrated Prince de Beira in 1801 with died of his/her older brother infant it Antoine (1795-1801). This title served to designate the heir as a second as the Portuguese crown.

The November 29th 1807 the invasion of Portugal by the army of Napoleon Bonaparte forced the royal family and the court to be embarked for the Brésil. They arrived the March 7th 1808 at Rio de Janeiro, which became the new seat of the Portuguese government.

In 1816 with died of his/her grandmother, the queen Marie I {{Re}} (1734-1816), Pierre was titrated duke of Bragance and prince of Brazil , by his/her father become the king Jean VI.

The November 6th 1817 in Rio de Janeiro, Pierre marries the archduchess Marie Léopoldine of Austria (1797-1826) (girl of the emperor François I {{er}}), from which it will have seven children:

the queen Marie II of Portugal (1819-1853)
infant it Michel of Portugal (1820-1820), prince de Beira
infant it Jean of Portugal (1821-1822), prince de Beira
the princess Janvière of Brazil (1822-1901), imperial princess of 1831 with 1845, wife in 1844 prince Louis of Deux-Siciles (1824-1897), count d' Aquila
the Paule princess of Brazil (1823-1833)
the Francoise princess of Brazil (1824-1898) , wife in 1843 François of Orleans (1818-1900), prince de Joinville
the emperor Pierre II Brazil (1825-1891)

It is only in 1821 that Jean VI went back to Portugal, leaving infant it Pierre as regent of Brazil.

The May 13rd 1822 Pierre was proclaimed defender and perpetual guard of Brazil by the municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

The September 7th 1822 the Pierre regent proclaims with São Paulo the independence of the Brésil, and the October 12th (day of its 24 years) on the Santana place with Rio de Janeiro it becomes emperor of Brazil under the name of Pierre Ist It is crowned in the same city on February 1st 1822.

Become the king Pierre IV of Portugal and Algarves the March 10th 1826 with died of his/her father, the emperor remains in Brazil and abdicates the Portuguese crown the May 2nd 1826 in favor of his/her oldest daughter the princess Marie (1819-1853), 7 years old (and not of his/her son the prince Pierre (1825-1891), 5 months old) and entrusts regency to his/her brother Michel (1802+1866).

The October 17th 1829 in Rio de Janeiro, Pierre remarie with Amélie de Beauharnais (1812-1873) (girl of Eugene de Beauharnais), of which it will have a girl, the princess Marie Amélie of Brazil (1831-1853).

The April 7th 1831 the emperor Pierre Ier abdicates the Brazilian crown (in favor of his/her son, which becomes the emperor Pierre II of Brazil) and leaves for Portugal (by taking again the title of duke of Bragance ) with his/her daughter the queen Marie II Portugal (which embarks with him), which was declared déchue the June 28th 1828 by the regent Michel (1802-1866), brother of Pierre and uncle de Marie, which proclaimed king de Portugal and of Algarves under the name of Michel Ist.

The Pierre ex-emperor and his daughter the queen Marie II undertake the reconquest of Portugal starting from the islands the Azores, helped in this civil war by the France of the Monarchie of July like by the the United Kingdom (and starting from 1833 by the new Spanish capacity ).

Victorious the May 26th 1834, Pierre and his daughter condemn Michel Ier and his future descendants to a perpetual exile. Marie II seizes the power, under the regency of her father, then is declared major the September 12th same year. His/her father the Pierre ex-emperor dies of the Tuberculose twelve days later.

He is buried initially with Lisbon then (since the September 7th 1972) with São Paulo, in the crypt of the monument of Ipiranga, at the place even where he had proclaimed the independence of Brazil on September 7th, 1822.

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