Patricio Aylwin

Patricio Aylwin Azócar (born the November 26th 1918) is a Chilean Politician, member of the Christian democratic party and president of the Chile of the March 11th 1990 with the March 11th 1994. It succeeded the general Augusto Pinochet with the head of Chile.

Biography

Aylwin was born with Viña del Mar, in Chile.

Groin of five children, excel studying in right, it becomes lawyer in 1943.

Married to Leonor Oyarzún Ivanovic, the couple has five children (and fourteen grandchildren).

Professor in Right, of civic education and economic policy at the university, he is also a respected politician.

It is in 1945 that Aylwin joined the Phalange Nacional , a nationalist political organization of right-hand side. Later, he became the president and took part about it actively in his transformation into a political party of center right baptized the Christian Democratic party whose he took the presidency during seven nonconsecutive mandates between 1958 and 1989.

In 1965, it is elected senator.

In 1971, he becomes the president of the Senate and leads the resistance of the Congress to the government of the popular Unit of Salvador Allende, this last having been elected besides in 1970 by the Congress thanks to the benevolence of the Christian Democrat.

It tries to find a peaceful solution with the crisis between the legislature and the Chilean executive.

In August 1973, it notes the impossibility of agreement between the Congress and the government which tries to impose costs that costs of the Marxist reforms the country. At this point in time Aylwin, in an instrument of the Congress, invites the soldiers to restore the constitutional order in Chile, i.e. to reverse the government of Allende. This official call to the Coup d'etat was the official reason given like legal to the coup d'etat of the September 11th 1973.

Patricio Aylwin supports the coup d'etat and supports the military regime until in 1976. In its spirit, the soldiers intervened to give the capacity to the Congress what was not made.

In 1979, it is opposed to the referendum suggested by the government of Augusto Pinochet, concerning the installation of a news Constitution. The voters approve this constitution (67%).

After the death of Eduardo Frei Montalva, the natural leader of the Christian democrats, Aylwin undertakes starting from 1982 to federate the whole of the opposition parties to the military regime. From the beginning, he chooses a solution negotiated with the soldiers. He is the first to accept the Chilean constitution of 1980 and proposes to make use of it to bring back the democracy to Chile.

He convinces the remainder of the opposition to be joined from his points of view. At the time of the Referendum of 1988 by which the Pinochet general asks for the extension of his capacities for 8 years more, Aylwin takes the head of the Chilean dialog constitutionally to make disallow this proposal. The referendum is a victory for the positions of Patricio Aylwin because 54% of the voters rejected the extension of the capacities of the Pinochet General, within the framework of the military constitution of 1980.

Aywiln is thereafter in the center of the democratic transition which leads in 1990.

The December 14th 1989, Patricio Aylwin, candidate of the dialog which gathers in particular socialist and democratic Christians, is elected president of the republic of Chile. It beats a line divided between a center candidate and a candidate pro-Pinochet (1/3 of the votes)

Its mandate is not an economic or social upheaval compared to the former mode. Quite to the contrary, the government of union of center left continues the economic policy undertaken under the military regime while giving social guarantees the most stripped to.

After having left the presidency, Patricio Aylwin remains active within humanistic organizations in fight against the injustice and poverty.

It is made Doctor Honoris Causa universities of various countries throughout the world (Australia, Canada, Colombia, France, Italy, Japan, Portugal, the United States).

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