Padoue ( Latin Patavium in , Italian Padova in ) is a Italian city, of Venezia area of the Plaine of Po, located in the north of the peninsula at 40 kilometers of Venice, on the river Bacchiglione.

Saint Antoine de Padoue owes his name at this city.

Blazon and Standard

The commune of Padoue has its own Blason and Standard, recognized by decree dated August 22nd, 1941.

Heraldic Desription of the Blazon

On bottom of color money to the Red Cross with a crown decorated with eight florets (five being visible).

Standard (banner)

Geography

History

Antiquity

Padoue claims to be the oldest city of Italy, the inhabitants affirming to go down from the Troyen Anténor whose bones would have been found in a large stone sarcophagus in 1274.

Padouans defended the Roman Republic with the Bataille of Cannes and the city became so important that it was claimed that it could raise two hundred and thousand men. Abano in the vicinity of Padoue is the birthplace of Tite-Live; Padoue is the birthplace of Valerius Flaccus, Asconius Pedianus and Thrasea Paetus.

Padoue, as the remainder of Italy, had to suffer from the Huns which attacked the city in 452. The city then became to the capacity kings Goths Odoacre and Théodoric Large the, before subjecting to the Byzantine Empire into 540. The city was conquered by Goths under Totila but was taken again by the Byzantine troops of Narsès into 568. (to be put at conditional)

The Middle Ages

Padoue was then subjected to the Lombards. This period is marked by a revolt of the city against the king Agilulf in 601 which was severely repressed in blood. The city had not recovered yet when Charlemagne became king of Lombards.

During the franque domination the city concerned the Duché or Marquisat of the Friuli, until in 828. This year with the diet of Aachen the marquisat was divided into four counties from which one took the name of the city.

The city was not long in falling under only control from its bishop. During the Querelle of the Nominations its policy leant for the Empire, its bishops being for the Germanic majority of origin.

However other still unperceivable movements started to be felt. At the beginning of the 11th century the citizens established a constitution, made up of a general advice - legislative assembly - and of a credenza - executive assembly. And during the century following the city was in conflict with Venice and Vicence for rights of water on Bacchiglione and the Brenta river.

But whereas the city grew in power and independence, big families, the Camposampiero, D' Este and Da Romano started to emerge and to share the districts of the city. In order to protect their freedoms the citizens élirent a podestà . Their first choice was made on a member of the Maison of Este (towards 1175).

The first successes of the Ligue lombarde seemed to reinforce the city but internal competitions weakened it and in 1236 Frederic II of Hohenstauffen did not have any evil to establish Ezzelino III da Romano like its vicar with Padoue. With its death in 1259 the city knew one short period of prosperity, the university increased, the construction of the basilica started and the city controlled that of Vicenza.

The September 29th 1222 was founded the university following a solid mass movement of students and professors coming from the Université of Bologna. Until 1399 the disciplines which were taught there were Civil law, canonical Droit and Théologie ( Universitas Iuristarum ), starting from this date will be born the University from the artists ( Universitas Artistarum ). The new disciplines include/understand Astronomie, Dialectique, Philosophie, Grammaire, Médecine and Rhétorique. Andre Vésale, Albertino Mussato, the Cup, Peak of Mirandole, Nicolas Copernic and Galileo attended this establishment. Galileo taught there 1592 with 1610.

The city was not long however in falling under the domination from Cangrande della Scala, lord of Vérone in 1311.

To have released the city of the Della Scala, Jacopo de Carrara was elected lord of Padoue in 1318. Of this date with 1408, with share the two years (1388 - 1390) when Giangaleazzo Visconti directed the city, nine family members da Carrara followed one another like lords of Padoue. But these lords were continuously in war and disappeared in front of the rising powers which were Venice and the Visconti

Modern time

As from 1405 and, except a short cut at the time of the war of the League of Cambric, until 1797, the city was under the Venetian domination. Venice had there two representatives, one civil (the Podestà ), the other soldier (the Captain). The city preserved nevertheless its laws going back to 1276 and 1362. It had two chamberlains and delegated to every five years a noble representative to Venice to represent its interests there.

Contemporary time

With the fall of the Republic of Venice the city undergoes like its former mistress the free-Austrian competitions.

With the defeat of Sadowa when the last Austrians were driven out of Venezia all the area, and Padoue, became Italian.

Economy

Culture

Monuments:
  • the Palazzo della Ragione ( Palate of the Reason ) started in 1172 and completed in 1219. It was altered following a fire in 1420.
  • On the Piazza dei Signori the very beautiful loggia named Gran Guardia started in 1493 and completed in 1526, and beside the Palazzo del Capitani , residence of the Venetian governors, with his gate works of Falconetto off Verona, 1532.
  • most famous church of Padoue is the Basilique dedicated to saint Antoine de Padoue, called here It Santo (the saint). Its relics are preserved in a richly decorated carved marble vault, work of various artists of which Sansovino and Falconetto. The basilica was started in 1230 and its construction continued over several centuries.
  • On the place in front of this church an equestrian statue dedicated to Gattamelata, Condottiere of the Venetian armies of 1437 to 1439 Erasmo da Narni, Venetian general (1438-1441), carried out by Donatello.
  • the Eremitani is the name of a church Augustine of the 13th century which contains the tombs of Jacopo (1324) and Urbertino (1345) da Carrara (of Carrara marble), lords of Padoue and which has frescos of Mantegna in its vaults Saint-Jacob and Saint-Christophe.
  • Beside this church, the Vault of Scrovegni or church of the Arena whose interior walls are entirely covered with paintings of Giotto.
  • Prato della Valle (Pre of the Valley ), the greatest place padouane and one of largest of Europe (18th century).
  • Wall of Via Anelli

Évêché

  • Diocese of Padoue
  • Cathedral of Padoue

Commemorative event

In order to protect their football team (calcio), the inhabitants of Padoue go down in the street the vêtus New Year's Day from the shirt from their formation and shorts, and this, in spite of the relatively low temperature, by reciting praises.

Festivals, fairs

Padoue celebrates each year macaroon in homage to Mr. cédric originating in this so beautiful city.

Administration

Hamlets

Altichiero, Arcella, Bassanello, Brusegana, Chiesanuova, Forcellini, Guizza, Mandria, Montà, Mortise, Paltana, Big-shot di Brenta, Ponterotto, Pontevigodarzere, Crowned Famiglia, Salboro, Stanga, Terranegra, Volta Brusegana.

Communes bordering

Abano Term, Albignasego, Cadoneghe, Legnaro, Limena, Noventa Padovana, Big shot San Nicolò, Rubano, Saonara, Selvazzano Dentro, Vigodarzere, Vigonovo (Venice), Vigonza, Villafranca Padovana.

Personalities born in Padoue

Twinnings

Photograph gallery

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