Occitanie

The Occitanie (in occitan Occitània ) indicates linguistic and cultural space where the Occitan is spoken nowadays or where this language was spoken in a recent past. The chart of Occitanie is directly connected to the definition of the language occitane. Occitanie is distributed between the following States: south of the France for the major part, Italy (Valleys Occitanes), the Spain (Valley of Aran) and Monaco.

The Occitanie term in its current definition is old, reactualizing a medieval name attested as of the end of the 13th century, in 1290 exactly, to qualify the areas of language of oc. There remains in force in the administration until the French revolution of 1789. It is taken again at the 19th century by the literary association of the Félibrige then it is again asserted since the 20th century, in particular since the end of the year 1960. A certain number of intellectuals and cultural or political movements aspire to a literary rebirth in language of oc, and sometimes, with an autonomy, even a total independence (political, cultural and economic) of the zones which they regard as occitanes.

Territory and areas of Occitanie

Occitanie extends on four States :

  • In France: Occitanie corresponds about to the vague concept of “Midi” ; it includes/understands the essence of the Massif Central and almost all the areas of the south, except the Corsica , the Roussillon (Northern Catalogne) and the Pays Basque.
  • In Italy: the Valleys Occitanes, in the Alps (attached to the areas Piedmont and Ligurie; not to confuse with the Valley of Aoste which is more in North).
  • In Spain: the Valley of Aran.
  • has Monaco : except the ligure districts of the downtown area.

The historical or cultural areas which composes Occitanie are the following ones:

The administrative areas covering Occitanie are the following ones:

See: Areas occitanes Foot-note: The linguistic zone of transition from the Growing is regarded today as part of Occitanie. On the other hand, the desoccitanized areas catalanophones and areas (ex: Poitevin-saintongeais) were voluntarily isolated, in order to approach the definition most often allowed of the occitan.

Cross occitane and flag occitan

Origin

The cross known as " occitane" in fact the derivative of the armorial bearings of the counts de Toulouse is: of geules to the cross emptied, cléchée (or pattée ) and pommetée of gold .

The first appearance of the cross of Toulouse is datable reign of Raymond V. There exists in particular a description of the Sceau of this count gone back to 1165. This adoption is particularly early for South-west, the armorial bearings being spread at the 12th century mainly in the North of France. Various interpretations were made of this cross, of which much which insists on an aspect " symbolique" reason, forgetting that the heraldic one is not a science of the symbol, but of the emblem (Mr. Pastoureau).

In 1950, Henri Roland affirms that the origin of this cross must be required in the marquisat of Provence (Northern of the Durance) and more precisely with Venasque.

As of 1966, Roger Camboulives thinks that in the beginning is a solar cross and perhaps the cross nestorienne found with the Turkestan Chinese. It would have arrived at Toulouse by the Italy of North and Provence (undoubtedly at the 10th century). In 1980, (Auta), R. Camboulives also insists on a part played by the Visigoths and on the twelve small spheres which could account for the twelve " maisons" Zodiac. For him the origin of the cross is Toulouse and nonof Provence. It should however be recalled that the Visigoths did not know the Héraldique.

In 1986, Jean-Yves Royer affirms that the origin of cross is quite of Provence but that the text of Henri Roland comprises mistake in the dates and that it is acted in fact of the cross of Forcalquier. It is based in particular on the sculpture of two crosses being reproduced on a lid of Sarcophage in Ganagobie.

In the review Archistra of December 1994, Pierre Saliès affirms that the origin is Toulouse and that the sign of the counts de Toulouse is the fruit of local successive evolutions, perhaps starting from the cross of Jerusalem.

In 1996 (the AUTA n° 612) Jean Rocacher confirms that this cross " is initially the emblem specific to the old county of Venasque, dismembered between the two houses of Toulouse and Forcalquier ".

In 2000, Laurent Macé ( Counts of Toulouse and their entourage ) affirms that the cross became the emblem of the comtale family after the participation in the first crusade of Raymond IV; this cross could find its origin with Constantinople. It indicates that the reason for the pattée cross has a Byzantine origin and that it is spread in Occident via Italy and Provence. Thus the cross of Toulouse and the cross of Venasque or Forcalquier would have a common origin, but would not have been inspired one by the other. In 2000, Bertran of Farge (the Cross Occitane - Loubatière) thinks that the cross occitane is originating in the marquisat of Provence, probably of Venasque, and that it could come from a synthesis between the cross of Constantinople and the cross Copte (trefoil Greek cross) established in Provence thanks to the monks (Lerins-St Victor of Marseilles) and perhaps also thanks to St Maurice will have.

For the moment, the documents do not make it possible to determine an undeniable single origin.

Use

This flag is used to represent the language and the culture occitanes, or more generally like a regional emblem. It is the case in Languedoc but also in the Limousin. The cross of Toulouse is sometimes accompanied there by a star with seven branches, representing the historical areas of Occitanie according to the Félibrige.

In the Valleys Occitanes of Italy, pursuant to law 482-99 concerning the linguistic minorities, of many communes organize a ceremony around the installation of the flag occitan on the official buildings. A text is read in occitan and Italian, explaining the reasons for the ceremony then the flag is hoisted with the sound of the laid. This ceremony proceeded for the first time in France, in the village of Baratier, on November 19th, 2006.

The reason for the cross of Toulouse is used by certain territorial communities of which part of the territory corresponds to that of the old county of Toulouse: the Midday-Pyrenees, Languedoc-Roussillon, Alp-of-High-Provence and Hautes-Alpes (County of Forcalquier). One also finds it on the descriptive one to indicate the language occitane (panels at the entry of the cities…).

Geography

Enclaves occitanophones

Enclaves of occitans were created:

  • in Germany (around Heilbronn in the duchy of Wurtemberg)

  • with the the Antilles,
  • in Argentinian: in particular Pigüé (province of Buenos Aires) presentation and history of Pigüé
  • to the Brazil,
  • with the Canada,
  • in Spanish Catalonia: spoken in the Valley about Aran, the Aranais is a variety of Gascon,
  • with the Chile,
  • with the Basque Country Spanish (Gascon Colonies in the Basque Country): Saint-Sebastien/Donostia (Gascon spoken in the center about the city until the beginning of the 20th century), Fontarabie, Pasajes,
  • with the the United States mainly in States of the West:
Montpellier (Idaho), Oregon, California, but also Valdese (North Carolina) | History of English Valdese, Montpellier (Vermont), Monett (Missouri); as in Louisiana in the area of Baton-Rouge of Arnaudville and Houma where one uses a speech cajun occitan.
  • in Guyana,
  • in the south of the Italy in Guardia Piemontese (Gàrdia; Calabria),
  • with the Lebanon. The County of Tripoli: it is not a question of a colony to the modern direction of the term but an enclave occitane abroad. Raymond of Toulouse founded it during the Croisades in the north of Jerusalem. The majority of the inhabitants came from Occitanie and of Italy, the occitan was the language used in this county.
  • with the Mexico,
  • with the Portugal,
  • in Swiss,
  • in Uruguay,

Some of these enclaves speak the occitan still today or use a local dialect mingled with occitan.

Summary of sites occitane and traces toponymic occitanes

Rivers and rivers

  • the the Rhone, with the affluents the Durance, Gardon, Ardeche, Isere and Drome.
  • the the Garonne (takes its source in the Val of Aran in Catalogne), with the affluents the Dordogne, Lot, Tarn, Gers, Aveyron, Ciron.
  • the the Dordogne (with its affluents such as for examples the Vézère, the Isle). the Dordogne and the Garonne meets to form the Estuaire of the Gironde.
  • the the Loire, with the rivers belonging to its basin such as the Vienna ( Vinhana ), the To combine, the Digs ( Cruesa ) and the Gartempe ( Gartempa )…
  • the Adour, in Gascogne

Orography

  • the the Pyrenees known as Pirenèus in the south, form a natural border with the Iberian peninsula, the Pic of the South of Ossau ( Lo peak of Mieidia d' Aussau ) (2 885 m), the Vignemale ( Vinhamala ) (3 298 m), the Long Pic (3 194 m), the Pic of the South of Bigorre ( peak of Mieidia de Bigòrra ) (2 877 m), the Mont Valier (2 839 m), the Pic of Munia (3 194 m) and the Peak of Néouvielle (3 092 m).
  • the Massif Central known as Central Massis or Massiu Centrau in center-north: plate of the Velay ( Calved ), Plateau of Millevaches ( Plan of Miuvachas ), the Monts of Ambazac, the Margeride ( Marjarida ), the Monts of Fair, the Vivarais ( Lo Vivarés ), included the Mézenc ( Lo Mont Mezenc ) (1 754 m), the Monts of the Cantal ( Los Monts of Cantal ) (1 858 m), the Puy de Dôme ( Lo Puèi Domat ) (1 464 m), the Mont Lozere ( Lo Mont Losera ) (1 702 m), the the Cevennes ( Los Cevenas ) (1 551 m), the Aubrac (1 471 m), and the Puy de Sancy ( Lo Puèi de Sancí ) (1 886 m).
  • the the Alps known as Los Alps or LEIS Aups in the east, form a natural border with the Italian peninsula. the Rabbit burrow ( Lei Rabbit burrow ) (3 045 m); the Mountain of Cheiron (1 778 m), Pelvoux ( lo Pelvús ) (4 103 m), the Col of Tightens (1 908 m), the Massif of the Mount-Cenis ( Lo Massis dau Mont Cenis ) (2 083 m), Massif of Luberon ( Lo Leberon ), the Mont Ventoux ( Lo Mont Ventor ) (1 912 m) the Montagne of Lure ( Montanha de Lura ), the Massif of the Three bishoprices ( Massis dei Tres Evescats ) (2 922 m), the Mount Pelat ( lo Mont Pelat ) (3 052 m), Aution (2 082 m), the Massive of the Jewel cases ( Massis deis Escrinhs ) (4 103 m), Ramièra (3 340 m), the peak of Olan (3 654 m), and the the Alps Cottiennes ( Aups Cotians ), which include the Mont Viso ( lo Visòu ) (3 841 m), the Ronhosa (3 280 m), the Grum (2 366 m), and it Needle of Chambeyron ( Brèc de Chambairon ) (3 415 m).
  • the plain of the Moors ( Tired Lanas ) (Aquitanian basin).
  • the Valley of the Rhone ( Valada LED/dau Ròse )
  • the plain of the Languedoc ( Planed It of Lengadóc )
  • plates of Valensole ( Plan of Valençòla ), Albion (or Saint-Christol) ( Plan of Albion O of Sant-Cristòu ), of Canjuers, Millevaches ( Milavachas ), of the Velay ( Lo Velai ) and of the Marche ( Went It ).

History

See also: History occitane

Summary of the heading below * 1 Prehistory O 1.1 Paleolithic O 1.2 Neolithic era * 2 Antiquity O 2.1 Mediterranean merchants O 2.2 Ibères O 2.3 Celts O 2.4 Romans * 3 Early middle ages O 3.1 first barbarians O 3.2 Goths O 3.3 Burgondes O the 3.4 Francs time mérovingienne O the 3.5 Francs Carolingian time O 3.6 Scandinavians O 3.7 Vascons O 3.8 theBerber ones * the 4 Low Middle Ages * 5 Occitanie of * 6 Occitanie during the French revolution * 7 Modern history

Religions

The religions deeply marked the identity occitane.

The Romans introduced in Occitanie various religions. An Egyptian worship was even practiced in Bordeaux. The Greek communities propagated Christianity.

The Christianisme enormously spent time to be established in Gascogne. However the establishment was so deep that one passed from a family structure matriarcale there to a structure of the " type; paternalist souple". Thereafter, of allied the " goods chrétiens" come from North (the Francs saliens) were solicited to expel the Hérétiques (Arianisme) Visigoth of Aquitaine.

Maritime Languedoc saw, as of the wisigothic time to develop religions heretics. The Visigoths had thus the support of the local population. This is why the Francs could not drive out them immediately.

Burgondes also adopted the religion arienne.

Occitanie was often a development and place of refuge for pursued religions:

  • Catharisme : the fight against the catharism marked a turning of the history of the area by the annexation of Languedoc. It is thought that crypto-cathares took refuge in Auvergne and Catalonia.
  • church of Vaud: In the Middle Ages a colony took refuge in the south of Italy, in this country emigrated of the groups of people of religion of Vaud descended from the valleys Chisone, Pellice and Haute Susa (Piedmont). In the valleys occitanes of Italy the first documents in language of oc were the religious texts of Vaud in 1400, now preserved in important libraries. The fact is that the Of Vaud ones were one of the first movements heretics of the Middle Ages. They took as a starting point the precept Jesus Christ “to be stripped of all its goods to give them to the poor”.
Since the beginning they were persecuted by the Church. In spite of that the movement of Vaud was spread of Provence in Languedoc and even on the Italian alpine slope. In Italian Piedmont, it developed more than elsewhere and in 1532 the Church of Vaud adhered to the Protestant Reform of Calvin and Luther. Today the Church of Vaud has its center with Torre Pellice, Tor in occitan. Here, by dividing into sheets the phone book, one will find family names occitans, French or German, sign of ancient relationship with Protestant Europe.
  • Judaism: Bayonne became the greatest French center of Jewish refugees séfarades (Spain, Portugal). Avignon and its area even saw developing a writing of the occitan with Hebraic letters.
  • Antitrinitarisme the antitrinitarism is religious doctrines which are opposed to the divine Trinity. It is in turn called unitarianism, divine simplicity and arianism. It is common to the Jews, the Moslems and some Christian movements.

The Islam did not succeed in being established fault of time and by assimilatrice lack of will of arabo-Berber in the conquered area of Narbonne.

Thereafter, the Protestantisme was strongly established in certain areas. At one time when the catholic religion and the French State did only one. The choice of certain lords to develop the Calvinism was an assertion of their nonmembership in France (Béarn in particular). Paradoxically, the reformed bible being written in French. This language knew a certain interest on behalf of the Protestants.

Culture

Toulouse is sometimes regarded as the cultural capital of Occitanie.

Language

The occitan is composed of three dialectal groups:

The Catalan is very close to the occitan.

See also: Occitan

Media in language occitane

Radios

  • Ràdio Lenga of òc 95.5 FM
  • Radio Lengadòc
  • Radio Feed
  • Radio Occitania
  • Radio Country in Paris
  • Radio Albigés in Albi (81)
  • Ràdio 4 in Peirigòrd E Agenés
  • France Perigord Blue (programmed in pòstescota)
  • the Alps 1 Alp-of-South (emission Nostra Lenga)

Television

The occitan is a single case in Europe. It is the only spoken language by several million people which does not have only one specific television channel. There exist however programs in occitan on certain chains.
  • the emission '' Viure Al Feed '' on France 3 South
  • the emission '' Punt of Vista '' on France 3 Aquitaine
  • the emission '' Vaqui '' on France the 3 Mediterranean
  • the newspaper in occitan of France 3
  • the tv news in occitan called “Inf' òc” as a Languedocien and in Gascon aranais on BTV (Barcelona Televisió) in Catalonia

Films

  • history of Adrien , film of Jean-Pierre Denis in French and occitan (Limousin dialect) left in 1980
  • Malaterra .

Written press

See also: Written press occitane

Literature occitane

Music and dance

The National anthem of Occitanie is laid (or possibly Cançon of Copa ).

To be up to all the tricks occitane, one will consult in particular:

  • Talvera

  • menestrers Gascon JFTisnèr Verd E Blu
  • Nadau Official site
  • Claudi Marti
  • Joan-Husband Carlotti
  • Mans de Breish: Site
  • Massilia Sound System
  • Parpalhon
  • Fabulous Trobadors official site
  • Andre Minvielle
  • Carlos Gardel Toulouse inventor of the tango
  • Lou Dalfin official site
  • Lou Seriol official site
  • Merry Saber official site
  • Lhi Jari official site
  • Gadalzen official site
  • Goulamas' K
  • Mauresca Crash Dub the official site
  • the ace pagat lo capèu of Nice
  • Rosina de Peira (the official site)
  • verbal Manufactures
  • Moussu T E lei Jovents
  • Lucia of the Valley of Aran
  • Familha Artus official site
  • Jan dau Melhau, of the Limousin
  • Joanda de Montpelhièr official site
  • Ténarèze/site
  • lo grope ÒC (lo site oficial)
  • Joan-Pau Verdier
  • Nux Vomica of Nice
  • Jànluc Sauvaigo and its group of country niçois the Ontàrio Blues Band
  • Corou de Berra polyphonies of the Country Niçois
  • Gael Princivale
  • Bernard Vaillant
  • Marilis Orionaa
  • Peiraguda
  • Lo Còr of Planed of Marselha
  • Bernat Combi/official site, singer and musician out of the commun run of the Limousin
  • Loule Sabronde/official site
  • Sonoloco of Hautefort in the Dordogne

See also: traditional Song in occitan

Gastronomy

Entries

Dishes

  • the Ailhòli (literally garlic-oil, composed of garlic and oil)
  • the Fritters of marrow flower
  • the Torta of blette salted to also see Tourte of blette sweetened
  • the Garbure
  • the Potée auvergnate
  • the Estocafic (stockfish of Nice)
  • the Bagna cauda (sauce of oil and anchoïade where believed vegetables are soaked)
  • the Socca (attention in niçard one writes soca with only one " c")
    • the Panisse Marseilles alternative
    • the cade Toulon-native alternative
  • the Cassoulet
  • the Aligot
  • the Agnocous (gnocchis way gavote)
  • the Talharins (finely cut pastes)
  • the Fidefins (vermiculations of Nice)
  • the Farsum in Grasse called the Capons in the county of Nice
  • the Bored-joans in Gavot country of the county from Nice and with Monaco
  • the Galetou
  • the trénels (tripe of ewe)
  • the Tripoux (tripe of calf)
  • the Tourtous
  • the Mique
  • the Tourin with garlic
  • the Ratatouille
  • the Chichoumeille alternative Languedocien and of Provence of the ratatouille niçoise.
  • the Stew of Provence
  • crystallized Foie gras, , Steaklet and other dishes derived from duck;
  • the Boiled chicken
  • the Tielle (of Italian origin, it became sétoise (Sète))
  • the Cake of potatoes
  • the Brandade of cod (Nimes)
Many dishes are cooked with the goose grease, in the Dordogne, in the Batch, in Gers, in Corrèze. The Sweet chestnut (brought by the Romans) and the Pomme have an particular importance in the Limousin; the Nut in Périgord.

Desserts

  • the Pastis landais
  • the Tourte of blette sweetened to see Tourte of blette salted
  • the Tourtière of Gascogne
  • the Croustade Ariégeoise
  • los Pescajos
  • the Flognarde
  • the Clafoutis
  • the Ganses
  • the Bugnes niçoises
  • the Crouquèto dei Mauro
  • the Tarte tropézienne
  • the Chichi fregi (provençaux fritters)
  • the Millas or Millassou
  • the Nougat
  • the Pompa with the oli or fougasse of Arles
  • the Zézette de Sète

Historical monuments and places

Historic buildings

Historical places

Types of traditional habitats

Sports and plays

Traditional sports and plays

  • Play of skittles of 9
  • the Race landaise, which is the current version of the old bullfights released in the streets.
  • the Race camarguaise, practiced the Gard, the Rhone delta (departments of the the Camargue) and to a lesser extent the Herault and the Vaucluse, and of which the goal is to go to seek attributes placed on the horns of the bull.
  • the Basque Ball, going down from the Play of palm French. In spite of prohibitions to play in France, this play remained practiced traditionally in the Basque Country and in south-Gascogne.
  • Rugby has in Occitanie a strong identity side which is related to the origins of the establishment of this sport. At one time, the trade unions of workmen and even the regroupings were prohibited. Rugby allowed the development of the social struggles. Indeed, the cloakrooms of Rugby were the only place to exchange political ideas between small groups. The meetings between teams originating in various areas allowed a propagation of social ideals. The mutual aid and the mutual support between rugbymans dependant at that time also contributed to mix sport, social and common identity. The Rugby with XIII is firmly anchored in the Aude, in Provence, Lot and the Garonne and in the Toulouse region. One finds also the Rugby with XV (the teams of Brive, of Toulouse, Béziers, Narbonne, Agen, Toulon, Auch and Montferrand count among most famous).
  • the Game of bowls (of " pe" meaning " pied" , and of " tanca" meaning " pile, attache" in occitan of Provence)
  • the Cotton flannel, Lo pilo on the coast niçoise (part perforated with a floc being used as guide)
  • the Ball with the tambourine played in the area of Montpellier
  • the Water tournament (practiced Languedocien tournaments of Béziers to the Grau-of-King, tournaments of Provence practiced in Provence and on the Riviera)

Popular sports and plays

Artisanal traditions

  • the Beret. And you will want to note that the B3earnaise sauce does not have anything inhabitant of Béarn… whereas the beret, is to him inhabitant of Béarn!

Popular demonstrations

Famous characters occitans

Historical characters

  • Aliénor of Aquitaine/Aleonòr d' Aquitània: is a woman who plays a pivot part in the Occident of XIIe century: duchess of Aquitaine, it marries successively the king of France Louis VII, then future king d' Angleterre, Henri II, reversing the report/ratio of the forces while bringing her dowry (in particular Aquitaine) to then to the other of the kings.
  • Antoine of Mothe-Cadillac: governor of Louisiana, founder of Strait (E. - U.).
  • D' Artagnan: French soldier.
  • Cyrano of Bergerac: poet and free-thinker, it inspired Edmond Rostand to create the main character of his Cyrano play of Bergerac.
  • Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès born in Fréjus. Man of the church, politician and essay writer French. It wrote the oath of the Play of palm and worked with the drafting of the French Constitution.
  • Ermengarde de Narbonne: Viscountess de Narbonne. Narbonne and its Viscount, occupied a strategic place on the southernmost political scene of the time, where the counts of Toulouse clashed, the counts of Barcelona, the Viscounts of the Trencavel family and the lords of Montpellier.
  • Gaston Phébus/Gaston Fèbus: writer and medieval prince, it skilfully led England and France to recognize the independence of Béarn.
  • Georges Pompidou: French statesman, was president of the French Republic of 1969 to 1974.
  • Giuseppe Garibaldi/Jausèp Garibaldi, known as Pepin of Nissa born in Nice. Italian politician, craftsman of the Italian unification.
  • Guilhelm de Nogaret/Guillaume de Nogaret lawyer, adviser of the king Philippe IV the Beautiful one and true project superintendent of the royal policy.
  • Henri III of Navarre/Enric III of Navarra, lo noste Enric: king de France (under the name of Henri IV) and of Navarre.
  • Jacques Ier says the Conqueror/Jaume I lo conqueridor: Originating in Montpellier, become king of Catalonia-Aragon. He is a major actor of the Catalan reconquista.
  • Jacques Chirac: Mayor of Paris, President of the French Republic of 1995 to 2007 born with co.-Féréole (Corrèze).
  • Bernadotte : king de Suède, originating in Béarn. Unifier of the kingdoms of Norway and Sweden.
  • Johan III of Grailly: one of the principal anglo-Aquitanian captains of the One hundred Year old war.
  • Jean-Jacques-Governed of Cambacérès born in Montpellier. Politician, principal writer of the French civil code.
  • Jean Jaurès: French politician originating in Castrate (Tarn).
  • Jean Moulin: Large resistant French, born in Béziers in 1899. First president of the National council of Resistance (CNR).
  • Jean Rambaud, corsair and middle-class man of Marseilles, father of Andre de Rambaud, the husband of Agathe de Rambaud and father-in-law of the minister Georges-Rene Pléville Pelley, Minister for the marine, governor of the wearing of Marseilles.
  • Jordi Pujol : Spanish and Catalan politician at the origin of the statute of autonomy of the Valley of Aran in 1989.
  • Family of the counts de Toulouse, Family of the counts de Barcelone, Famille of the dukes of Aquitaine belongs to the main characters of the history occitane.
  • Louis Auguste Blanqui says Locked up the, born one in Puget-Théniers, revolutionist.
  • Marcellin Albert One of the leaders of the Revolt of the vine growers of 1907 with Doctor Ferroul, mayor of Narbonne.
  • Marquis de Lafayette: soldier, it played an important role in the war of independence of the United States of America and the French revolution.
  • Nostradamus : apothecary, doctor and celebrate astrologer.
  • Pey Berland last archbishop Gascon, founder of hospital and the catholic University of Bordeaux, negotiator enters the King of England and the lords of Aquitaine. Organizer of resistance of Bordeaux and Aquitanian to the French Army.
  • Prince Noir: Edouard de Woodstock, prince d' Aquitaine, were an important character of the One hundred year old war.
  • Richard Lion-hearted/Ricar còr of Leon: king d' Angleterre of 1189 to 1199 and duke of Aquitaine.
  • Sadi Carnot: chair French Republic, born in Limoges.

Troubadours

Artists and actors

Writers

Scientists

Social-economic aspects

Social structures

Family typology

The major part of Occitanie is characterized by the structuring of the family in Famille stock .

To a lesser extent one counts some traces of Community Famille (the Limousin, Languedoc).

Political system

Cultural system

Demography

Current statistics

Big cities of Occitanie This table gives the classification of the big cities occitanes according to the population of their urban surface (census of 1999). It includes all the communes of more than: 100000 inhabitants. Aix-en-Provence is the only commune in this case.

The urban surface includes the agglomeration (urban pole) as well as the communes of the crown périurbaine whose at least 40% of the population resident having an employment work in the agglomeration or communes attracted by this one (definition INSEE).

The figures indicated are those of the Total population (with double accounts) for the communes, and without double accounts for the urban agglomerations and surfaces.

Immigration

Economy

Current statistics

Political movements and cultural

Current movements

Culture
  • Institute of studies occitanes | (IEO) Maintenance and development of the language and the culture occitane as a whole.
  • Conselh of Lenga Occitana (CLO), scientific organization of coding of the occitan in the traditional Standard
  • Federacion dels Ensenhaires de Lenga E Cultura d' Òc (FELCO), together of teachers and parents of pupils related to the teaching of the occitan in the public sector
  • Calandreta S, associative schools occitanes of private statute
  • historical Félibrige movement mistralien, arts person and linguistics.
  • Parlaren movement mistralien, in Provence
  • Unioun Prouvençalo, regionalistic group of Provence of inspiration mistralienne
  • Unioun Prouvençalo Transaupino equivalent for Provence and Italy
  • Collective Prouvènço laic and apolitical movement which works for the defense and the promotion of the language, the culture and the identity of Provence, inspiration mistralienne
  • Consulta provenzale Italian equivalent of the Collective Prouvènço
  • Académie of arts, letters and sciences of Languedoc

Policy
  • Left Occitan (PÒC) separatist. This movement adheres to two broader entities:
    • Areas and interdependent people (RPS) participation of the POC at the French level
    • European free Alliance/Democratic party of the people of Europe (ALE/PDPE) participation of the POC at the European level
  • Unitat d' Aran regionalistic-separatist
  • Left the nation occitane (PNO) independentist
  • Anaram In Patac extreme left, took part in the HOOK
  • political Paratge laboratory of ideas. Its principal section is in the Vallées Occitanes (Italy). Its section of Provence is called Para (T) Ge Mar, Ròse E Monts .
  • Iniciativa Per Occitània, political, cultural and social laboratory; independence movement. the purpose of
  • Occitània Libertària anarchist-Communist
  • Gardarem Tèrra altermondialist
  • the Provisional government occitan for the Federal republic and democratic of the countries of Oc is to give rights to the inhabitants of the countries of Oc in Italy, France and Spain.
  • Hartèra revolutionary youth movement of Occitanie

Old political movements

  • Corrent Revolucionari Occitan (HOOK) revolutionary extreme left.
  • Lustred Occitana Groupe of intellectuals, students and agricultural trade unionists, ideologically of revolutionary left, separatist and Socialist.
  • Movimento Autonomista Occitano (MAO), connects nationalist Parti occitan in Piedmont occitan (Italy), only its newspaper is active Ousitanio Vivo.
  • Volèm Viure Al País, socialist movement composed of various self-management local groups.

Notes and references of the article

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