Niçois

See also: Niçois (homonymy)

The niçois is a variety of the spoken language of oc or Occitan:

One also calls it by his indigenous name spelled niçard (traditional standard) or nissart/niçart (Standard mistralienne),

According to dialectologic classification, the niçois is a particular form of the occitan. For historico-cultural reasons, Niçois call their language niçois .

Names of the niçois

In their native tongue, the inhabitants of Nice (Nissa/Niça) indicate themselves by gentilé the niçard, niçarda (standard traditional) or nissart nissarda/niçart niçarda (standard mistralienne). Whatever the C-W communication used, one pronounces in all the cases niˈsaʀda .

In the male form , is the result of a deafening of a D finally. The optional addition of a final sound of support, after final, is a characteristic of phonetics niçoise (but it does not have a phonological value and is not noted in the orthography, whether it is traditional or mistralienne).

There exist innumerable graphic alternatives because them difficulties of conveying a stable linguistic standard: with - C or - S , with - D or - T (even - you ). The C is a C-W communication recommended by Frederic Mistral for example. Georges Castellana also indicates him: “Nice: Niça; read Niçart”.

In French, to qualify the inhabitants of Nice, the usual Gentilé is niçois . Nissart and niçard gets busy recently in French, to indicate all that milked with the traditions and people who speak the language about Nice of the Comté of Nice, a form of rebirth of this culture

Standards, C-Ws communication, standardization

The niçois can use two standards:

  • the standard mistralienne , nearer to the written practices of French. The use of the latter is related to the historical context, with the fastening of the County of Nice in France in 1860. It is governed in theory by the Félibrige (but there exists also a Acadèmia Nissarda ).

  • the traditional standard , which privileges the traditions autochtones language. It was developed by Robert Lafont ( Phonétique and C-W communication of of Provence the , 1951; the ortografia occitana, lo provençau , 1972) then Jean-Pierre Baquié ( Empari lo niçard , 1984) and falls within the competence of the Conseu of Lenga Occitana (CLO) . She does not recognize the diphthong in this speech

C-Ws communication Italianists existed but they were abandoned following the fastening of Nice to the French empire. It is Rancher, great author traditional niçois which is posed in 1830 the question of the C-W communication in its work " the neimada" the question of the C-W communication well before Mistral. It is normal today, that it is qualified " of italianisante" since at that time Nice belonged to the States Sardes (which do not exist today any more)

One can say that the niçois kept some of the oldest forms of the occitan, the other dialects of oc like the of Provence general being francized a little from their history.

On this question, to also see the article Of Provence .

Dialectology

Some use the term niçois to indicate the variety used in the only town of Nice other than the other varieties used in the Comté of Nice - to compare the niçois with the peillasque for example.

Several Isoglosse S indeed crosses the Comté of Nice, the differences are marked between the niçois of the coast and the Gavot (Vivaro-alpine) of the back-country, which, in the north of the county, preserved the female ending - has pronounced (identical in that to the Of Provence general) or the pronunciation of the - R final of the verbs to infinitive.

Teaching

Thousands of young people and adults take courses of niçois, without necessarily being of origin niçoise. They are generally optional options within the university framework intended to make up a deficit of points in the other matters. The niçois at the school is taught with few means to the elementary school and secondary, with option with the baccalaureat (École Calandreta of Cloth, optional courses in public education).

Cultural presence, literature, music

The niçois is the object of a constant cultural presence, with literary creations and song.
  • Theater: Francis Gag, theater Bored Martin, theater of the ciamada nissarda , Serge Dotti, Raoul Natiez
  • Poésie: Peg ladder, François Guisol, Eynaudi, Alan Pelhon, Jan-Luc Sauvaigo
  • Prose: Bertran dau pujet, Raymon Ferraud, Reinat Toscano, Joan Badat. Francés Pelós (XVe century) then Fulconis (XVIe century) made print treaties of Mathématiques in niçois.
  • Song: Jouan Nicola, Menica Rondelly, Eugene Emmanuel, Jean-Luc Sauvaigo, Mauris, Christian Bezet, Nux Vomica (http://www.nuxvomica.org), Ontario, Dédé Trucchi
  • Musics: " Mélonious quartet" direction Valiant Patrick, http://www.bastiancontrari.com mandoline, the Ace Pagat lou Capeù, Corou de Berra , direction Michel Bianco http://www.coroudeberra.com (polyphonic song), Covered

Reviews

  • Lou Sourgentin , Ratapinhata Nòva (years 1980), Beluga

Internal bonds

See too

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