Morphosyntaxic Analysis

Of Grammar, to analyze a segment of Discours consists in evaluating, on the one hand the form (flexional morphology ), on the other hand the function (Syntaxe) of its components. Let us distinguish the traditional analysis from the analysis of the functional groups.

Traditional analysis

Traditionally, the analysis of the speech is carried out with triple level: on the level of the Word, on the level of the proposal, the level of the Sentence.

Word analyzes (or analyzes grammatical)

the category of a word is the first element which must be identified for a grammatical analysis, i.e., an analysis of the word as such, independently of the other words which follow or which precede.

With the category of the word, one must add, the grammatical form , i.e., the kind, the number and the nobody (for the species which has these elements). Lastly, and more particularly with regard to the Verb S, it is advisable to mention various elements, such as: mode, time, voice, etc

Proposal analyzes (or analyzes functional)

Traditionally, the proposal is regarded as the first level of organization of the speech : in a proposal, the words are articulated around the verb which constitutes the core of it.

the second element which must be analyzed is thus the function word, which amounts highlighting its bond compared to other words of the proposal. To analyze the function of the words, is to carry out an analysis of the various components of a proposal, thus consists in identifying various the satellite verb.

Sentence analyzes (or analyzes logical)

the second level of organization of the speech is consisted the articulation of the various proposals of same a complex Phrase .

the analysis of the various proposals composing a sentence is called analyzes logical . The latter thus amounts determining the relations between the various proposals: Coordination or subordination.

Analyzes functional groups

One takes the practice today, to cut out the sentence either only in proposals and words, but in Syntagme S or functional groups . Let us recall that by functional group, it is necessary to hear: a whole of words, associated with only one category, only one function, but “ likely to be divided into other groups” (of the sub-groups, to some extent).

We will thus have, on the one hand, an analysis of the sentence towards the word ( division of the groups in sub-groups ), on the other hand, an analysis of the word towards the sentence ( meeting of units in order to form groups).

Once eliminated the elements except syntax, an analysis in conformity with the principles enumerated above could be carried out.

At the top of the syntactic pyramid is the sentence (i.e., the principal verbal group ). On the other hand, at the base of the pyramid , the nondivisible categories are (simple words or made up). Between the base and the top, various functional groups, or syntagms are, being able to be if necessary enchased one in another.

Each group always includes/understands a core like one or more satellites; these satellites being able to be categories simple (thus, indivisible), but also, sub-groups (structured as the higher group). Thus, an analysis will be able to be carried out in two ways, upwards or from top to bottom.

Analyzes since the base towards the top

Base towards the top, it acts, starting from the simple categories, to combine those in order to reconstitute the various syntagms of the sentence, in other words:

1. to seek the functions of the simple categories (i.e., to seek the core of which each one of these categories constitutes a satellite);

2. to identify each group (organized around a core);

3. to seek the function of each group;

… and so on, until the top of the pyramid, i.e., the sentence, organized around its core (the principal verb).

Analyzes since the top towards the base

Top towards the base, it acts, starting from the sentence, to dissociate the various groups which constitute it, in order to find the simple categories, in other words:

1. to seek the core of the sentence (the principal verb), like its satellites (simple categories or groups) which one analyzes the respective functions;

2. for each group, to seek the core as well as the satellites and their functions;

3. to locate the lower groups;

… and so on, until the base of the pyramid, i.e., dissociated simple categories of their respective groups.

Among the components of a group (nominal or verbal), one can find, referring to the core of the known as group, a new verbal group, of lower statute. This second verbal group, or proposal, known as subordinate, constitutes an enshrining, a fitment, an inclusion, in the higher group.

the cat sleeps deeply on the settee since you are parti.

the verb phrase “ since you left ” is a conjunctive Subordinate clause, satellite of the verb “ sleeps ”.

the que cat I have recueilli, sleeps deeply on the settee.

the verb phrase “ that I collected ” is a relative subordinate clause, satellite of the name “ cat ”.

Related subjects

List of the concepts used in linguistics
grammatical Kind
Word
grammatical Number
Nobody grammatical
Sentence
Syntagm
Syntax

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