Morbihan

See also: Morbihan (homonymy)

The Morbihan ( 56 ) is a department French located in Brittany, which owes its name with the Golfe of Morbihan, name Breton which means “ small sea ”, of Mor , the sea and Bihan , small. It corresponds essentially to the kingdom, become county then baillie of Broërec and in the past with the city of the Vénètes.

History

detailed Article: History of Morbihan

The department was created with the French revolution, the March 4th 1790 pursuant to the law of the December 22nd 1789, starting from part of old the province of Brittany, composed of the évêché of Valves (less two small portions with north, another in the east and a last in the west, extreme is Cornwall, south of the évêché of Saint-Brieuc, south-west of the évêché of Saint-Malo and the North-East of the évêché of Nantes.

It is created starting from the district of the Présidial of Valves to which one cut off the Sénéchaussée from Quimperlé and the northern half of that of Ploërmel and addition the seneschalsy of Gourin (about).

Communes of Cornwall morbihannaise (old the Sénéchaussée of Gourin) which had not chosen to be annexed to the department of Morbihan regularly claimed to join Finistere, without success.

The originators of the departments chose not to take again the names carried by the former districts for in éradiquer particularisms, so that there is neither Angevin nor Breton no more, but only of the French. The names of the departments are selected starting from geographical characteristics, in particular names of rivers, seas or mountains. One thought of naming this department “the Coasts of the south”, in opposition to the Coast-of-North, but the presence of several gulfs called mor bihan (“small French sea”) by the inhabitants, in Gâvres and the south of Valves, made him prefer this geographical term. The population was not consulted on this name as on the limits of the department, but Breton resonance of the word of Morbihan made much for its acceptance by the inhabitants .

The department of Morbihan forms part in 1919 of economic Ve area or area of Nantes (departments 37 - 44 - 49 - 53 - 56 - 72 - 85), but also of the tourist area of Brittany (22 - 29 - 35 -56). Later, Morbihan belongs to the areas “Brittany” created successively into 1941,1944 and 1956-72-88 (the current Brittany area) and gathering all the departments of Finistere, Coast-in Armor and the Ille-et-Vilaine.

Geography

Morbihan belongs to the area Brittany. It is bordering on the departments of the Finistere in the west, of the Coast-with Armor in north, of Ille-et-Vilaine in the east and the Loire-Atlantique in the south-east, and bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the south.

As elsewhere in Brittany, the tides fill and empty the estuaries with rivers - large and small - locally called in French rivers. It is the equivalent of the Aber S of the Leon and what the geographers name Ria.

The gulf which gave its name to the department contains 42 islands, of which two form common: the island of Arz/enez Arz and the island with the Monks/Enizenac' H (Enez manac' H).

Out of the gulf of Mor Bihan, in Mor Bras (“large sea”, for the Ocean) there are five important islands from which four are inhabited:

  • one at the entry of the gulf of Morbihan, Méaban, uninhabited, where accosting, except urgency, is interdict because of the establishment of an ornithological reserve;
  • three in the south-west of the Bay of Quiberon /bae Kiberen:
  • opposite Lorient, Groix /enez Groe.

Leitartikel: Geography of Morbihan

The climate is soft as well in winter as in summer. There exist microclimates surprising such as those of the peninsula of Quiberon or Belle-Ile.

Economy

Leitartikel: Economy of Morbihan

Demography

The inhabitants of Morbihan are the Morbihannais . The population concentrates mainly in the urban surfaces of Lorient and Valves and in the coastal areas. The rate of urbanization of the population is of 61  %. Lorient, the most populated city department, counts approximately: 120000 inhabitants for his agglomeration while Valves, the second city in importance, account approximately: 60000 inhabitants.

Leitartikel: Demography of Morbihan

Culture

Language

With regard to the Breton language, balanced manpower that provides the investigation Étude of the family history carried out by INSEE into 1999 are of more than: 48000 britophones of more than 18 years for this only department. In particular manpower of the bilingual schools are added to it which are assembled to: 3183 pupils with the re-entry 2005, or the pupils following of the courses of Breton in the public corporations of the secondary (more than 900 in 2002/2003).

Leitartikel: Culture in Morbihan

Tourism

Leitartikel: Tourism in Morbihan

Policy

Leitartikel: Political of Morbihan
  • General advice of Morbihan
  • List of the deputies of Morbihan
  • List of the senators of Morbihan
  • List of the general advisers of Morbihan

Administration

Leitartikel: Administration of Morbihan

  • List of the prefects of Morbihan

Others

External bonds

  • Prefecture
  • General advice
  • Tourist office Moors of Lanvaux
  • Inventory of the inheritance

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