The money (or money-metal ) is a chemical element, of symbol Ag and Atomic number 47.
Introduction
The money is a Métal invaluable, whose name indicates also the tickets and coins. The origin of the word would come from an Indo-European étymon arg- meaning “shining” and would be the equivalent in meaning Sanskrit of rear-jun “shining”.
It is a metal relatively Ductile and very Malléable, appreciated for its particular white glare. Its principal defect comes from sound spontaneous Oxydation with the free air and especially from its Sulfuration, which forms a dark layer on the surface of metal: it is enough for example to eat an egg with a spoon in silverware to make it blacken. The money is used in jewelry, in goldsmithery, like noble metal; in electronics, because it has the strongest conductivity of all metals; like in photography, salts of money being photosensitive. This last activity was the largest consumer of this metal, before the modern processes make it possible to recover the money in the developers and thus to recycle it of good part; the reduction in the number of silver films marketed because of the advent of the Numérique also contributed to reduce considerably the need for the industry of silver photography.
Its absorption in the blood circulation of the human organism does not have a direct effect but an excess called Argyrisme gives a gray dye.
The economists distinguish, unlike the language running, the money (metal) of the Monnaie (tool of regulation of the economic exchanges).
History
The discovery of America made it possible to Europeans to extract from enormous quantities of money, especially with Potosí - almost a ton per day with the apogee. The Argentinian car its name of this metal, and plata indicates there, as in French, metal and the tickets. One finds thus the word plata in Río of Plata, river of Argentine and the Uruguay.
History
The first uses of the money were especially the jewel X, silverware (Vaisselle and other objects out of solid silver or plated), and the coins of Monnaie - the term money which can be employed like synonym of currency .It has a germ-destroying action in vitro . The money has a bactericidal action. It was employed in ustensils intended for the children in order to protect them from diseases whose origin was not known at these times. The expression to be born with a small silver spoon in the mouth comes from this phenomenon, its use recent as indication of richness is only one consequence. The Venetian ones transported water, wine and vinegar in silver tanks to preserve them; at the time of the conquest of the American west, the pioneers protected their water reserve while placing silver coins in their goatskin bottles or their barrels.
Current uses
The money consumption in 2004 in the world was about: 26000 tons. One can distinguish four principal fields from use of the money:- most important, with a consumption of: 11400 tons, is the industrial sector. Because of its excellent electric conductivity, the money is used in many electric applications (to manufacture drivers, switches in particular, contacts) and electronic: conducting pastes and inks. It is also present in formulas of Brasure and welding employed in auto industries, aeronautics and of the refrigeration. One also uses it for surface treatments, by electrodeposition of certain salts (money cyanide, potassium and money cyanide). It enters the composition of piles, is used for the manufacture of mirrors, as a catalyst in many chemical processes, like Bactéricide or Algicide. The chemists use the Silver nitrate AgNO in order to identify in a solution the ions chloride, bromide and iodide;
- the second field with: 7700 tons is the jewelry and silverware. The Indian market is the largest market for the jewelry. The money is often combined with small quantities of copper to reinforce its mechanical characteristics. One uses it also allied with gold, or in plating (from 3 to 5 microns thickness for the jewelry, of 20 with 30 microns for silverware);
- the third field is the photography, with: 5600 tons. Money halide crystals sensitive to the light are the essential component of films and photographic papers. This sector has been in constant decrease for several years because of the development of numeric photography. The market of radiography became more important than the market of the consumption of mass;
- money also used in confectionery mainly in the Far East.
- Lastly, the last consuming sector is that of the parts and medals with: 1300 tons.
One can in addition announce, although it is not really a use of the money, that part of the money is stored or déstockée by the states and the investors (in 2004, sale of: 1920 T by the states and storage of approximately: 1300 tons by the investors).
Production
The money comes from mines or recycling. In 2004:
- the mining production was about: 19700 tons;
- the quantity of recycled money was about: 5600 tons.
The money is extract either of mines whose it is principal metal, or of mines of other metals whose money is to some extent a by-product; thus:
- 30 % of the mining production of money comes from money mines;
- 32 % comes from zinc and/or black leads;
- 26 % comes from copper mines;
- 12 % comes from gold mines.
All in all, Americas produced a little more half of the money extracted in the world.
Six countries produced the two-thirds of the money extracted in the world in 2004:
Figures of 2004, source: Silver Institute, 2005
Metallurgy and chemistry
The money is also used as element of addition for certain alloys. It increases the mechanical characteristics of aluminum alloys, for example.
Corructation
It is about a bright light, specific, emitted by this metal at the time of its cooling after fusion when the veil made up of oxides and flux on the surface tears carried by the Borax. This solidification called fluxing by absorption of oxygen makes inflate metal.
See too
Simple: Silver Zh-min-nan: Ag (goân-sò͘) Zh-yue: 銀
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