Minister
A minister is an agent of the capacity Gouvernement Al which is with the head of a Ministère or of a government department, such as finances, the defense or health. It directs the government departments which are under its orders, represents the State concerning its department and represents its Administration within the Gouvernement. It generally acts under the direction of a Prime Minister (in France or Great Britain for example), of a President of the Council (in Italy), of a federal chancellor (in Germany and Austria) or of a president (with the the United States). It is generally responsible in front of the Legislative power for the good execution of the services which it directs.
History
The word “minister” comes from the Latin word " minister" meaning “servant” or first servant. Minister is male kind: consequently one must always say the minister and never the minister as this extract of the dictionary of the French Academy attests it: " The use of female in the minister , and Madam the Minister , who appeared in 1997, constitutes a fault of agreement resulting from the confusion of the person and fonction."The designation of ministers and the creation of Ministère S are related to the construction of the State.
In Europe, cradle of the institution, the first ministers are at the same time executants of the orders of the prince (police force), discharge it from management day laborer (finances) but are also her close advisers, as regards general policy or foreign affairs for example. They hold their capacities directly of the king and form his Conseil .
The appearance of the first ministries, true administrations charged to assist the minister in his functions, can be dated from the end from the 17th century/beginning 18th century.
These first ministries are related to the functions known as “kingly”, i.e. those which have the aim of ensuring the missions first of the State, such as safety, the Foreign policy and control of the general interests of the Nation. In these first government departments, one notes thus primarily the Finances, the Intérieur, the Foreign affairs, the Défense and the Justice.
The ministry for the Interior constituted a ministry “hold-all”, that which took care of all of which no other was occupied. With the development of the tasks whose Government undertakes, in particular with the appearance of the État-providence, the ministries will multiply according to the needs for the State.
With the Separation of the capacities, the ministers became agents of the Executive power, generally persons in charge in front of the Legislative power, even if this control occurs sometimes through the chief from the executive, as with the the United States.
In France
The ministers are the members of the Gouvernement. They are named by the president of the Republic on proposal of the Prime Minister. They are indicated according to the Administration S which they are brought to direct, the ministries, their regrouping and their name sometimes varying Government with another.
The ministers generally meet in a weekly way Wednesday morning with the Elysium in the Council of Ministers, under the presidency of the president of the Republic, and exceptionally under that of the Prime Minister, by delegation express with a given day order.
The ministers can also meet in inter-ministerial committee under the aegis of the Prime Minister; an inter-ministerial committee includes/understands the ministers, Deputy secretaries and Secretaries of State interested by a quite precise question. There exists also a “restricted committee”, without legal existence, which brings together at the request of the president of the Republic certain ministers to prepare certain files.
Certain ministers can carry the title, on a purely primarily honorary basis today, of Minister of state.
Simple: Minister
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