Marajó

The Île of Marajó which one should currently call peninsula of Marajó is a peninsular territory Brésil IEN located between the mouths of the rivers the Amazon and Tocantins. She is regarded as the largest territory in the world surrounded by fresh water and larger deltaic island of the world. In fact, the largest river island surrounded by fresh water is the island of Bananal, created by the Rio Araguaia, and located at Brazil also.

At the beginning of the XXe century, the Amazon, being divided into two principal arms on the level of its delta surrounded and insulated completely the island. But the Eastern or south-Eastern arm gradually being ensablé and being clogged under the effect of the alluvia, Rio Tocantins, which formerly mingled its water with those with the Amazon, was seen isolated from this last and from now on water of the two rivers does not mix any more, as it photo-satellite shows it opposite. Let us add that the large Amazonian city of Belem is located at the south-east of the estuary of Rio Tocantins, which separates Marajó from the continent.

The territory

Its surface is estimated in a variable way by the various authors. It is more or less 40.100 km ². The town of Soure is the capital. The population of about 200.000 inhabitants saw especially fishing and of agriculture. One practices there the breeding of the bovines of the type Buffle S which extremely well adapted to this environment.

Climate

Marajó has two seasons: The rainy season goes from January to June, and about July to December one speaks about dry season. On the whole the rains are abundant and the climate is wet like everywhere in Amazonia.

Fauna

The island has a rich and varied fauna. Indigenous fauna includes/understands many birds. The avifauna is like everywhere in South America, very richly represented by sparrowhawks, Perroquet S, Flamant S, any kind of waders. The red Ibis S are famous and constitute the symbol of the island. They name then " guaras".

Among the reptiles, let us quote the large anaconda S, and a particular species of Bothrops very dangerous, the Bothrops marajoensis or spearhead of Marajó.

The endemic mammals are also well represented: many Monkey S, Capybara S, and well of others.

Curiosity - tourism

Marajó particularizes by artificial hills called " tesos" built during its past précolombien by the Amerindian S buildings. Its mangrove is particularly rich, and of splendid sand beaches end border its Eastern coast. The Western half of the island is covered with almost inaccessible forest.

Towards autonomy?

The proposal for a legislative decree nº 2419 of 2002 envisages the realization of a plebiscite about the creation of the " Federal territory of Marajó". The project in question defined that if this referendum would accept autonomy, the following municipes of the state of Pará would be detached to constitute says it Federal Territory of Marajó: Afuá, Anajás, Bagre, Breves, Cachoeira C Arari, Chaves, Curralinho, Gurupá, Melgaço, Muaná, Bridged of Pedras, Portel, Salvaterra, Santa Cruz C Arari, São Sebastião da Boa Vista and Soure.

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