Lozere

See also: Lozere (homonymy)

The department of Lozere (48) is a French Département which owes its name with the solid mass of the Mont Lozere.

History

See also: History of Lozere

Lozere is one of the 83 French departments created at the time of the French revolution, the March 4th 1790 pursuant to the law of the December 22nd 1789. It corresponds almost exactly (the canton of Saugues in less) to old évêché of the Gévaudan, which was part of old the province of the Languedoc.

Heraldic

Policy

detailed Article: Political of Lozere

  • List of the deputies of Lozere

  • List of the senators of Lozere
  • List of the general advisers of Lozere
  • List of the prefects of Lozere

Geography

detailed Article: Geography of Lozere

Administrative

The department of Lozere is the department more in north of the area Languedoc-Roussillon. It is bordering on the departments of the Cantal, of the Haute-Loire, the Ardèche, the Gard and the Aveyron. It depends on the academy of Montpellier and the Zone of defense Southern (Corsica, Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence-Alp-Coast of Azure) whose seat is with Marseilles.

Geographical cutting

The geographical division of Lozere follows geological division. One thus finds four areas natural:

Lozere is also the French department having the average altitude of the livable zone highest of France (approximately 1100 m).

Principal rivers

Three important Rivière S occur in Lozere, also called “country of the sources”:
  • the Tarn, which takes its source on the Mont Lozere. It crosses the throats bearing its name.
  • the Batch (or locally Olt), taking its source on the mountain of the Narrow part.
  • the To combine, which takes its source in Margeride with the Moure of Gardille, forming the north-eastern limit of the department with the Ardèche.
One also finds:
  • the Truyère, which takes also its source in Margeride.
  • them Gardons which go down from the Cevennes

Timbering

In Lozere, the forest extends on 232.300 ha (45% of the surface of the department) and is distributed according to:

Each year, this forest space, composed with 80% of private forests, extends from 500 ha additional.

Climate

Figures

  • Average temperatures: 13°C (min) - 18° (max) with Mende
  • Precipitations: from 1100 to 1800 mm (according to the exposure of the areas), up to 50 days of snow by places
  • annual Sunning: 2090 hours of sun (similar to Toulouse)

Records

Some records raised with Mende since 1985:

Flow

Lozere is subjected to two dominant flows:
  • a oceanic flow for the western part, mainly the Aubrac which knows strong precipitations.
  • a Mediterranean flow, which brings also precipitations often occurring to the intersaison and starting what is called the Cevennes episode.

Economy

The economy of Lozere rests primarily on the primary sector (agriculture), the forest exploitaition and on the tourist activity (Country holidays). The department low has one of the rates of Chômage of France (between 5 and 6%) because of the emigration of its young people towards the cities (Lyon, Marseilles, Montpellier) since centuries.

Demography

detailed Article: Demography of Lozere

The inhabitants of Lozere are the Lozériens .

Figures

Note: from 1881 to 1954: total population, of 1962 to 1999: population without doubles comptes.

  • Births (1990-1999): 6.439

  • Death (1990-1999): 8.100

Short analysis

Lozere remains the department less populated France. However, so since the end of the 19th century the department saw its population being reduced because of the negative Migratory balance, the fifteen last years show a new tendency which is with the rise. The reasons given to this tendency are the quality of the framework of life, the improvement of the network of road transport and communication and in a weaker measurement heliotropism. It acts nevertheless of an elderly population and with strong purchasing power.

The weak density of population (15 hab. /km ²) is explained partly by the poverty of the grounds and the very important rural migration between 1850 and 1910. The population is concentrated in three principal urban centres: Mende, Saint-Chély-with Apcher and Marvejols which groups with them the three one thirds of the population of the department. Some other small centers (Langogne, Florac, Aumont-Aubrac, Canourgue, etc) have the appearance of small basins of life but are not able to attract the young people, whose exodus towards the close metropolises (Clermont-Ferrand in north, Montpellier and Nimes in the south) is increasingly important.

To note the first rank of the department of Lozere, in 2007, with the national Diploma of the patent

Culture

See also: Culture in Lozere

Music, theater of street, discovery, cinema, Lozere benefits from its weak population to become a kind of rural but given cultural laboratory… Thus, per successive decades, several festivals were set up, with, for some, a regional importance, even beyond. Local associations as well as the municipalities manage moreover to propose a calendar in concerts and plays of national level.

Circuses and menageries

Most of the largest French circuses of the 19th century and 20th century draw their origins in the department. Thus, Jean-Baptiste Pezon (1827 - 1897), originating in Rimeize will leave the area at the 17 years age in direction of Paris with its single Loup. This trainer will found the “large Menagerie lozérienne” with Montreuil-sous-Bois. Its lion will inspire Frederic Auguste Bartholdi for his Lion of Belfort. His/her children, in particular Adrien, will take the changing.

Gastronomy

Media in Lozere

At the televisual level , Lozere is included in the regional unhooking of France 3 Southern and the edition France 3 Languedoc-Roussillon for local information. Otherwise, no cable network is available in the department, but TNT made its appearance as of 2006 for the basin mendois. The televisual relay most important of Lozere east that located at the Trick of Fortunio.

Four exclusively local radios are present: Radio Water-Sharp Lozere (member of the network French-speaking Christian Radios, Radio operator Zéma, Radio operator Margeride and 48FM. But three other regional radios are available: Blue France Gard-Lozere, Radio operator Interval, and Radio Totem. According to the geographical places, most of the national radios are present on the department.

The written press, as for it, is dominated by the Lozere Nouvelle (newspaper weekly which took the succession of the Cross of Lozere) and by the free regional newspaper Midi. With? pullings for a little more: 76 000 inhabitants, Lozere Nouvelle presents one of the most important penetration rates of Europe for PHR. To note the furtive presence of the weekly magazine, the Gazette of Lozere, in the middle of the Nineties, but which unfortunately could not be essential. The newspaper with missing a few months later…

Sport

  • Lozere is a ground of sport, with the image of its prefecture Mende elected by twice the most sporting city of France. One finds each year of international great events there such as:

Tourism

Rare animalist reserves in Europe which pass by the safeguarding of the species, with the richnesses on (menhirs, dolmens,…) or under (caves,…) ground, Lozere offers many curiosities…

See also: Tourism in Lozere

Lozériens famous

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