Louis Barthou

Jean Louis Barthou , born the August 25th 1862 with Oloron-Holy-Marie (Yrénées-Atlantiques), killed the October 9th 1934 with Marseilles, is a lawyer and Politician French.

Biography

Louis Barthou is resulting from a modest milieu, his father being hardware merchant with Oloron-Holy-Marie, in the Béarn, near Pau. He continued studies of right to faculty of Bordeaux before leaving to Paris where he obtained his doctorate during the year 1886. Returned in its native Pyrenees, he becomes lawyer, registered voter at the bar of Pau, then secretary of the Conference of Lawyers. He is attracted very early by two passions: the policy and journalism. He thus embraces the two careers, becoming appointed and journalist. While being editor association of the Independent of the Low-Pyrenees , it adheres to the Republicans Moderated before being made elect in 1889, at the 27 years age, like deputy of the Low-Pyrenees. He will be re-elected without interruption at this station until the legislative ones of 1919 and he will leave in 1922 the House of Commons for the Sénat.

In 1894, at thirty-two years the early age, it obtains its first wallet as public Minister for Labor. He will be then successively Minister of Interior Department in 1896, again public Minister for Labor of 1906 to 1909, then Minister of Justice of 1909 to 1913. Louis Barthou became one of large notable of IIIe République.

March 22nd 1913, under the presidency of Raymond Poincaré (2/18/1913 - 2/18/1920), it becomes President of the Council, station which it will keep until December 2nd, 1913. Having a presentiment of the events which went ensanglanter the world the following year, conscious of the rise of the dangers, it takes some energetic measurements. It is for this reason, for example, which it makes vote the law increasing to three years the duration of the military service.

But several tragic events will involve its withdrawal of the political scene, temporary withdrawal however. In a very short amount of time, it undergoes hard the victory of the left to the legislative elections of 1914 in spite of the constitution of a dynamics Fédération of the lefts, then the declaration of war and finally the loss with the face of his son, a few months later.

It however finds in 1917 a place of foreground by recovering the Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Throughout the years 1920, it continues to occupy of the important ministries, like those of the War and the Justice of 1926 with 1929, in coalition governments republican.

In 1934, after the riots of the February 6th, 1934, Gaston Doumergue is recalled by the President of the Republic Albert Lebrun, in order to form a government of national union to try to stabilize the interior policy. For that, it calls upon two heavy trucks of the policy, close to the Head of the State Albert Lebrun, Albert Sarraut inside and Louis Barthou, at his station of predilection, the Foreign affairs.

At this station, it tries to fight against carried out the hitlériennes by attracting Great Britain, Italy and the Soviet Union in a face anti-German. He preaches also the insulation of Germany while assembling against her a series of alliances with the States of the Central Europe combined in France (Poland and Little Entente). Its project of Eastern Pacte will be balanced however by a failure.

October 9th, 1934, it has the role, as a Foreign Minister in exercise, to accommodate in Marseilles the king Alexandre Ier of Yugoslavia. It will be its last displacement. At the time of the attack made by the revolutionist Macedonian Vlado Chernozemski, in collaboration with the Croatian movement of the Oustachi, against the king Alexandre Ier of Yugoslavia, a French police officer counteracted and wounded seriously, by error, Louis Barthou. That was proven during a legal expertise in 1974: the ball of 8 mm, and not of 7,65 mm (gun of the attacker of the king gauges), could not come that weapon from a police officer. However, Louis Barthou is not directly deceased because of his wound with the arm - his artery humérale is seriously reached - but because it was not neat in time. This made an attempt broke, incidentally, the career of the prefect Pierre Jouhannaud. The disappearance of Louis Barthou constituted an irreplaceable loss for the country. He had been the craftsman and the engine of a policy which was the great idea of the last years of its life: the reconstitution of alliances against the German danger. No one will not be able to take it again after its death.

Governmental functions

He exerted the functions of President of the Council of the ministers:

During its passage to the presidency of the Council, it made vote the law known as three years law, modifying the duration of the military service, in spite of a sharp opposition of the members of Parliament of left.

Louis Barthou moreover took part in several other governments:

Electoral mandates

  • 1889 - 1922: deputy of the the Low-Pyrenees
  • 1922 - 1934: senator of the the Low-Pyrenees
  • 1904 - 1934: general adviser of Oloron-Is
  • 1904 - 1934: chair general advice of the the Low-Pyrenees

Literary activities

Simultaneously with his political activity, Louis Barthou published books of literature and history. He is elected member of the French Academy on May 2nd, 1918. It made there two praises, that of Joseph Bedier in 1921 and that of Albert Besnard in 1924.

Works

  • Mirabeau
  • Lamartine speaker . Text on line: * Thiers and the law Falloux
  • Loves of a poet (on Victor Hugo)
  • Danton

Related article

External bond

  • Assassination of Louis Barthou in Marseilles

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