Limoges
Limoges is a city of the mid-west of the France, Préfecture of the department of the High-Vienna and Chef-lieu of the area the Limousin. Its inhabitants is called the Limougeauds and Limougeaudes.
Geographically, it is located at 220 km in the North-East of Bordeaux, at 290 km in the north of Toulouse, at 390 km in the south of Paris and is crossed by the Vienna.
It is officially 24e town of France with more: 137000 inhabitants, in the middle of a Agglomeration of more than: 180000 inhabitants. With close to: 248000 inhabitants, it has the 36e urban Aire of France.
It is called “capital ceramicses” because of the historical establishment in the city of the industry of porcelain, international repute, and the craft industry of the enamel and the stained glasses.
Limoges claims into 2006 to belong to the Villes and Pays of Art and History; the answer should be known in 2008
Denominations
Limoges is called, in Occitan: Lemòtges, Limòtges .
Geography
Limoges is located at the north of the great south-west of the France, on the Vienna. It marks the point of beginning of the western buttresses of the Massif Central.
The basement limougeaud, like the near total of the Limousin territory, is time Précambrien (Granit), but the city is located on a base of Gneiss.
Relief
The city is built on both sides of Vienna, more largely on Right Bank. Its altitude varies from less than 230 meters at the edge of the river with more than 400 meters in the north of the commune (Beaubreuil district for example).
The city is located at the doors of the Massif Central.
Climate
With 150 kilometers as the crow flies of the Atlantic Ocean, the city has a moderate climate oceanic of western frontage, with light mountain tendency, due in the vicinity of the Massif Central and altitude (the commune culminates with more than 400 m and the tops of 500 m are close).
The winters are less snow-covered than front, snow being limited to one or two days of strong precipitations per annum, generally at the end of January, sometimes softer and the summer leave its place to a lenient autumn, true Indian summer.
The annual total of precipitations, under the influence of the close mountain, is rather high (between 900 and 1100 mm).
Climatic data and temperatures
Agglomeration
The figures go back to 1999.
-
Suburbs: : 173200 inhabitants (Limoges, Panazol, Feytiat, Condat, Isle, Couzeix, the Palate)
-
Average crown: : 176900 inhabitants (Limoges, Panazol, Feytiat, Condat, Isle, Couzeix, the Palate, Rilhac-Ransom)
-
Large crown: : 200100 inhabitants (Limoges, Panazol, Feytiat, Condat, Isle, Couzeix, the Palate, Rilhac-Ransom, Boisseuil, St-Priest-Taurion, St-Just, Bosmie, Verneuil, Bonnac-the-Coast, Chaptelat, Vigen, Solignac, Aixe-on-Vienna)
The first results of the census of the population partial of some communes of the department see being confirmed the rise of population, which lets think that the agglomeration will see its population increasing in the next years. It is realistic to estimate, for 2009, publication date of the figures, for the large crown: 204000 with: 208000 inhabitants.
-
urban Surface: : 250000 inhabitants.
Work and achievements
The principal projects of the commune are the reorganization and the extension of the Conservatoire to regional radiation (in the past CNR), the opening of the " Zenith of Limoges " in spring 2007 (), the opening of the 3rd cinema of Limoges, the continuation of the renewal of the buses and trolley buses (a third renewed in 2009), the installation of the district of the City, the installation of the future museum (be 2009), the reorganization of the crib of the Sablard, the creation of a crib relay, extension of the crib Jean Gaining, repair of the lighting of the park of Beaublanc, the refitting of various ways, settings to the standards and rehabilitation of the slaughter-house…. Let us quote also the highway exchanger called of Grossereix put at the highway standards, the prolongation of the RD2000 towards Aixe-on-Vienna, the installation of various parks relay in the neighborhoods of Limoges.
Green areas
Limoges profits from a privileged situation, from the proximity of the surrounding countryside. Many parks decorate the city:- the Field of July, (4 ha) known, located more at the foot of the Station of the Benedictines, which formerly accommodated the Exhibition and which is from now on the place of behavior of the great fun fair of winter;
- the garden of Orsay, (1,8 ha), located at the west of the old downtown area, between and the place law courts of the Carmelite friars. One finds one of the municipal war memorials there. The vestiges of the antique Roman amphitheater of the city of Augustoritum are hidden under the park;
- the park Victor Thuillat, (3,7 ha), close to the working cities, in the North-West of the downtown area, very appreciated thanks to its English river and its flowered floors;
- the park of Aurence, true Western green lung of the city, being spread out over nearly 40 ha between Couzeix and Limoges, bordering the cities of the ZUP of Aurence and the residential districts of Corgnac, Beaublanc and Vigenal. The park is established in the valley of the Aurence;
- the park of the Auzette, (16 ha on Limoges), on the basis of the communes of Panazol and Feytiat. It is the " run verte" limougeaude, hyphen enters the countryside limousine and the old historical quarters of the Bridges;
- garden of Évêché, (5 ha on the whole), which gather close to the museum of the same name, on approximately four hectares, a Botanical garden, a Jardin with the Frenchwoman and a park of plays;
- the edges of Vienna, arranged well these last years, constitute two bands of greenery decorated of plays and sporting structures of Panazol to Condat-on-Vienna on left bank and of the highway to the new way of southern connection on Right Bank;
- the rosery of the Farmhouse-Jambost, road of Saint-Junien, which shelters several hundreds of rose trees for 200 varieties;
- the wood of the Country house, (more than 90 ha), between the Northern industrial park and Beaubreuil, is the privileged place of walk of the sportsmen (course of health). It is located not far from the Lake Uzurat, wanted by the former mayor Louis Longequeue, where is also the municipal camp-site.
Limoges is flowered Ville by the National council of the Cities and Flowered Villages of France, prize winner European 2001 and prices national 2002.
Toponymy
The name of Limoges comes from that of the Gallic tribe of the Lémovices, alive on the Limousin territory during Antiquity. It will become Lemòtges (form traditional) or Limòtges (usual local form) in Occitan and Limoges in French. Toponymy limougeaude remains very marked by the Langue of oc. Thus many districts or of streets have a name occitan which francized forever: street of Rajat (takes part last of the verbre rajar , to spout out), Puy Las Ground, place of Bareyrette. Some were francized phonetically without taking guard with the significance of the name. It is the case of the street of the gold Jug which corresponds in fact to the word cruchador (to be pronounced) indicating a type of balance.
to also see:
See also: Limoges#Langue and regional culture
History
To deepen:
See also: History of Limoges
The historical city was founded before the Roman period by the tribe of the Lémovices, but probably took importance under the name of Augustoritum, at the beginning of the 1st century. The name of the city is the translation of Latin " ford of Auguste".
The city is placed at the crossroads of two large major economic axes of the time: the Via Clutched which united Lyon with Saintes, and it via Avaricum Tolosa between Toulouse and Bourges.
Augustoritum followed obviously the Roman plan, i.e. perpendicular streets and parallels between them. Arenas, thermal baths, and an amphitheater (today the site of the garden of Orsay).
Saint Martial évangélise the area at the end of the 3rd century.
The city undergoes at the 4th century the cruel invasions and the population leaves the city.
At the beginning of the 8th century, the Francs seize the city. It is the time of the famous future holy Éloi, originating in Chaptelat.
At the 10th century, holy Martial badly becomes the guard of the city following the miracles of the of burning the (disease caused by the ergoté rye bread consumption): the exposure of its relics allowed the return of calm in the city. Since, every seven years, take place in Limoges and in the Limousin the ostensions: one brings out the relics of the saints for a procession in memory of this episode of the regional history.
With the the Middle Ages, Augustoritum, become Limoges is a prosperous city, although divided into two: the City, sits religious or is located the cathedral Saint-Etienne, and the Castle.
The city also takes importance thanks to its situation on the Lemovicensis way of the pilgrimage of St-Jacques-of-Compostelle.
At the 12th century, the Adémar Viscount makes set fire to the City but was condemned to the rebuilding. With died of the king de France Louis {{VI}}, his/her son takes again the capacity but loses the province of the Limousin by repudiating his wife. This one remarie with the king of England Henri Plantagenêt. This situation thus involves a succession of conflicts and of course the Guerre One hundred Year old.
Limoges is affected rather little by the Réforme: one notices only few conversions to the Protestantisme, an activity rather weak missionary, disorders limited at the time of the wars of religion.
On the other hand, at the 17th century, the Counter-Reformation had a great importance in the city: six companies of Pénitents are created, of many convents are founded, others reformed; the college of the Jesuits, finally, directs the formation of the elites limougeaudes.
One relatively calm period makes its appearance in the middle of the Middle Ages. The Limousin is yielded to the English, but a war bursts and the province returns definitively to the French crown in 1276.
At the 18th century, the intendant Turgot revival the economy limougeaude and supports the creation and the development of textile industries, of leather… But the true turning is that of 1765: a layer of kaolin is discovered with Saint-Yrieix-the-Pole, to 40 km in the south of Limoges. The industry of the Porcelaine is launched. Lastly, in 1792, the City and the Castle are joined together.
Limoges owes its nickname of red city with the labor movements of the end of the 19th century and the beginning of 20th (especially 1905). The CGT is created besides there in 1895.
The city belongs to the zone known as free before 1942. The August 21st 1944, one week after Brive, Limoges is released by resistant ftp, under the command of Georges Guingouin, celebrates Limousin man of the maquis called " Lou Grand" (the large one).
Regional language and culture
Limoges is located at the north of the cultural zone of the language of oc (see the gate of Occitanie). One thus speaks there the Occitan in his form limousine.
The first texts occitans which one can find in Limoges are among oldest of this language (poetries of the abbey Saint-Martial, in particular). Thus as of the Middle Ages, Limoges is an arts center of first importance for the South of the Europe. The municipal communities and the middle-class men of Limoges will make the choice of the Limousin dialect like language of administration in spite of the competition of royal French.
As everywhere in France, the official language will progress but the use of the language will perdurera despite everything. There exists thus an important literature of expression occitane produced and published in Limoges since the 18th century. The movement félibréen come from Provence will have its place in the Limousin with a majoral.
After the war, the language will lose of its importance in the popular quarters like that of the Bridges. Certain figures will make it nevertheless live. Thus, Andre Dexet, alias will make Panazô, it live through his novels, but also of his articles in the press (in 1958 in his Journau die Panazô , of 1963 to 1977, in the Echo of the Center with the chronicle of the imaginary village Viro-Tranujo (Turn-Grass), on Radio-Limoges in the emission And bold that deibouaïré t-piece! ). Panazô will also animate, on FR3 the Limousin, a thirteen minute old magazine every fifteen days in alternation with the IEO 87. The local public channel will also retransmettra some emissions of FR3 Aquitaine in the Années 1980.
Other personalities will have the word in the media limougeauds. Yves Lavalade will make a Cronica occitana in L Écho where he will speak about the place names and the words of the language of oc. This chronicle will be made 1974 with 1997 is some 1500 chronicles, in a voluntary way, with also of other authors. The musician-writer Jan dau Melhau will animate an emission on Radio-Limoges: Tired cronicas dau saubre-viure (chronicles of the good manners). The other daily newspaper limougeaud, the Popular one of the Center , will not be remains about it by publishing a Cronica de Josep Platussat . The associative radios will make some voluntary emissions in language of oc during the Années 1980.
Limoges will see also a more literary and linguistic review: Clau lemosina . Its name means the Key limousine in reference to poem of the writer of Provence Frederic Mistral. The first appears in 1970 with the foundation of the Circle the Limousin d' Études Occitanes (CLÉO) then until in 2000: 130 numbers during more than twenty years and between 80 and 100 special issues (gray Solelhs, the conjugation occitane, Peire Lallet, With the país of will metafòra,…) who largely contributed to the edition occitane.
In Limoges, the movement félibréen will take the form of folk groups like Eicola dau founded Barbichet the March 23rd 1923 by three regionalistic: Rene Farnier, Jean Rebier and Albert Pestour. There are currently two different: Lou Roussigno dau Limouzi and Eglantino C Lemouzi . But these groups are not only, and the Années 1990 saw the creation of new groups, this time without traditional costumes and at the younger public generally.
Currently, the language and the culture occitane are always present in Limoges although in the media, the situation is less rich than in the years 1980-1990 (a half page every Sunday in the Popular one of the center and a gnorle in the monthly magazine Sillon of the diocese of Limoges). A department of traditional music was created in 1987 with the Conservatoire with regional radiation (CRR) of Limoges. Y is taught the practice of instruments: the Chabrette, the Bagpipe, the Hurdy-gurdy with wheel, the traditional violin and the Diatonic accordion but also dances and the language occitane through the repertory of regional songs. The IEO (Institute of Occitanes Studies) dau Lemosin, in addition to its bookstore, proposes courses for adults, of the training courses of songs and dance, as well as a workshop of writing of which one of participating received the second price of literature occitane Val of Aran (Spain) in 2005.
The language of oc is also a tourist asset for Limoges. Thus, the Tourist office organizes since summer 2006 of the visits in occitan of the city. The folk groups quoted previously always collect a sharp success at the time of their spectacle, and not only with close to an old public and occitanophone.
Heraldic
Demography
-
La value given for 2006 is an estimate of INSEE.
Demographic table of the 20th century at our days
ImageSize = width: 750 height: 400 PlotArea = left: 50 bottom: 50 signal: 30 right: 30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from: 0 till: 150000 TimeAxis = orientation: vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor: darkgrey increment: 10000 start: 0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor: lightgrey increment: 5000 start: 0 BackgroundColors = canvas: sfondo
BarData= bar: 1901 text: 1901 bar: 1906 text: 1906 bar: 1911 text: 1911 bar: 1921 text: 1921 bar: 1926 text: 1926 bar: 1931 text: 1931 bar: 1936 text: 1936 bar: 1946 text: 1946 bar: 1954 text: 1954 bar: 1962 text: 1962 bar: 1968 text: 1968 bar: 1975 text: 1975 bar: 1982 text: 1982 bar: 1990 text: 1990 bar: 1999 text: 1999 bar: 2006 text: 2006
PlotData= color: width barred: 30 align: left bar: 1901 from: 0 till: 84121 bar: 1906 from: 0 till: 88597 bar: 1911 from: 0 till: 92181 bar: 1921 from: 0 till: 90187 bar: 1926 from: 0 till: 98209 bar: 1931 from: 0 till: 92577 bar: 1936 from: 0 till: 95217 bar: 1946 from: 0 till: 107857 bar: 1954 from: 0 till: 105990 bar: 1962 from: 0 till: 118576 bar: 1968 from: 0 till: 132935 bar: 1975 from: 0 till: 143725 bar: 1982 from: 0 till: 140400 bar: 1990 from: 0 till: 133464 bar: 1999 from: 0 till: 133968 bar: 2006 from: 0 till: 135100
PlotData= bar: 1901 At: 84121 fontsize: S text: 84.121 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1906 At: 88597 fontsize: S text: 88.597 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1911 At: 92181 fontsize: S text: 92.181 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1921 At: 90187 fontsize: S text: 90.187 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1926 At: 98209 fontsize: S text: 98.205 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1931 At: 92577 fontsize: S text: 92.577 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1936 At: 95217 fontsize: S text: 95.217 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1946 At: 107857 fontsize: S text: 107.857 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1954 At: 105990 fontsize: S text: 105.990 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1962 At: 118576 fontsize: S text: 118.576 shift: (- 8,5) bar: 1968 At: 132935 fontsize: S text: 132.935 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1975 At: 143725 fontsize: S text: 143.725 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1982 At: 140400 fontsize: S text: 140.400 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1990 At: 133464 fontsize: S text: 133.464 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1999 At: 133968 fontsize: S text: 133.968 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 2006 At: 135100 fontsize: S text: 135.100 shift: (- 10,5)
TextData= fontsize: S pos: (30,20) text: source INSEE
In constant increase since the end of the 18th century, thanks to the Industrial revolution and with the rise of the manufacures (Porcelain, Leather…), the population limougeaude knows, in the years 1970 - 1990, at the same time as the decline of industries, a significant decrease, which is partly due to the enclavement and the insulation of the area. As from the years 1990, the arrival of road infrastructures (highway A20) and railway (improvement of the Line Paris-Toulouse), and the installation of companies of advanced techniques, such as the CNASEA or those of the Technopolis in 1992, and of modern service companies, allows a new rise of the population.
However, the parameters quoted before favor more the communes of the periphery, in particular Panazol and Couzeix, two dormitory towns, of which some saw their population tripling, to even quadruple, in a few decades.
Administration
See also: List of the mayors of Limoges
Administrative Intercommunality and division
In 1962, Limoges amalgamated with the small commune of Beaune-the-Mines, forming the current commune of Limoges.
The the Community of agglomeration Limoges Metropolis, created in 2003, replaced SIVOM agglomeration of Limoges.
The commune of Limoges is formed of the city-center and several offset districts named here " écarts".
In extreme-north, the old commune of Beaune-the-Mines, then while going down towards the south, the coupled ZUP of Beaubreuil at the Industrial Park Northern, the technopolis ESTER and close to the village of Grossereix.
In the west, districts of Landouge, true small village, and White Farmhouse, like Bellegarde, where the airport of the same name is.
-
Districts
- Common bordering:
- Panazol
- Palate-on-Vienna
- Rilhac-Ransom
- Bonnac-the-Coast
- Couzeix
- Chaptelat
- Saint-Gence
- Verneuil-on-Vienna
- Isle
- Condat-on-Vienna
- Solignac
- Vigen
- Feytiat
- Verneuil-on-Vienna
-
Cantons:
Limoges is divided into sixteen cantons.
See also: Cantons of Limoges
Twinnings
The town of Limoges devotes part of its budget to the development assistance of the department of Pabré, with the Burkina Faso.
Policy and trade unionism
The town of Limoges, like the whole of the High-Vienna, is traditionally of left (socialist). It is in Limoges that was founded the CGT (General confederation of work) at the time of its Congress constitutive of the 23 to the September 28th 1895.
At the time of the presidential elections of 1981 and 1988, High-Vienna voted François Mitterrand massively. But will vote mainly for Chirac in 2002 with 1st and the 2nd turn.
The town hall is on the left for a long time (Communiste with Georges Guingouin, socialist since). The current town hall, directed by the deputy PS Alain Rodet since more than fifteen years, would like to give again brilliance with the image of the city, always ignored and wedged not only on the ground but also in the spirits. The municipal team has thus tried for a few years to make of Limoges a town of scale, while giving in value the rich person built and cultural inheritance (restoration of the museums, of the old workings,…), and by supporting the establishment of companies and of technologies of the future (Pole of competitiveness…)1.
Economy and research
Limoges is famous for its Porcelaine, manufactured starting from the kaolin of Saint-Yrieix-the-Pole.
Working city at the beginning of the 20th century, the secondary industry is - in spite of faiblissement sensitive still important, via the mechanical engineering industry (factories Renault Trucks) and electric (seat and factories of the multinational Legrand) and the Chimie.
ESTER Technopolis, created in 1992, is a point of meeting of industries and state-of-the-art technologies. Limoges is also the seat of many administrations, of which the national headquarter of CNASEA.
Limoges is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Limoges and of High-Vienna which manages the Aéroport of Limoges Bellegarde.
Limoges is also the seat of the Regional court of trade and industry the Limousin Poitou-Charentes (which manages Innov' ia.
Statistical data
August 1st In December 2005, the rate of Chômage borders the 8%.
Large companies present on the commune
Limoges is the national headquarter of two international large companies: Legrand (electrical material), and Madrange (food). One can raise, in the companies employing many employees, the shoes J.M. Weston, transport Bernis, Wagon Automotive, Renault Trucks, and obviously, the porcelain companies such Bernardaud.
Ceramicses
While speaking about Limoges it is not possible to be unaware of the Ceramicses, represented mainly by the Porcelaine, the enamels and the stained glasses.
Porcelain
The manufacture of the porcelain could develop thanks to the kaolin, raw material abundant in the area (cf Saint-Yrieix-the-Pole, where one discovered the layers in 1771). Since the 18th century, Limoges is universally known for its Porcelaine, whose industry was launched by the intendant of the king Turgot.
The arrival of the very recent Porcelain in Limoges east thus compared to the enamel.
See also: Limoges porcelain
Enamels
The development of the enamel date Des. the enamel painted, whose Limoges holds the quasi-monopoly, completion date of the 15th century.
After two centuries of decline, a new rise of the enamel takes place in the years 1880/1900, in particular thanks to the impassioned painters of decorative art and with the craftsmen of the Porcelaine.
Currently, the enamel passes through a certain crisis, with the fall of the number of the enamellers and the suppression of Biennial of Enamel. Some dynamic enamellers however endeavor to give again a certain prestige with this ancestral technique, by producing original works of art.
.
Regular lines of bus, numbered from 1 to 41 (whose five lines of trolley), serve the communes of Limoges, Condat-on-Vienna, Feytiat, Isle, Palate-on-Vienna, Panazol, Boisseuil, Rilhac-Ransom and Saint-Just-the-Martel and are exploited by the STCL (Company of Public transport of Limoges, often called TCL).
To that come to be added two lines of night and five lines circulating Sundays and bank holidays.
Since September 4th, 2006, the seventeen communes of the community of agglomeration are connected to the network of the buses of Limoges (TCL), against only six before. The eight communes of the Community which are not served by the regular lines it are by the buses known as " Télobus ", transport with the request.
.
Cathedral Saint-Etienne (13th-19th centuries).
.
Church Saint-Michel-of-Lions (14th century): this church preserves, since the French revolution, the relics of Saint Martial. Its architecture is characteristic of the church-markets of the plantagenêt field. It has splendid stained glasses of, both piétas medieval and many objects of worships, an elegant bell-tower of the type the Limousin (14th century) surmounted by a copper ball, two Gallo-Roman lions with the foot of the bell-tower, which gave their name to the monument.
Church Saint-Pierre-of-Queyroix the (13th century): of Romance origin, it was rebuilt. Let us note a stained glass of the type Renaissance, a Christ of the 13th century, and many other details like a retable baroque and statues remarkable.
.
Castle of Essarts located in the site of the valley of Mazelle, close to Beaune-the-Mines, in the middle of a landscape park of the 19th century (arboretum, orchard, floors with boxwood), it is a castle of the 17th century registered with the inventory of the Historic buildings. Frontages and roofs date from the 17th century, the interior staircase is remarkable. An exposure on the lords of Essarts and their relationship with the Order of Grandmont () as well as the three popes limousins of the 14th century was organized there. One finds in the park a giant sequoia ( Sequoiadendron giganteum ) and oaks stalks ( Quercus robur ).
Les opening days, the visit is guided by the owners in the castle and the park.
Castle of the Country house, private property
Castle of Fontgeaudrant, private property
Castle of Crochat, today carmel
Jouxtens castle or of Saint-Lazare, private property; the rendering of the German garrison of Limoges was negotiated here in August 1944, the Swiss owner being of nationality.
Castle of Faugeras, built little before 1742, become today hotel ****.
Castle of Borie (common of Solignac), seat of the baroque Unit of Limoges.
Places, bridges and other constructions
-
Place Denis Dussoubs (18th century): this old royal place is skirted splendid buildings out of red bricks. It marks the " porte" north of the old district of the Castle. It is one of the most animated places city (cinema, many bars, restaurants). At the south of the old district of the Castle another place of the 18th century is: the Manigne place, disfigured by a modern building.
-
Bridge St-Martial (bases of the Roman epoch).
-
Bridge St-Etienne (13th century).
- Bridge of the revolution.
- New Bridge.
- Nouveau bridge on comes inaugurated in 2006: it was called, by joke, one April 1st, the " Ticaud" bridge; by allusion to the ponticauds, inhabitants of the districts of the bridges of Limoges. Since a plate the name officializes.
.
The basement of Limoges has two or three levels of arched cellars and undergrounds (often of the aqueducts), either dug in the tuff, or built, and forming an impressive network. Their construction is probably spread out over several centuries. During these twenty last years, the number of underground cavities and galleries that Limoges account decreased well unfortunately considerably, under the combined effects of town planning, the negligence and road works, certain.
Furnace of the Half-cases (19th century): it is one of the last furnaces with porcelain of the city, witness of the industrial past of Limoges.
Culture
Museums, places of exposures and libraries
The museum of Enamels and the Adrien-Dubouché Porcelain. The building, built by Henri Mayeux and inaugurated in 1900, accommodates several collections of Porcelaine, Faïence, sandstone, Verre and Poterie;
The Museum of Évêché of Limoges (: 70000 visiteurs/an), installed in the old episcopal palate of the 18th century, shelters collections of enamels, medieval sculptures, Archéologie and paintings (Auguste Renoir, Armand Guillaumin of the school of Crozant…) ;
The museum of resistance and the deportation;
The gallery of the Old people's homes (temporary exhibitions).
Network of the public libraries of Limoges, the multi-media French-speaking Library, commonly called by the limougeauds " Bfm" , since September 1998 profits from a site in downtown area of very first plan. Labellisé Public library with Regional Vocation by the Ministry for the Culture, pole associated with the National library with France in the field with the theater and French-speaking poetry, pole associated with BnF also under the registration of copyright printer in area the Limousin, this vast whole cultural of 14.800 m ² refers both in France and abroad.
The Multi-media French-speaking Library of Limoges, they is also five libraries of district: Aurence, Beaubreuil, the Country house, Landouge and Vigenal. With more: 700000 documents of which: 350000 in free access: 57637 registered readers attend them, generating nearly 1,2 million loans per annum.
Limoges is the only city of more than: 100000 inhabitants where the inscription and the loan are completely free (all supports and for all the readers, some that is to say their place of residence).
Theaters, in concerts and cinemas
The culture is one of the strong points of the city. The programming of the municipal arts centres is famous from the national point of view. Several rooms propose musical productions, parts of Théâtre, Concert S… including five municipal arts centres (CCSM) Jean-Gaining, Jean-Mill, Jean-the-Lease, John Lennon and Jean-Macé; the theaters (the national dramatic union-Center, Jules-Noriac, Expression7,…) ; the Opera-Theater, opened at the beginning of the the Sixties into full Downtown area, member of the Meeting of the Opera houses of France. Let us quote finally the Zenith (open in March 2007), which accommodates from now on the near total of the spectacles.
The castle of Borie, located between Limoges and Solignac shelters the baroque unit of Limoges within the arts center of meetings Borie in the Limousin. It is a meeting place, spectacles, within an exceptional natural framework. ()
Whereas Limoges counted in the middle of the 20th century of many rooms of Cinéma (Omnia, the Stars, Colisée, Rex, Screens, to quote only them), there exist from now on nothing any more but two complexes, belonging both to the same cinematographic group " Multiplex" :
- the Big screens (14 rooms) located place Denis Dussoubs in downtown area;
- the Lido, classified cinema Art and test, located not far from the Station of the Benedictines.
A third multiplexing, always affiliated with " Multiplex" , should open in the next years, with the periphery of the city, not far from the technopolis.
Events and festivities
Just like the cultural programming, the programming of animations and demonstrations of leisures are numerous in Limoges. Let us quote in the festivals the Festival of the Francophonies in the Limousin international festival of the French-speaking theaters which is held the every years at the end of September - at the beginning of October which celebrated its twentieth edition in 2003 (Official site of the festival), Danse agitation, biennial festival of the contemporary dance (in February), one of most important of France (in 2006,2008…) or the Pop Festival on the City organized by Pop Melting association: festival for the promotion of artists of Pop which is held in October or November and which will celebrate its ten years during 2007. The culture of the Web is also one of the specialities of the Limousin with the International festival of Webdesign http://www.webdesign-festival.com/2008/ which joins together each year of Webdesigners for its great international final. They will have, during this webjam, to create a Web site on a topic imposed in 24:00 not stop. Conferences on the topics of the interactive design, Web 2.0, Webdesign, the safety of the Web, the sound design and the sensory design are organized in parallel of the WIF and are accessible to all the participants from the Festival.
The city is also the seat of many fairs, markets or secondhand trades the such Chips of the City, secondhand trade being held all second Sundays of the month in the district of the City, the Market of Christmas, the weekend previous Christmas, on the place of the Mound, vis-a-vis the Markets, the Fair of the Innocent Saints, the last weekend of December, traditional fair and the Fair with old of the Saint Wolf, the last weekend of May.
The literature is not forgotten, on the contrary, with the festival Lire in Limoges, the large living room of the book, the every years in April (: 60000 visitors in 2004).
Of course great classics, commercial, sporting or different events like the great fun fair of winter, in December to the Field of July, the Fair exposure of Limoges, every year during the week of the Rise in May, the Turn cyclist of the Limousin whose arrival is done in Limoges in the 2nd fortnight of August (Official site of the race).
Finally Limoges does not forget its traditions: the Ostensions limousines which take place every seven years and at the time which the limougeauds and the limousins celebrate their saints (Saint Martial, Saint Aurélien, Saint Wolf, Saint Junien,…) at the time of religious and popular demonstrations; this tradition goes back to the year 994. Next Ostensions will take place in 2009.
The traditional festival of the bridges, on the edges of Vienna, is held mid-June and given place to a procession of decorated and decorated flat-bottomed boats, with various animations (and since a few years with the presentation of the new Limoges Miss in exercise).
The Festivity of the small bellies, 3rd Friday of October, traditional tripe shop in the medieval street of Butchery, gathers each year of the thousands of Limougeauds around various culinary specialities limousines (kidney S white, roll with the Châtaigne S, Cidre, rosy Wine of Verneuil-on-Vienna…) and place gives to a great well-known evening of festivities of the young people limougeauds.
The large procession of Carnaval surrounding Fatty Tuesday is not forgotten and joins together each year of the thousands of spectators whose many disguised and made up children, like wants it the habit.
Media
The principal regional newspaper diffused on Limoges east the Popular one of the Center (), of the group Center France (called Popu ), which is also the daily newspaper of the area the Limousin. Are added to it the Écho of the Center and Info .
The direction of the communication of the town hall created in 1996 a chain of continuous local information, 7 in Limoges , which diffuses advertisements, reports…
France Blue the Limousin is the regional radio which emits on the departments of the Corrèze and of the High-Vienna.
Sports and leisures
The activities of leisures are numerous in the area. Let us quote the amusement park of Bellevue, far from the titanic parks Disneyland and others Futuroscope, it is here a family park and with human size, proposing ludic and traditional attractions, the such the ludic horse-gears or swimming pools, within an appreciable natural framework.
Another site to be visited is the aquarium of the Limousin, located vis-a-vis the town hall. This aquarium of 600 m ², open in 1993, has 40 basins, 300 species and approximately 2500 animals, of the Silure to the Piranha while passing by the Esturgeon or the Limule ().
Sports equipment is concentrated with the park of the Sports of Beaublanc (stages, Olympic swimming pool, sport hall which accommodates the spectacles while waiting for the nearest opening of the Zenith and the matches of the mythical CSP), and with the park of the Sports of Saint-Lazare (stage of the football club, municipal golf located at the site of the old aerodrome, swimming pool and in the vicinity the dojo Robert Lecomte and the room of weapon).
There are four swimming pools on the communal territory: Beaublanc, Half-cases, not far from the cathedral, Beaubreuil and Saint-Lazare.
Clubs and teams
See also: Sport in Limoges
Professional clubs.
Limougeauds famous
-
Sedullos (? /-52), Gallic chief, the Limousin rather than limougeaud;
- Léonard Limosin (1505/1577), enameller and painter;
- Jean Dorat (1508/1588), humanistic and poet;
- Jean Pénicaud (? /1540), enameller and painter;
- Jean Pénicaud (? /c. 1585), enameller and painter;
- Jean Pénicaud (16th century), enameller and painter;
- Pierre Courteys (1520/1591), enameller and painter;
- Gabriel Nicolas of Reynie (1625/1709), first general lieutenant of police force;
- Henri François d' Aguesseau (1668/1751), chancellor;
- Etienne de Silhouette (1709/1767), general inspector of Finances;
- Jacques Judges of Borie (1702/1779), lawyer of the king in Présidial, first mayor of Limoges;
- Pierre-Victurnien Vergniaud (1753/1793), revolutionist of Gironde;
- Jean-Baptizes Jourdan (1762/1833), marshal of Napoleon (1804);
- Jean-Baptiste Dalesme (1763/1832), general of Napoleon {{Ier}};
- Martial Beyrand (1768/1796), Brigadier general, killed at the time of the Battle of Castiglione;
- Louis Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778/1850), born with Saint-Léonard-with-Noblat, chemist and physicist French;
- Thomas-Robert Bugeaud (1784/1849), Marshal of France (1843);
- Leon To mow (1803/1854), publicity agent and economist, minister under the presidency of Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte between 1849 and 1851;
- Sadi Carnot (1837/1894), president of the Republic;
- Jules Claretie (1840/1913), writer and historian;
- Auguste Renoir (1841/1919), painter;
- Leon Jouhaud (1874/1945), enameller;
- Georges Catroux (1877/1969), resistant general;
- Maryse Bastié (1898/1952), aviatrice;
- Georges-Emmanuel Clancier (1914), poet and novelist;
- Robert Giraud (1921/1997), poet, novelist, lexicologist;
- Roland Dumas (1922), former minister and former president of the Constitutional council;
- Edmond Malinvaud (1923), economist of world famous;
- Jacques Lacarrière (1925/2005), writer;
- Guy Salesse (1929), painter;
- Eve Ruggieri (1939), stimulating of radio and Télévision ( Eve tells on France Inter, Musiques in the middle on France 2;
- Roland Castro (1940), politician and architect, announced his candidature for the presidential elections of 2007;
- Xavier Darcos (1947), politician and essay writer, Minister for the Education of the government Fillon (2007);
- Alain Marsaud (1949), judge and politician, former chief of the Central service of fight against terrorism, former deputy of High-Vienna, former city council man of Limoges, general adviser of High-Vienna;
- Jan dau Melhau (1948), artist, writer and editor occitan;
- Michel Becquet (1954), musician, trombonist;
- Richard Dacoury (1959), basketball player, French sportsman more titrated (in collective sport), played Limoges CSP of 1978 with 1996.
- Laetitia Milot, (1980), French actress and mannequin, it with an important role in the serial of France 3, more beautiful the life.
Other personalities related to the commune
-
Raoul Hausmann, born in 1886 with Vienna (Austria), died in Limoges on February 1st, 1971, painter and actor of the movement Hobby-horse, taken refuge in Limoges since 1944;
- Henri Vergnolle, born in 1891 with Linards, architect in Paris which carried out the war memorial of Limoges; he was president of the municipal council of Paris of June 24th, 1946 until 1953;
- Adrien Tixier, born in 1893 with Insane and deceased in 1946, Minister of Interior Department of the general de Gaulle of 1944 with 1946, creator of the CRS and the DST;
- Marcel Champeix, born in 1902 with Masseret, died in 1994 with Limoges, Secretary of State in Algeria (1956-1957) and chair group PS the Senate of 1959 to 1980;
- Georges Guingouin, born in 1913 with Magnac-Laval, died in 2005 with Troyes, former mayor of Limoges and celebrates resistant;
- Jean Joyet (1919 - 1994), painter, engraver and sculptor of the School of Paris;
- Jean-Joseph Sanfourche, born on June 25th, 1929 with Bordeaux, painter and sculptor installed with Saint-Léonard-with-Noblat;
- Michel Denisot, born in 1945 with Buzançais, former radio operator freelance journalist of ORTF in Limoges, now pillar of Canal+;
- Patrice Carmouze, born in 1951 with Toulouse, stimulating TV and radio;
- Christophe Coin, born in 1958 with Caen, Violoncellist and Gambiste, director artisitic of the baroque Unit of Limoges;
- Geoff Bunn, born in 1963 with Birmingham, English artist installed since 2003;
- Agnes Clancier, born in 1963 with Bellac (High-Vienna), senior official and writer.
Also
-
the English rock group Prefab Sprout, and mainly its singer and type-setter Paddy McAloon, whose the first individual one was called L ions I N M there O wn G arden: E xit S omeone , Acronym in reference to the town of Limoges.
See too
Satellite sight WikiMapia
Related articles
- Gate of the Limousin
- High-Vienna
- Gate: High-Vienna
- French Highway A20
- Limoges porcelain
| Random links: | Béarn (aircraft carrier) | Three-dimensional radar with electronic sweeping | August 20th in the railroads | Gunnor of Normandy | Nettastomatidae | Gestion_de_valeur_gagnée |