Lignite

The lignite is a Sedimentary rock made up of remainders Fossile S of Plante S. It is a mediosilic rock between the Tourbe and the Houille.

The lignite is a coal composed of 50 to 60% of Carbone.

The lignite is used for the heating and to produce electricity, but it is containing hydrocarbon not very profitable, with the result that it is not transported generally or little.

Environmental impact

The mines with open sky consume space (25 000 ha in the Rhineland, of which 2/3 were given in culture, but on an upset ground). The mines require important pumpings (650 m3 of water to be evacuated per ton of lignite in certain German mines), which are responsible for an important cone of folding back which drains the neighborhoods and deprives the population of the ground water). A German mine must almost entirely destroy around 2020 4000 ha of a forest of European importance, already quoted 1000 years ago (the " forest of Hambach").
Brûler of the lignite implies important CO2 rejections, Gaz with greenhouse effect in the atmosphere. The lignite being in addition rich in Sulfide, it causes strong acid pollution responsible for Acid rains and exacerbating the mobility and the toxicity of the heavy metals also injected into the atmosphere.

Sources

Germany would be the first world producer (20% of which approximately 90% are burned to produce electricity, ensuring nearly 30% of German electricity consumption. The other large producer countries are the USA (10%) and Australia (8%).

In Germany, group RWE-RHEINBRAUN, subsidiary of holding RWE, in extract approximately 100 million tonnes/an in three mines with open sky in the Nordrhein-Westfalen (between Cologne, Aachen and Mönchengladbach). These mines are those of Hambach I, Inden I and II and Garzweiler I, which it is envisaged to exploit until about 2050, in spite of their contribution to the gas emission with greenhouse effect. The excavators go down up to 450 meters of depth in excavations several kilometers from broad. The machines advance while digging on a side and by filling other, which explains why the mine moves in the country.

In Australia, the State of Victoria would have 38 billion extractable tons of lignite (estimate of 2002), whereas the annual production is of 65 million tons coming to 98% from the valley Trobe (in the East of Melbourne).

Lignite (million tons) - May 2007:

See too

External bonds

  • Note relative to an Indian project 1000MW

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