Langres

Langres is a common French located in the department of the Haute-Marne and the area Champagne-Ardenne.

Its inhabitants is called the langrois and the langroises , or Lingons .

Geography

The city is located on the Plateau of Langres which allows the passage of the Paris basin the valley of the the Saone, close to the source of the Marne. It is thus on the line of the division of water of the basins of the Seine, the the Rhone and the Meuse.

The four lakes tanks: Lac of Bind, Lac of Vingeanne, Lac of the Fly and Lac of Charms was built in order to feed out of water the Canal of the Marne in the Saone.

Langres on Géoportail
Chart of Langres on Via Michelin
Satellite sight on Wikimapia

Localities and variations

Suburb of the Troughs, suburb of the Franknesses, suburb of Brevoines, Holy Saver, Arbelotte, suburb of Saint-Gilles, suburb of Buzon, Closes of Saint Anne, Ferme Seminar, suburb of the Moulin-Rouge, suburb of Louot, suburb of the 3 kings, suburb of the collinière, suburb Saint Didier.

Communes bordering

In the Canton of Langres:

the Balesmes-on-Marne, Champigny-lès-Langres, Chatenay-Mâcheron, Humes-Jorquenay, Peigney, Perrancey-the-Old man-Mills, Saint-Ciergues, the Saint-Vallier-on-Marne and Saint-Geosmes.

Administration

List of the mayors of Langres

General adviser: Jean-Marie Voillemin.

Sub-prefect: Philippe Harang.

Bishop of Langres: Philippe Gueneley.

History

Gallo-Roman time

Middle Ages

After the decline related to the invasions, the city finds a prosperity with the Moyen-âge thanks to the growing political role of its bishop S.

With the the Middle Ages, Langres was the center of a immense Diocèse extending in the beginning on three provinces - Champagne, Burgundy and Franche-Comté - seat from a county as of the first times from monarchy. Some of its bishops were imperial police chiefs ( Missi dominici ) under Charlemagne. The bishops obtained the right of coinage at the 9th century and the authorization to name the military governor of the city in 927. The évêché of Langres became a duchy peerage about the 12th century: the bishops were at the same time Duc S and even of France.

The disorders of lead the city to reinforce its fortifications. Langres passes under royal supervision.

Rebirth

The Renaissance gives again prosperity at the city which sees building the most beautiful civil buildings, religious and soldiers who remain today.

Charles IX passes in the city at the time of royal sound Tour de France (1564 - 1566), accompanied by the Cour and Large by the kingdom: his/her brother the duke of Anjou, Henri de Navarre, cardinal of Bourbon and Lorraine.

XIXe century at our days

At the 19th century, a Citadelle “with the Vauban” comes to extend the strengthened field. It is circumvented by the Prussians at the time of the war of 1870

In 1972 Langres absorbs the commune of Corlée.

Two famous characters are native of Langres: Jeanne Mance born in 1606, first American Northern laic nurse and cofondatrice of the town of Montreal and Denis Diderot, Philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment, born in 1713, project superintendent of the Encyclopedia .

Today, Langres is a town of Art and Histoire, with important a architectural inheritance historical and . Since 2006, the setting in light of the principal monuments makes it possible to create a new atmosphere as of laying down it sun.

Langres in the encyclopedia Diderot

Monuments

Langres is classified town of art and history.

the Gallo-Roman Triumphal arch (towards 20 before J. - C.): today included in the ramparts, it is the single visible part of the decorative monuments of the Gallo-Roman time.

Photographs

the fortifications, of which part of type Bastion born: 3,5 km altered by the military Engineering. The ramparts of Langres were built over 2000 years. They cover 3,5 km, making the turn of the old city with its seven strengthened towers, its six doors and the Gallo-Roman door reminding that Langres was, the 2nd century, the capital of the people of Lingons, with:

the Citadel: structure bastionnée built fine 19th century. Sit of the Turenne barracks; “3.000 men in 1870”; 21 {{E}} IH; 711e CME.

the Turn of Navarre and Orval (1511 - 1519): together defensive and diameter of 30 meters, in the south-west of the city, inaugurated by François the Ist Navarre tower 20 height meters has some 7 meters thickness walls and includes/understands two stages. It was covered as of the 19th century of an imposing frame in chestnut (visible of the interior) and of a conical roof. The tower of Orval places a revolving slope in order to serve the Navarre tower; ;
the door Henri IV (1604 - 1846) ;

the tower Saint-Ferjeux (1472): built on order of Louis XI, it protected south-east from the city. It is the first tower of artillery allowing the shooting on 360°. It comprises two stages of casemates intended for the origin to receive Couleuvrine S, with compartments with powder and ammunition. It was restored in 1842 ;

the tower of Small Sault (1517 - 1521) was built to protect the Western accesses from the city. Surrounded by 8 meters thickness walls, it is conceived to receive guns at various levels. A 5 meters broad staircase, starts on a large cylindrical central pillar supporting the four vaults on intersecting ribs of the first salle ;
the tower Saint Jean (1540): the interior, partly filled, presents nothing any more but one low arched room, while the upper part forms a home of two stages. Formerly, the terrace could receive guns protecting the city on the northern side. It was transformed into military dovecote after the war of 1870 ;
the door of the Mills (1647): they were for a long time the single Southern access of the city. It was bored at the origin of three openings (1 door central charretière and 2 doors side pedestrians), before preserving that two identical passages. The roof is made up of tiles in bois ;
the door of the Composts: also called Neuve built by the genius in 1848 carries to also make junction with the door of the mills (in the south of the city) has two porch in the West of the ville ;
the Boulière door in the West of the ville ;
the door Skirt-Carries to the North of the ville ;
the Turn Virot ;
the door of the town hall: The North-West of the city, strengthened in 1592 and rebuilt in 1750, its guardroom of the door of the Town hall (1620)

the town hall (1776 - 1783): gift of the King Louis XV, built with the site of the old house of city, it was several times devastated by fires, whose most serious of 1892 was that. Remarkable elements:

the triangular pediment supported by four Corinthian columns, drawn up above a perron of the staircase with double flight. It is carved of a cartouche to the weapons of the city. Repair in 1893

the hospital of Charity: the current hospital of Langres is a public corporation of health founded at the 12th century, which knew with the wire of the time of many architectural reorganizations. Most remarkable date from the end of the 18th century (gate, vault in 1770).

the church Saint Martin's day (12th century - 15th century): original and complex, it presents 5 naves arched on intersecting ribs. Following a fire, the frontage and the bell-tower (bell-tower) were rebuilt between 1728 and 1745.

Châteu of the Mount (15th century): the civil construction most important of the still visible Middle Ages. A tower othogonale contains a staircase; each side is separated by a buttress and each stage underlined by a moulding and waste-gas mains.

Guardroom of évêché with the lake of Bind in background (East coast of the city).

House Rebirth, 10 rue Saint-Didier: frontage with order and stressed on three stages by successively Ionian, Corinthian and composite columns, planks and waste-gas mains.

Hotel of Breuil of Saint-Germain (1760 - 1850).

the Diderot college and its vault (1770): old college of the Jesuits where Diderot made its studies.

the cathedral Saint-Mammès and his cloister (current public library).

the vault of Annonciades: vault of the old monastery of the nuns of Annonciade. This building shelters objets d'art crowned. Specific exposures recall the considerable radiation of the diocese of Langres during many century. You will discover two exposures there: one recalling the life of the nuns of Annonciade de Langres and the second presenting, within the framework of the year saint-Bernard, the order of the monks cistercians with many memories of the Abbey of Morimond.

the Museum of Art and History of Langres

Public garden Claude-Henriot (1830): created on the site of the church Saint-Pierre Saint-Paul, the public garden was decorated of a bandstand (1890), of a statue of Jeanne Mance de Cardot (1968).

Walks of Blanchefontaine.

Gallery Photographs

Structures of transport

The train with toothed rack (1887-1971)

See also: Train with crémaillière of Langres

In order to facilitate the rise between the Station of Langres and the old city, the municipality decided the construction of the first train with toothed rack of France, over a length of 1.500m.

It was with vapor of 1887 with 1935 electric then of 1935 with 1971, year when it was removed because of its outdatedness.

old the electric toothed rack was moved towards the municipal workshops for its Voir restoration the article on the newspaper of the Haute-Marne after which it tightened reinstalled has its emplacemement origin.

It is a service of because urban which now connects SNCF railway station to the city

The panoramic funicular (1995)

Taking into account the evolution of the modes of displacements and superabundance of cars the funicular was installed on another site on the rampart in 1995, by the municipality of Guy Baillet, to connect the city in these ramparts to the carpark Under-Bie downwards and makes it possible to the motorists to park their vehicles apart from the city while remaining very close.

It is based on the same principle as that of Montmartre to Paris and was built by the Skyrail company.

The small tourist train

It should be noted that exists also a small tourist train (tyred) allows the tourists to make the turn of the ramparts sitting with the diffusion of comments by a loudspeaker.

http://www.tourisme-langres.com/langres,-ville-d-art-et-d-histoire-en-petit-train-touristique_fr_01_04.html

Administration

Demography

v. 1882:

Population: 10.376

1990 :

Population without double accounts: 9.987
municipal Population: 9.983
Total population: 11.026

1999 :

Population without double accounts: 9.586
municipal Population: 9.585
Total population: 10.392

Cassini has a history of the censuses of Langres since 1794: to see http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/6_index.htm?indexdep

Events

Museum of art and history. Entry and free visit Cartography and historical photographs of Langres. Exposure from January 14th to December 15th, 2006: The invention of a country is without end. Old charts, description SIG.
(Fr) http://www.linventiondunpays.com
(Fr) http://www.interbibly.org
the festival of the halberdiers http://www.hallebardiers.com/
1965 2005: 40 YEARS of International Friendships EXPO Langres Montreal Jeanne Mance Saint-Ferjeux Turn From June 17th to July 3rd, 2000 of 15:00 to 19:00.

Twinnings

triangular Jumelage enters the towns of Langres, Ellwangen and Abbiategrasso

Celebrities

Jeanne Mance (Langres 1606 - Montreal 1673), first North-American laic nurse, founder of the Hospital of Montreal and Co-founder of the town of Montreal (Quebec, Canada).

Richard Tassel, painter.

Jean Tassel (Langres 1608 - Langres 1667), painter.

Claude Gillot (Langres 1673 - Paris 1722), painter, engraver, decorator of theater and illustrator.

Denis Diderot (Langres 1713 - Paris 1784), philosopher

Quotation : “The inhabitants of Langres have spirit, education, cheerfulness, promptness and the trailing speech. They have books, they read and do not produce anything. Their city is well walled. They have the convenience, winter like summer, to make the turn of the covered ramparts of it. ” Denis Diderot, Voyage in Langres , 1770.

Jean Sleeping bag (1485 - 1570), Engraver.
Etienne Jean Bouchu (Langres 1714 - Arc in barrois 1773), mechanic-chemist. He collaborated in the Encyclopedia of Diderot, in particular for the articles on the manufacture of iron.

Antoine Besancon (1731-1811), sculptor.

Jules-Claude Ziegler (Langres 1804 - Paris 1856), painter, ceramist and sculptor. He painted the cupola of the Madeleine in Paris.

Jean-Baptist-Stanislas-Martial Migneret (Langres 1809 - Montmirey-the-City 1884), lawyer, administrator. Prefect of the Haute-Garonne of 1852 to 1855 then Prefect of the the Low-Rhine until 1865.

Jules Louis Gabriel Rapes (Langres 1841 - Fixin 1923), physicist and academician.

Gastronomy

The city gave its name to a cheese: the Langres.

Economy

It has an antenna of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Haute-Marne.

Hotel trade-restoration

Hotel restoring of Europe.
Hotel restoring of the Gold Lion.
Hotel restoring of the White Horse.
Restaurant Jeanne d' Arc.
Hotel restoring the Marmots.

Industries and undertaken

Plasturgie, Teflon, rubber, compact discs, cutlery, metallurgy, mechanics, car, data processing.

Freudenberg, Fuesas, Plastic Omnium, 3P, Printing works of Champagne, Graglia, Horiot father and wire, Miquée, Doc. Dated, Stramare, FMS, OgerDécoration, Entrin 52, Doras Elce materials, Fontana Top Ground, MGCA, Aluc, Morisot, Wall It, Petit, Dedome, Thirion, Déchetterie, OgerPropreté…

See too

Diocese of Langres

External bonds

Town hall of Langres
the webtv of langres
feudal currencies of Langres
the Community of communes of Star of Langres
Blazons - Évêché de Langres
Langres on Geneawiki
Langres on the site of the national geographical Institute
Langres on the site of INSEE
Langres on the site of Quid
Localization of Langres on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane on Langres on Mapquest
http://www.tourisme-langres.com/
http://www.pays-langres.fr/index.php
http://etoile27.free.fr/etoile27/site/dep-20070621_depart.htm

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