Kiev

Kyïv (Київ - Ukrainian Kyïv in , Киев - Russian Kiev in , Kijów in Polish) is the Capitale and more the big city of the Ukraine, it is also the chief town of the area and one of the oldest towns of Ruthénie (in the broad sense).

The old city is built on hills overhanging the river Dniepr ( Dnipro in Ukrainian).

The current city extends on two banks from the river, close to its confluence with the Desna. It counts 2,6 million inhabitants.

From the administrative point of view, Kyïv is a municipality independent of the Oblast of the same name and managed at the national level. However, the government of the oblast is located in the city. Kyïv is a center industrial, scientific, cultural and of education important of Eastern Europe. It is the seat many companies of high technology, university institutions, museums universally known and artistic institutions.

The city has a wide and very developed infrastructure which includes/understands inter alia the network of the subway of Kyïv.
The city indeed has a system of three lines of Métro an overall length of 54,8 kilomètres.
In May, the visitors of Kyïv can discover the festival of the Printemps.
The weekends, the streets of the downtown area ( Khreshchatyk ) are closed with the traffic of the vehicles to the profit of the pedestrians.

History

The big city of Kyïv, was founded by the khazars; Kyïv is a Turkish name (KIYI=rive and EV=emplacement or house).
During its history, Kyïv, one of the more old cities of Eastern Europe, passed by several stages, of the size until a relative darkness. The city was probably founded at the 5th century and functioned like commercial pole between Constantinople and the Scandinavia.

In 882, Kyïv was taken by Oleg (in Ukrainian Oleh ), a Varègue, the successor of Riourik, prince ( kniaz ) of Novgorod and it became the capital of the first State ruthene (the Rus' de Kyïv, also at the origin later of the Russia).
Greek Christianity was introduced there little time afterwards by Olga (or Olha ), the regent of Kyïv (945 - 964); then it was imposed by Vladimir Ier (980 - 1015), considered as the true founder of the empire of Kyïv.

In 1169, the city was plundered by André Ier Bogolioubski and was ransacked by the Coumans in 1203.
In 1240, Kyïv was taken then destroyed by the Mongolian of Batu Khan.
In 1361, it was conquered by Olgierd, a Lithuanian prince, and was attached to the Lithuania which, from the Union of Lublin in 1569, itself was attached to the Poland.
In 1648, with the assistance of the Tatars, the Cosaques were raised against Poland and formed an Ukrainian State of which Kyïv formed part but in 1654, after the withdrawal of the tatare assistance, the Cossacks sought an alliance with Moscovie and lent allégeance.
to him The fastening of Kyïv to Moscovie was made in 1667 by the Traité of Andrusovo.

At the 19th century, Kyïv took a certain rise thanks to the development of the Railroad. In 1834 was founded the Université of State de Kyïv which was going to become the Tarass-Chevtchenko.
University In 1917, after terrible combat between Bolshevik S and nationalists, Kyïv became the capital of the new Ukrainian Republic formed by Petlioura. In 1919, the city falls to the hands from bolcheviks.
In 1934, it became the capital of the Socialist Soviet republic of Ukraine.

During the Second world war, Kyiv was occupied by the German September 19th 1941 with the November 6th 1943, date of the resumption of the city by the Red Army . The city was seriously damaged by this occupation.

The September 29th and 30th 1941, in a ravine located at Babyn Yar (Babi Yar in Russian) close to Kyïv, the S massacred the Juif S remained in Ukraine; the others had been moved beyond the the Ural by the Soviet troops during the year 1941. The number of victims of this massacre is known little about, but the figures vary from 3.000 to 300.000 (see Massacre of Babi Yar).
At the end of the war, Kyïv accepted the title of Ville Hero, as well as Odessa and Sébastopol, other Ukrainian cities to have received this title to commemorate wild resistance opposite to the German troops.

After 57 years as a capital of the Ukrainian Soviet socialist Republic of the Soviet Union, in 1991, Kyïv became the capital of the Ukraine independent.

Monuments

The Cathedral Holy-Sophie de Kyïv, started in 1017 and completed in 1037, was conceived to emulate the splendor of the Byzantine churches. Although it is devoted to “holy wisdom”, like large the Cathédrale of Constantinople, the building has a form very différente.
Rather than a simple hemispherical dome rising above the body of the building, Holy-Sophie has 13 domes in the onion shape. The central dome is a little larger than the others and it is gilded since recent restorations.

Buildings

  • Turn of television of Kyïv

Universities

Twinning

Kyïv is in partnership with

Personalities born in Kiev

  • Ahad Ha' amndt Thinker and Hebrew writer, born with Skvira, area of Kiev, established in Palestine

  • Anne of Kiev queen of France, marries of the king Henri Ier

  • Mikhail Boulgakov Writer Russian

  • Irina Dvorovenko American Ballet dancer of Ukrainian origin

  • Levi Eshkol Politicking Israeli, Prime Minister of Israel, born with Oratov, area of Kiev

  • George Fiala Canadian Type-setter

  • Jaroslaw Iwaszkiewicz Polish Writer
  • Mikhail Koltzov Writer and Russian journalist

  • Serge Lifar Ballet dancer and French choreographer of Ukrainian origin

  • Golda Meir Woman political, Prime Minister of Israel

  • Aleksander Mossolov Type-setter Russian

  • Mila Yovovich American Actress of cinema

  • Mark Grigorievich Krein Ukrainian mathematician

  • Nakhum Nardi Israeli Type-setter

  • Irene Nemirovsky French Woman of letters

  • Olga Arsenyevna Oleynik Mathematician Russian

  • Alexander Ostrowsky Mathematician Swiss

  • Mikhail Rostovtseff Historian Russian-American

  • Oleksandr Mikolaiovich Sharkovski Ukrainian Mathematician

  • Igor Sikorsky American Engineer, manufacturer of helicopters and planes

  • Mikhailo Stelmakh Ukrainian Writer

  • Yevghenya Vlassova Pop singer

  • Boris Yefimov Russian Caricaturist

  • Nathan Yonathan Israeli Hebraic Poet

  • Mordekhay Zeira Israeli Type-setter of songs

Gallery

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