Karlsruhe

Karlsruhe is a town of Germany, located in the Land of Bade-Wurtemberg. It is the seat of the German Constitutional court ( Bundesverfassungsgericht ) and of the Federal court of justice (Bundesgerichtshofs).

Founded in 1715 by the Margrave Charles-Guillaume de Bade-Durlach, Karlsruhe is the old capital of the Grand-duché of Bade.

The Ville was destroyed to 80% during the Second world war. The majority of the buildings recent or are thus rebuilt, including the castle, after the Guerre. This exemplary rebuilding allowed a urban structure very ventilated, which respects the initial plan of the traditional city, with broad rectilinear ways, the axes on the basis of the castle are oblique according to the plan of this building whose wings are in range compared to the central body. If one follows one of these ways one very quickly draws aside adjacent streets at the beginning.

The old French orthography is Carlsruhe .

History

The Margrave Charles-Guillaume de Bade-Durlach founded the town of Karlsruhe the June 17th 1715 by posing the first stone of the castle of Karlsruhe in the forest, with the accesses of Durlach. It is also him which gave its name to Karlsruhe ( Karl : Charles; Ruhe : rest). The celebrity of the city is due to the hémi-circular plan of the city extending vis-a-vis the castle, during city being a park giving on the forest until the the Rhine, on the other side of the castle.

After its foundation, Karlsruhe became the residence of the margraves de Bade-Durlach, as well as large-dukes of Bade starting from 1806.

In 1825 was founded the Polytechnikum , embryo of current the Université of Karlsruhe, by the Large-duke Louis de Bade. In 1846, one of the first bodies of voluntary firemen was born in the district of Durlach. The November 4th 1876 the first symphony (C-minor, COp 68) of Johannes Brahms was played in the city. The Tramway of Karlsruhe circulated for the first time the January 21st 1877.

After the revolution of 1918, Karlsruhe became capital free State of Bade and remained it until the end of the Second world war. After the war, Karlsruhe was attached to the Land Wurtemberg-Bade created in 1952.

Within the federal republic, Karlsruhe became the city of the right: in 1950, the Court of appeal ( Bundesgerichtshof ) came to settle there. The September 28th 1951, it was with the tower of the Constitutional court ( Bundesverfassungsgericht ). Of 1952 with 1972, Karlsruhe was the chief town of the district ( Regierungsbezirk ) of Bade of North. Since January 1st 1973, the city is the chief town of the district of Karlsruhe.

The April 7th 1977, the federal public prosecutor Siegfried Buback, accompanied by its driver and a civil servant of justice, was assassinated whereas it went to its work, by Terroristes of the Red Army Fraction.

Transport

Karlsruhe has a transport system very developed for an agglomeration of this size. Karlsruhe is indeed the first city to have developed a Tram-train serving all the area since the hypercentre thanks to the use of the regional railways by the urban trams . This system is commonly called the “Modèle of Karlsruhe” (in German: ) and interests many cities in Europe. Success is such as a problem of capacity (in particular along Kaiserstrasse) is posed. To cure it the population voted following a referendum in 2002 the construction of a tunnel under Kaiserstrasse permetrant to increase rate, but the details of the project were not distinct yet.

Karlsruhe is served by the Autoroutes A5 (Alsfeld - Basle), A8 (Saarbrucken - Rosenheim), A65 (towards Ludwigshafen) and is near the French Autoroute A35 (going towards Strasbourg, and joining the highway of the East towards Paris).

The station of Karlsruhe is relatively important. Since June 2007 TGV on the basis of Stuttgart stops in Karlsruhe, thus connecting Paris in 3:05 (against 5:05 before).

Karlsruhe is located near the Aéroport of Frankfurt (easily atteignable in the train) and of the Aéroport of Stuttgart. A construction project of a common airport between Strasbourg and Karlsruhe had not succeeded, Karlsruhe has nevertheless since 1996 a regional airport in the vicinity (Aéroport of Karlsruhe Baden-Baden).

Karlsruhe has the 5th larger port Germany ().

Universität Karlsruhe (TH)

The Université of Karlsruhe, founded in 1825 on the model of the Polytechnic school in France is the oldest technical university of Germany. More than 16.000 students study there on a campus of 67 hectares. The University of Karlsruhe developed these last years a certain number of courses Bi diplômant with French universities of engineers, of which in particular ENSAM, ENSIIE, INSA and INPG.

Leisures and events

The African culture is present in Karlsruhe in July of each year with the African Summer Festival which is held in the Northern district of the city. During three days, a market, demonstrations and courses of percussion S and concerts follow one another. In July also is held a festival open-air called annually Das Fest .

The Linux Audio Conference is held each year in Karlsruhe. In the past, the city also accommodated the LinuxTag , more the great event related to Linux in Europe.

The city is finally one of the first in the world to have organized a race of bicycle clothing-optional , known under the name of Nackt Radtour .

Museum

Mayors

Twinnings

Sport

Personalities related to the commune

In Karlsruhe were born: In Karlruhe died:

Note

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