Julien Delière

Julien Delière (1758 the Bourgneuf-the-Forest - † 1796? the Bourgneuf-the-Forest) was a chief Chouan of the Mayenne during the French revolution.

Biography

The little which we know of Julien Delière is provided to us by the files. Born on May 20th, 1758 with the Bourgneuf-the-Forest, former soldier with the regiment of Infantry of the king ( Royal infantry ), under the knight Charles de Bailly, in the company of Beausset, it left us two letters of its guard, one dated December 27th, 1790 and received whereas it was with Varennes, the other, former, in which Mr. De Bailly asked to him whether it intended to return to the army. One raises in his antecedents only his military service, his stay during " six or seven mois" at Mr. Bouteiller, with Dompierre-of-Way, and the quality of carpenter whom it allotted.

It is not very probable that it was, as one generally sees it written, garden or domestic of the castle of Fresnay. We find it in 1793 in the National guard of Ferns, not that it was enlisted there, but because it replaced at this station the sior Bouteiller, owner of the castle of Haris, in Dompierre-of-Way, (Ille-et-Vilaine.)

It seems to have taken part in the confusion of the house of the surgeon Jean Sauvé, on June 29th, 1792 with Bourgon. This one, as his/her father are about the only patriots of the commune and copiously hated. They announced to the authorities of the " rassemblements" with the farm of the Knighthood, on their commune to which some would belong " Pouteau" or " Poteau" , which would be Julien Delière.

Following a night ambush around the farm, it is stopped on September 9th, 1793, with the Knighthood , commune of Bourgon at Renee Gasté, widowed François Lelièvre, his cousin originating also in the Bourgneuf-the-Forest. Vêtu of one delivered of servant, it does not pass unperceived and is the subject of a interrogation on the spot. It had come to rest following a chest complaint and nasty wound caused, according to its declarations, by a blow of forgery. It would have remained at another relationship of Launay-Villiers, Jeanne Lelièvre, at whom it claimed to have been domestic. It is thus very little probable that it took part in the Affaire of Brossinière with the brothers Cottereau and Pinçon, or with that of Bréal, the following day. At all events, it is strongly suspect, of the only fact that it carries on him two letters of the knight of Bailly, and because of this clandestine stay since May, following a wound which it did not make look after by a surgeon.

See also: Business of Brossinière

Presented to the judge of the canton of Juvigné, Jean-François Marie, on September 12th, it is transferred in the prison from Ernée and is presented to the jury of charge chaired by Collin. It will undergo several interrogations without its situation being cleared up.

September 16th, the administrators of the district of Vitré forward to those of the district of Ernée a request without continuations of transfer of Julien Delière to Vitré so that the witnesses (the Sauvé citizen, its wife and its two daughters) can recognize it, being in the incapacity to go to Ernée.

September 20th, 1793, Hake, judge of charge of Ernée, which does not believe only one word of what Delière tells him, addresses a mail to the sior Rotureau, ordering a detachment of the National guard of Fougères. This one assure him the following day that Julien Delière belonged to the detachment which has had well to walk on Luitré and that it had left his use of servant at the sior Bouteiller " at the holy weekend ".

Kept like " suspect" in the prison of Ernée, it is joined soon by Jean Pinçon, as well as many other inhabitants of Bourgon and servants of the castle of Fresnay. However this prison is considered to be if not very sure that all the prisoners are transferred to Saint-Denis-with-Gastines with the approach from the Vendéenne army. They will be released at the time that passage of this one in the department of Mayenne.

A question remains outstanding: Did Julien Delière take any leaves in Chouannerie? The parts relating to it are available to the Departmental records of Mayenne and we will not take party. Two versions exist: one historical, the other arts person, that it is that of the abbots Angot or Gauguin or that of Victor Hugo. This last was documented really little on Chouannerie. The part which it makes play Delière does not resist the examination of the facts. Its work " Quatrevingt-treize" swarm with unhappy inventions, of which more striking are the localization of the captains of parishes like " the exécution" parish of Bourgon in 1793, or the existence of true underground cities in the forests of the area. All this concerns the pure literary fiction.

Literature

There, it is put in relation to Rouërie and Gavard , becomes one the their most dedicated agents, and takes share with Jean Chouan with the first engagements (Bourgneuf, battles of the moor of Olivet); he is chief, with Cottereau and Pinçon, which does many chiefs, of a detachment of 25 men with Bréal on June 19th 1793, captain of company to the Bourgneuf as from the summer 1793 (NOT: PATIENT THEN IMPRISONS.), confirmed in this rank in October 1793 following the Vendéens. “shown to have taken share with the insurrection or provided subsistence to the Cottereau X, said Chouan S” . Transferred to Laval then with Ernée, it was still slackened. During the countryside of in addition to-Loire (Transfered of Galerne: October-December 1793), it followed the Vendean ones to Granville, the Mans, the head of the company of Bourgneuf, and returned then to the country. (Fables of Duchemin-Descépeaux.)

Lieutenant of Jean Chouan since the death of François Cottereau (February 1794), he is then chouan chief of the troop of the Bois of Misedon, and sent by Jean Chouan to the gathering of the wood of Saudraie the July 20th 1794, organized by Jambe of Money. (Fables of Duchemin-Descépeaux.)

Jean Chouan indicates it while dying (July 28th 1794) like able and worthiest to replace it. After the death of Jean Chouan, Michel Morière disputed the command to him. There were finally agreement and division of the authority.

To avoid any conflict with other chiefs, especially with Michel Morière, it passes, as captain of the Bourgneuf, under the orders of the colonel of Pontbriand , which calls it “the brave man Delière” .

It operated sometimes as captain of company of the Low-Maine to the Armée with Chouans with Rennes and Fougères, with the beginning of 1796, under the command of Mr. de Couësbouc, but was used in division as Fougères under Chalus, said Constant .

It delivered the canton of Bourgneuf of a band of brigands which devastated it, but one of them, which had managed to escape, went to denounce it with Laval, led a mobile column soldiers of the republican captain Jean-Daniel Œhlert against his small troop, of which it knew the retirement, and Julien Delière was killed, in January 1796, the weapons with the hand.

Quatrevingt-Treize

Its exploits were used for Victor Hugo for his novel Quatrevingt-Treize:
Will know initially that monseigneur the marquis, before being locked up in this tower where you hold it blocked, distributed the war between six chiefs, its lieutenants; it gave to Delière the country between the road of Brest and the road of Entrée; with Treton country between Roë and Laval; with Jacquet, known as Taillefer , the edge of the High-Maine; with Gaullier, known as Large-Pierre , Castle-Gontier; with Lecomte, Craon; Ferns, with Mister Dubois-Guy, and all the Mayenne with Mister de Rochambeau; so that nothing is finished for you by the catch of this fortress, and that, at the time same as monseigneur the marquis would die, the Vendée of God and of the King will not die.

See too

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