The term Judeo-Christians has several directions

• It was popularized by Karl Marx which creates it to discredit civilization victorienne, i.e. that of its time.
• It indicates also the Christian first , not only those of Jewish origin which observed the regulations of the mosaic law (Circoncision, interdicts food, observance of the Sabbath, festival of Pessah). They were called the judaïsants . To say that the first two century old Christians were with the margins of the orthodoxe Christianisme would be reducing because an orthodoxy is set up in Christianity only as from the 4th century

History

Jacques the Juste, the “brother” of Jesus quoted in the New Testament and the judaïques Antiquities of Flavius Josèphe ( Ant. jud. , XX, 197-203), were most important representing Judeo-Christianity at apostolic times although he admitted that the pagan converts were not held to subject itself to the same requirements as the Jews:

“This is why I am of opinion that one does not create of the difficulties to those of pagan which convert with God, but that one writes to them to abstain from the stains of the idols, the impudicity, the choked animals and blood. Because, since many generations, Moïse has in each city of people who preach it, since it is read the every day of Sabbath in the synagogs. ” ( ac 15,19)

With its death in 62, brought back by Flavius Josèphe ( Ant. Jud. , XX, 200), the Église of Jerusalem from which he was the chief would have been directed by Siméon who was him also a “brother of Jesus”, a cousin, according to Eusèbe de Césarée ( Histoire ecclesiastical , 2,23; 3,11,32).

During the time which preceded the Jewish war by 66 - 70, the community Judeo-Christian of Jerusalem took refuge with Pella in Transjordanie ( Hist. eccl. 1,5), then dispersed. “Its later history is obscure”.

As Marie-Francoise Baslez underlines it: “although local traditions remain which affirm the maintenance of a community Judeo-Christian until the second Jewish revolt of Bar Kochba, in 153, Jerusalem ceased being one of the centres of gravity of Christianity”.

The Judeo-Christianity was maintained in various groups that one names Nazaréens and ébionites which is distinguished from the majority Christian current. The primary source on their subject is the Panarion of Épiphane de Salamine which tends to confuse them and reports that they observe “the law, the circumcision, the Sabbath and the remainder”. In also some testify Apocryphes ( Évangile of Nazaréens , Évangile of Ébionites , Évangile of the Hebrews ) of which there remain only fragments.

According to Edouard Marie Gallez, many passages of the Coran show the bond between these Eastern currents and the Islam of Mahomet at the 6th century.

This sect was condemned by Ignace d' Antioche in his apostolic letters: “It is absurd to speak about Jesus-Christ and judaïser. Because it is not the Christianity which believed in the Judaism, but the Judaism with the Christianity, in which met any language which believes in a God.” (Letter with Magnesian the)

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