Sir Joseph Norman Lockyer or Norman Lockyer (May 17th 1836 - August 16th 1920) is a scientist, popularizer, and British Astronome . It is credited with Jules Jansen for the discovery with the Hélium and is the founder of the review Nature .

It has like another characteristic to be a scientist “amateur”, his trade original being to be a civil servant with the ministry for British defense.

Biography

Lockyer is born with Rugby in the Warwickshire. After followed studies of a Swiss voyage in and France, it works with the War Office.

It settles with Wimbledon in the south of London after its marriage with Winifred James. Astronomer enlightened amateur with an private interest for the physique of the Sun, Lockyer becomes director of the solar physics laboratory of Kensington.

In 1860 it is fascinated by the electromagnetic spectroscopy like analytical tool to determine the composition of the celestial objects. Lockyer identifies a yellow band in the electromagnetic Specter of the Sun which the scientists of the time regard as coming from a known element. For Lockyer this band suggests the existence of an unknown light element. Jules Jansen had already made this observation independently little of time before and had arrived at the same conclusion. Lockyer and Edward Frankland baptize this element Hélium of the Greek photogravure meaning Sun. The prefix um is added because Lockyer considers that this element is metal, this error of name was never corrected. The discovery of Lockyer and Jansen was confirmed in 1890. It takes part in many forwardings, all over the world, in order to follow the solar eclipses.

To facilitate the communication between scientists, Lockyer launches the review Nature in 1869 of which there remains the only editor until in 1919 little before its death. He also writes and made many conferences intended for the general public.

After having taken its retirement in 1911, Lockyer establishes a observatory close to its house with Salcombe Regis in the Devon. Known at its beginning as the Hill Observatory it is famous Norman Lockyer Observatory after its death. The observatory forms initially part of the Université of Exeter but is now had by the Norman Lockyer Observatory Society . There exists also a pulpit Norman Lockyer of Astrophysique at the university of Exeter.

Lockyer dies at his place in 1920.

Publications

• Elementary Let us injure in Astronomy (1868-1894)
• Questions one Astronomy (1870)
• Contributions to Solar Physics (1873)
• Star-Gazing, Past and Present (1877)
• Studies in Spectral Analysis (1878)
• Report to the Committee one Solar Physics one the BASIC Lines Common to Spots and Prominences (1880)
• The Movements off the Earth (1887)
• The Chemistry off the Sun (1887)
• The Meteorite Hypothesis (1890)
• The Dawn off Astronomy (1894)
• The Sun' S off Places in Nature (1897)
• Recent and Coming Eclipses (1900)
• Inorganic Evolution ace Studied by Spectrum Analysis (1900)
• The Influence Brain Power in History (1903)
• Stonehenge and Other British Stone Monuments Astronomically Considered (1906; second edition, 1909)
• Education and National Progress: Essays and Addresses, 1870-1905 (1907)
• Surveying for Archœologists (1909)
• Tennyson ace has Student and Poet off Natural (1910)

Others

Two crater S, one on the the Moon and one on Mars bear its name.

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