Jiang Zemin

Jiāng Zémín (Chinese simplified 江泽民, traditional Chinese 江澤民), born the August 17th 1926, is a Chinese statesman, which was president of the Popular republic of China between 1993 and 2003.

Originating in the coastal province of the Jiangsu, it makes studies of engineer in electricity at the Jiaotong University of Shanghai. It adheres to the Chinese Communist party (PCC) in 1946 whole while continuing a career of engineer and technical leader. Its opening within the apparatus of the Party is late: he is vice-president of the Commission on the overseas investments of 1980 to 1982 and successively vice-minister then electronic Minister of Industry.

In 1985, he becomes mayor of Shanghai then, in 1987, general secretary of the Committee of the PCC of the city. The same year, at the time of the XIII {E} Congress, it enters to the political office of the Central committee. In June 1989, it succeeds Zhao Ziyang as general secretary of the PCC, but this station is much less important on the political plan than in Soviet Union.

Jiang Zemin supports the repression of the Manifestations of the place Tian' anmen in 1989, which is worth to him the admiration of Deng Xiaoping. This last, which does not have any more a real function, remains nevertheless the strong man of the country. He then entrusts to Jiang Zemin the posts of General secretary of the Chinese Communist party and of president of the military Commission, the most important stations in communist China.

Jiang Zemin, which carried out until there a discrete career, abruptly becomes the strong man of the country. In 1993, it reaches the position of president of the State and concentrates all the capacities. Deng Xiaoping being always alive, Jiang Zemin continues the policy of opening and reforms of its predecessor. Under its mandates, it attends the retrocession of Hong-Kong and Macao. Its desire was to also recover Taiwan.

In 1998, Jiang Zemin prohibited as a chief of the Party renewal of the mandates of the current persons in charge, which also involves its retirement for 2003, date on which it gives his attributions of General secretary of the Party and President of the State to Hu Jintao, his Vice-president of the State, which was elected by the Popular national assembly.

Like its predecessor, Jiang Zemin chose to leave carefully while supervising its successor. It is what explains why it preserved the presidency of the central military Commission until 2004. Moreover, before passing the relay, it named several of its close relations, pertaining to “the band of Shanghai”, at important stations in the Chinese political institutions and soldiers. An additional argument, with its personality and its experiment, to still preserve an influence in the decisions of the Party and the State.

See too

History of the Popular republic of China

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