Jacques-Antoine Manuel

Jacques-Antoine Manuel (1775-1827) is a lawyer and French liberal politician of the beginning of the XIXe century.

Youth

Handbook was born on December 10th 1775 with the hamlet from Conchette, close to Barcelonnette, in the Vallée of Ubaye. He is member of a family of magistrates of the valley. He has many brothers and sisters.

After the equivalent of the elementary school passed in the valley, it is placed at the convent of Doctrinary, Nimes. However, in spite of good performances, it stopped its young studies, at 14 years.

After its time of service in the revolutionary army, it left to work some time in Italy, as merchant at a member of his family.

It found shortly after its vocation: lawyer, trade in which he excelled. Initially with the Worthy court of , in the department of the the Low-Alps. Then in 1798, it have a post office at the Court of Appeal of Aix-en-Provence, where he was made a reputation and a small fortune. It integrated the fashionable company of the city, and poursuiva its rise until in 1811 where it was elected with the Council of the Order.

Military life

In 1793 it enlisted in the army. It was integrated into the army of Italy, and its courage was worth to him to become officer. It took part in particular in famous the Bataille of the Bridge of Arcole, under the command of Bonaparte. However, a little later it was wounded and due being returned to the civil life.

Political life

Its famous lawyer work led it to be interested in the policy, but without intention to take part in it. In 1815, it was elected appointed the Low-Alps in spite of him , but ends up accepting it. This first experiment was short, the Room having been dissolved. It have difficulties because it was so that Napoleon II succeeds his father, and not Louis XVIII. It begun again then its work of lawyer but with Paris.

In 1818, it was re-elected appointed, but curiously not of the Low-Alps, but of the Finistere and the Vendée. It then joined with Louis XVIII, but as a liberal, eager to preserve all the political and social conquests of the Révolution. Large speaker, his opinions were worth many enemies to him among the deputies extremists. He became the friend of the liberal Louis-Adolphe Robin-Morhéry.

Re-elected appointed of the Vendée in 1820 and 1823, the ultra deputies asked for his exclusion on February 27th, 1823. Indeed, this day there he made a speech on the forwarding of Spain, in which some transfer a justification of the forfeiture of Louis XVI in 1792, by comparison with the situation of the king of Spain in 1823. Although denying oneself such a goal, Manuel was officially expelled of the Room. Facing its forfeiture, it returned the following day. He pronounced his famous sentence then:

" Mr. the President, I announced yesterday whom I would yield only to violence, today I come to hold my word ".

It was necessary to call upon the gendarmerie to expel it of force, and Handbook was ovationné by crowd while leaving the Parliament.

He was not re-elected appointed any more with the following elections and died in Paris on August 20th 1827. Its funeral procession was accompanied by several tens of thousands of people. His/her appointed colleague, Auguste de Schonen, lute a speech whose publication was worth continuations with the editor and the printer. It is buried with the cemetery of the Père Lachaise.

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