Islamic Jihad

The Islamic Jihad {in Arab: Harakat Al-Jihad Al-Islami ) is the name used by a great number of islamist groups militant.

The first appearance of Islamic Jihad is the claim of the Attentat which had aimed the American embassy at Beirut with the Lebanon the April 18th 1983, made by some " organization of Jihad islamique" (called in English IJO for Islamic Jihad Organization ). This same group will also assert the double Attack-suicide October 23rd 1983 against quarterings American and French with Beirut, respectively on the international airport of Beirut and the hotel Drakkar.

According to Robert Baer, the IJO would be only one group of old Fatah directly with the orders of the Iran by the interlude of the pasdarans Iranian, and directed by Imad Mougniyah. This group, under other names, would be also responsible for the diversion of flight TWA the 847 June 14th 1985 and would be related to the removal of Soviet diplomats in Lebanon at the same time (attack asserted by the Islamic Liberation organization, name which was used only on this only occasion).

This same name was taken again by other organizations. It was in particular used during removals from abroad (primarily American and French) in Lebanon in the Eighties, removals made by the Hezbollah (see Liste of the hostages of Hezbollah in Lebanon). Certain American hostages were sequestered with the Sheik-Abdallah barracks of Baalbek, which was then occupied by the pasdarans. The attempts at negotiations between the United States and Iran led to the Affaire Iran-Countered. The Hezbollah also used this name to assert some of its attacks to the Lebanon, in Europe and with the the Middle East in the years 1980.

The current use in the Western countries is to use this name to indicate the Islamic Jihad Palestinian, based with Damas in Syria, because it is most known of the islamist groups using this name, being given the press coverage which is made on the israélo-Palestinian Conflit. But it should be noted that there exists also a Islamic Jihad Egyptian and a Yemeni Islamic Jihad.

See too

Sources

Robert Baer the fall of the CIA: memories of a warrior of the shade on the faces of Islamism (transl. Daniel Roche of See not evil , Three Rivers Near, New York, 2001), collection Folio documents, Gallimard, 2002 ISBN 2-07-042854-0

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