Honore Charles Reille

Honore Charles Michel Joseph, count Reille (born on September 1st 1775 with Antibes - died the March 4th 1860 with Paris) was a Marshal of France.

He finished his studies in a particular teacher and entered to the service like pomegranate to the 1^er battalion of the Var the 1^er October 1791. He was second lieutenant with the royal regiment of Hesse-Darmstadt (94^e infantry) the September 15th 1792. He made his first campaigns in Belgium and was with the combat of Rocoux, of Liege, with the battles of Nerwinde, etc

Raised with the rank of lieutenant, in reward of his courage, the November 27th 1793, it was named captain the May 23rd 1796, assistance-of-camp of the general Masséna the November 5th of the same year, and attended the businesses which brought the catch of the forts and the Reddition of Toulon; it accompanied this general in Italy, was announced to the various combat which took place before the taken of Saorgio, carried out a brilliant load under the general Scherer the 2 frimaire, showed intrepidity with Montenotte, with Dego, Lodi and the first Bataille of Rivoli, where, wrapped by the enemy, by recognizing the course of the Adige, it was done day through many battalions; it acquired a new glory with Ballano, with Saint-Georges, on the Brenta, where it was wounded, with Caldiero, with Arcole, Favorite the, Bellune, Freymar and Tarvis. With this last business, charging a regiment with cavalry, almost all the horses fell down at the same time, and fights it which continued with foot finishes by the catch or the death of this regiment. Created provisional major, on the battle field, the January 7th 1797, it was recognized in this quality the May 23rd according to by the general-in-chief of the army of Italy and city.

After the Treated of Campo-Formio, Masséna having obtained the command of the Armed with Helvétie, Reille was named adjudant-general (February 15th 1799), and accepted order to recognize all the passages of the Rhine, since the Grisons until the Lac of Constancy, as well as the positions of the enemy; the plan of countryside was regulated on its reports/ratios.

It fought with Coire, with Feldkirchen, Luciensteidt, close to Zurich and with Schwitz. The general Oudinot having been wounded, it replaced it in the command of his troops, crossed the first the Limat, entered Zurich with Masséna and made prisoners by continuing the enemy. He covered the retrograde movement of the French troops at the time of the attacks directed against Suwarow in the Muttenthal, and took an active share with the battle where the prince Talinsky was killed.

When Masséna went to Genoa as general-in-chief, it ordered in Reille to recognize the positions of the French Army, since Nice until the Mount-Cenis, and this officer answered perfectly the confidence of his chief. He carried to the first Consul an interesting report/ratio, served some time near him, and mapped to the Masséna general of the countryside. Reille spent the night in the middle of the English fleet which blocked Genoa, escaped from fire from the batteries, the launches which continued it, and entered this city the 12 floréal. It distinguished with combat from 21 and with that of 23 on Mount Creto, where it succeeded the general Spital who was wounded, and divided the glory of the blockade.

Returned to France in August 1800, it turned over in Italy with crack corpses to the orders of Murat, ordered from Florence, was chief of staff of an army of observation, and assistant manager of general staff of the French Armies in Italy.

The August 29th 1803, it was named Brigadier general, was used with the Camp as Boulogne, was sent, a little later by the first Consul, in Bavaria and Austria, in order to observe the military movements of the enemies. Of return to Paris, it was charged to inspect the organization of the troops coming from Saint-Domingue. This fulfilled mission, it obtained under the Général Lauriston the command as a second of the troops embarked with Toulon, on the fleet of the admiral Villeneuve and attended the combat of the Finistere. It left the fleet with Cadiz and joined the large army for the Campagne of Austerlitz; during this program, it ordered in high the Austria, in 1806, a brigade of the 5^e body which went in first line to the Combat of Saalfeld and with the Bataille of Iéna.

With that of Pultusk, its brigade inserted the center of the Russians, and it was named major general the December 30th 1806; the general Gudin having been wounded, it took his place, and a few days after the marshal Lannes chooses it for its chief of staff. Being with the left of Ostrolenka, at the time when the Russians attacked this city, Reille hearing a sharp cannonade, there went and found the brigades Ruffin and painfully committed Campana with all the Russian army: it took care of the command of these brigades, and preserved the city, in spite of the attacks of the enemies who had quadruple forces and 30 pieces of artillery against 6. However the Russians penetrated twice in Ostrolenka, but they were crushed, and there left more than 400 dead, 700 wounded and 300 prisoners. This day when Reille united intrepidity with prudence, decided the Emperor to make his assistance-of-camp (May 13rd 1807) and to charge it with it with attending the Siège of Stralsund.

After the Peace of Tilsitt, he became extraordinary police chief in Toscane, from where he left for the Catalogne, where he announced his arrival by the lifting of the seat of Figuières, the seat and the catch of Roses of which it formed the garrison when the general Saint-Cyr military school entered in Catalogne. In September 1809, it was named ordering 1^er body of the Armée with the North of Spain. Sent to the large army, the Reille general was able there to attend with the passage of the the Danube and the Bataille of Wagram, where it ordered the division of the Guard charged to support the battery of 100 parts of gun of the Lauriston general.

Informed of the unloading of the English in Zealand, the Emperor entrusted to the Reille general one of the three formed army corps of Bernadotte. From Zealand it turned over in Spain as governor of the Navarre (May 29th 1810), beat Mina with the Carascal, Serin, and destroyed, with two companies of hussards, three Spanish battalions. The marshal Suchet not having enough forces for the Seat of Valence, Reille there went with the division of his name, division Severoli, and contributed to the catch of this place.

Reille ordered as a chief, in Aragon, the body of the Èbre (January 26th 1812) until the October 16th 1812, time when it accepted the command of the Armée with Portugal, strong of 30.000 men. The king Joseph Bonaparte having taken the resolution to concentrate all his forces in front of Èbre, the Reille general evacuated the provinces which it occupied and moved towards the heights of Pancorbo, by supporting the shock of the enemies and by preserving its positions. The armies of the Center and Portugal, being gathered in Pancorbo, one held a council of war to decide which position one would take. The Reille general proposed to join together all the troops available, amount with 70.000 men, and to take the line of operations by Logrono and Navarre; but one judged in connection with not leaving the road of France, and Wellington having prevented the gathering of the French troops which were only of 33.000 combatants, when it had 90.000 of them, the French were attacked and beaten. Reille was defended with 7.000 men against nearly 20.000, and withdrew itself only by order.

In these last operations against the English, the united Spaniards and Portuguese, it ordered the French right wing (July 6th 1813), fought on the Bidassoa, in Navarre, with Orthez and Toulouse.

After peace, he married the girl of Masséna. With the Restoration (1814), it was named general inspector of infantry of the 14^e and 15^e divisions. To the March 31st 1815, it was sent to Valencian to take there the command of the 2^e army corps, fought with the Four-Arm and Waterloo, where it had two horses wounded under him.

The July 30th 1823, the Reille general was named Member of the Commission of defense, which commission was not formed; and the February 17th 1828, it belonged to the Superior council of the war.

The November 15th 1836, it was elected president of the Committee of the infantry and of the cavalry, and, the September 17th 1847, the king Louis-Philippe Ier raised it with the dignity of Marshal of France; it was already Pair of France.

The June 15th 1804, this officer general of a so high distinction was commander of the Legion-D' Honor; it was created large officer the July 29th 1814 and Grand Cross the February 14th 1815.

The June 27th of this same year, it had been named knight of Saint-Louis.

It is, moreover, member of the Ordre of Seraph of Sweden, of the Couronne of Iron, Saint-Henri of Saxony, and commander of the military Ordre of Bavaria.

In 1852, it was elected Senator of the the Alpes-Maritimes. He died in 1860 with Paris and was buried with the Cimetière of the Father-Lachaise in the same tomb as Masséna.

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