See also: Henri, Henri Ier

Henri 1st of Hesse known as the Child or the Young person born on June 24th, 1244 with Marburg, dead on December 21st, 1308 with Marburg, is Landgrave of Hesse of 1275 with 1308.

Family

He is the son of Henri {{II}} and of the langravine Sophie de Thuringe (dead in 1275), girl of the landgrave Louis {{IV}} of Thuringe (death in 1227).

Henri 1st of Hesse marries in 1263 Adélaïde of Brunswick (dead in 1274), girl of Othon {{Ier}}.

Seven children were born from this union:

• Sophie de Hesse (1264 - 1331), in 1276 it marries the count Othon 1st von Waldeck (death in 1305)
• Henri de Hesse known as the Young person (1265 - 1298), in 1290 he marries Agnès of Bavaria (dead in 1345), girl of the duke Louis {{II}} and of Mathilde de Habsbourg.
• Mathilde de Hesse (1267 - 1322), in 1283 it marries Gottfried VII, count von Ziegenhain (death in 1304), widow it marries the count Philippe von Falkenstein (death in 1324)
• Adélaïde de Hesse (1268 - 1315), in 1284 it marries the count Berthold d' Henneberg (death in 1340)
• Elisabeth de Hesse (1269 - 1293), in 1287 it marries the count Jean 1st von Sayn (death in 1324)
• Othon {{Ier}}, landgrave of Hesse

Widower, Henri 1st of Hesse marries in 1276 Mathilde de Clèves (dead in 1309), (girl of the count Thierry VII of Clèves).

Seven children were born from this union:

• Elisabeth de Hesse (1276 - 1306), in 1290 it marries the duke Guillaume {{Ier}}, then in 1294 it marries the count Gerhard von Eppestein
• Agnès de Hesse (1277 - 1335), in 1297 it marries the burgrave Jean 1st of Nuremberg (1279 - 1300), (wire of Frederic {{III}} of Nuremberg), (dynasty of Hohenzollern)
• Jean de Hesse (1278 - 1311), landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, in 1306 it marries Adélaïde of Brunswick-Göttingen (posterity)
• Louis de Hesse (1283 - 1357), it enters the orders and is bishop of Münster
• Elisabeth de Hesse (dead in 1308), in 1299 she marries the count Albert de Görtz
• Catherine de Hesse (dead in 1322), she marries the count Othon V of Plassenbourg (death in 1318)
• Jutta de Hesse (dead in 1317), in 1311 she marries Othon of Brunswick-Lunebourg (1290 - 1344)

Biography

In 1247, Henri Raspon, successor of his brother Louis {{IV}} dies without heirs. A conflict is declared for the succession of the landgravat of Thuringe and Hesse. While Sophie de Thuringe, girl of Louis V and niece of Henri Raspon, claims the succession, Dietrich de Meissen, brother-in-law of Henri Raspon claims the possessions in the name of his/her son, the margrave Henri de Meissen, wire of Jutta de Thuringe, sister of Henri Raspon. The archbishops of Mainz also claim the landgravat of Hesse which was a stronghold of the archbishop's palace, they require the return of Hesse to the Prince-bishop of Liege. Sophie de Thuringe with the assistance of the nobility succeeds in spite of the pressure of her cousin Henri de Meissen preserving the landgravat of Hesse.

In 1264 takes place the division, Henri de Meissen receives Thuringe, Henri 1st inherits Hesse. In 1265, the archbishop of Liege Werner von Eppenstein accepts the conditions of the division of 1264 by the signature of the treaty of Langsdorf, by this treaty the archbishop declares himself man-liege of Henri 1st of Hesse and recognizes it like landgrave of Hesse.

In 1264 the landgravat of Hesse includes/understands the Wolfhagenn, the Zierenberg, the Eschwege, the Asfeld, the Grunberg, the Frankenberg and Biedenkopf. The same year it acquires the county of Gleiberg, the county of Tübingen. In 1277, Henri 1st of Hesse installs the government of the landgravat of Hesse and its residence with Kassel and Marburg, city where his/her holy grandmother Elisabeth is buried.

Henri 1st of Hesse undertakes the construction of the castle of Marburg.

Herni 1st of Hesse entered in conflict with the lord and archbishop of Liege concerning the territory of Naumburg. Rodolphe 1st of Habsbourg refuses the application of the landgrave of Hesse and entrusts the territory to the archbishop, in spite of the assistance which the landgrave brings to the king at the time of the war against Ottokar {{II}} and its support at the time of the conquest of Vienna. In 1276, Rodolphe {{Ier}} restores the rights of Henri 1st of Hesse on the possession of Naumburg.

In 1290, Herni 1st of Hesse gains the victory of Fritzlar over the archbishop of Liege, Werner von Eppenstein. Henri 1st of Hesse can enter in possession of the territory of Naumburg.

Henri 1st of Hesse gives up the duchy of the Brabant but supports his nephew, the duke Jean {{Ier}} in his fight against Gelders and the Luxembourg in the war of succession of the Limbourg.

May 12th, 1292 Henri 1st of Hesse is made prince of the kingdom by the king of Germany Adolphe de Nassau.

By a skilful diplomacy it acquires the towns of Sooden-Allendorf, Kaufungen, Witzhausen, Immenhausen, Grebenstein, Wanfried, Staufenberg, Trendelburg and Rheinhardswald.

In 1292 bursts an internal conflict concerning the succession of Henri 1st of Hesse. Mathilde de Clèves requires a share of the succession for its sons; Otto 1st of Hesse and Henri de Hesse, wire of the first bed require the exclusion of their half-brothers of the heritage. A civil war bursts, it lasts until the death of the landgrave Henri 1st of Hesse.

With died of the landgrave, her possessions are shared between Otto 1st of Hesse which receives Hesse with Kassel, Jean de Hesse receives Hesse of north around Marburg as for Henri the young person it dies at the time of the conflict.

Henri 1st of Hesse is buried with the church of Holy-Elisabeth with Marburg.

Henri 1st of Hesse belongs to the first branch of the Maison of Hesse, itself resulting from the first branch of the Maison of the Brabant.

Internal bonds

• Grand Duchy of Hesse