Henri Duchêne
Henri Duchêne is a Psychiatre French deceased in 1965. It was one of the principal organizers of the regrouping of psychiatrists who, of practices and horizons as various as Julian de Ajuriaguerra, Claude Bernard, Lucien Bonnafé, Georges Daumezon, Henri Ey, Follin, Fouquet, Jacques Lacan, Guillant, François Tosquelles, jointly worked out the conditions of an institutional and therapeutic revival (group of Sevres).
Author of the work " Try Mental Hygiene in the psychiatry of secteur" (commonly called " Duchêne" report/ratio;) where it released the broad outlines of a mental health policy in the department of the Seine. This report/ratio presented to the congress of Turns, in 1959, made it possible to release the idea that the same medico-social team was to deal with the whole of the psychiatric needs for a population, this project having to find a support legal in a national regulation.
It is in the department of the Seine that Doctor Henri Duchêne ensured starting from 1943, a Service of mental Hygiene with the assistance financial of the Allowance office family, dealing primarily of the Children and the Alcoholics. This Service functioned until November 1955, date on which were opened, on an experimental basis initially, of the consultations for adults in a modest room with Vincennes.
In its work " Mentally ills in France under the occupation nazie" , Dr. Bailly-Saline Pierre notes the essential searchs for Henri Duchêne on the psychiatric surmortality during the Second world war in France: “It was immediately after the war that Henri Duchêne psychiatrist attached to the National institute of Hygiene carries out, under the inspiration of Hazeman, a serious study of this on-mortality in the Psychiatric hospitals. Having entered deaths per year it compares those with the figures mortality of the pre-war period, taken as figures of reference. It leads to an exorbitant figure of 40.000 died “in excess “, a figure of 48.000 will be advanced much later by a historian. The study of Henri Duchêne to simple but rigorous methodology avoids the trap seeing allotting to other causes the deaths of this surmortality. While not basing itself on the diagnoses Duchêne studies this surmortality like a whole and returns the psychiatric hospitals to their past as to a fact global." Philippe Sollers evokes to him also this study and this macabre accountancy in the pages which it devotes to Antonin Artaud ( the festival with Venice Gallimard 1991).
Several specialized establishments bear the name of this psychiatrist: Center Henri Duchêne with Aubervilliers; Center Henri Duchêne with Choisy-the-King; Hospital of Day Henri Duchêne in 3rd to Paris.
Doctor Henri Duchêne is the uncle of the advertizing executive and organizer of automobile competitions French Patrice-Henry Duchêne.
Work
- Henri Duchêne, extra-hospital public psychiatric Services , in Congress of psychiatry and neurology of French language, 58e session, Turns, Masson, 1959.