The Guyana or Guyana, officially the co-operative Republic of Guyana, is the only state of the the Commonwealth located in South America. Located in north of the equator but in the tropics and has coasts on the Ocean Atlantique. Guyana is surrounded in the east by the Suriname, in the south and south-west by the Brésil and in the west by the Venezuela. It is the third smaller country of South America and it belongs to poorest. It has roughly the size of the Great Britain. Guyana is the only South American country whose official language is the English, and is one of the last two countries on the America continent whose control is made left side.

The Guyana means “abundant water ground” in Amerindian. The country is characterized by its vast tropical forests dissected by the many rivers, splits and falls of water, in particular the falls of Kaieteur on the river of Potaro. The Tepuy S of Guyana are famous to be the inspiration for the novel of Arthur Conan Doyle, Le Monde lost (Arthur Conan Doyle) in 1912.

History

When the first Europeans arrived in the sector around 1500, Guyana was inhabited by the Arawaks, the tribes of the Caribbean Peuple and Amerindian. Although the Guyana was seen for the first time by Christophe Colomb during its third voyage (in 1498), it was not colonized by Europeans before the Netherlanders do not establish there in 1616 three separate colonies; Essequibo (1616), Berbice (1627), and Demerara (1752). The command was assumed by the British towards the end of the eighteenth century and the Netherlanders formally yielded the territory in 1814. In 1831, the three territories became only one and even known British colony under the name of British Guyana. This one reached independence in 1966 under the name of Guyana.

In 1974 is created the community Jonestown with ten kilometers of Port-Kaituma by the reverend Jim Jones. This community of the Secte of the Temple of the People returns in the history the November 18th 1978 by the collective suicide of 914 people including 276 children.

Policy

See also: Political of Guyana

Subdivisions

See also: Areas of Guyana, Subdivisions of Guyana

Guyana is divided into 10 areas.

Geography

See also: Geography of Guyana

The landscape of Guyana can be roughly divided into three areas;

  • a narrow marshy plain along the Atlantic coast ,
  • a white sand belt inside the country with the Virgin forest and the majority of the ore layers, and finally
  • the broadest part of the country made up of mountains and savanna. The highest point is the Monte Roraima culminating with 2.835 meters.

The principal rivers are the Essequibo, the Demerara, the Corentyne and the Berbice.

The local Climat is tropical, i.e. hot and wet, however moderated by the winds of exchange of the North-East along the coast. Two rain seasons ago, the first of May mid-August, the second of mid-November at mid-January.

Land borders

Economy

See also: Economy of Guyana

The principal cultures are those of rice, of the cane with sugar, the coffee and citrus fruits. The mineral resources are: bauxite, manganese, gold and diamonds. Exports: bauxite, manganese, invaluable stones and rum. Imports: foodstuffs and oil.

Demography

See also: Demography of Guyana

Culture

See also: Culture of Guyana

Other statistical data

Population: 697  181 inhabitants (in 2001). 0-14 years: 28,19%; 15-64 years: 66,89%; + 65 years: 4,92%
Surface: 214  970 km ²
Density: 3,2 hab./km²
Littoral: 459 km
Ends of altitude: 0 m > + 2  835 m
Life expectancy of the men: 61 years (in 2001)
Life expectancy of the women: 66 years (in 2001)
Growth rate of the population: 0,07% (in 2001)
Birth rate: 17,92 ‰ (in 2001)
Death rate: 8,87 ‰ (in 2001)
infantile Death rate: 38,72 ‰ (in 2001)
Fertility rate: 2,1 children/woman (in 2001)
Rate of migration: - 8,38 ‰ (in 2001)
Independence: May 26th 1966 (old British colony)
Telephone lines: 70  000 (in 2000)
Cellphones: 6  100 (in 2000)
Radios: 420  000 (in 1997)
Television stations: 46  000 (in 1997)
Users of Internet: 3  000 (in 2000)
Many suppliers of access Internet: 3 (in 2000)
Roads: 7.970 km (including 590 tarred km) (in 1996)
Railways: 187 km
inland Waterways: 5  900 km
Many airports: 51 (including 6 with tarred tracks) (in 2000)

Codes

Guyana has as codes:

See too

Related articles

External bonds

  • Official site of the government of Guyana

  • ministerial Official site of Tourism of Guyana
  • Official site of the President of Guyana

Reference

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