Gustav Stresemann

Gustav Stresemann is a German politician having been Chancelier of Reich (May 10th 1878 with Berlin - October 3rd 1929 with Berlin.)

Under the Empire

After studies of economy to Berlin and Leipzig he becomes adviser in 1901 near the industrialists in Saxony. It is interested in the policy and becomes member of the Parti national liberal in 1903, initially city council man with Dresden, then, in 1907, appointed with the Reichstag for the district of Annaberg in Saxony. At the time of the elections of 1912, it loses its seat. However, in December 1914, Gustav Stresemann enters again to the Reichstag. It engages for the interests of industry but also for social questions, it wants reforms parliamentary.

During all the war, he believes in the victory of the Germany, and openly supports a nationalist policy and annexationist. Its goal is a larger Germany . As a monarchist, it badly accepts the defeat of the Hohenzollern and the Traité of Versailles

After the war

After the refusal of the Democratic party of Germany (DDP) to accept Stresemann in its leading authorities, it is one of the founders in November 1918 of the German Popular party (DVP) to which adhere a certain number of the members of the old liberal national party, industrialists, professors of university, upper middle class. He is member of the Reichstag of 1920 until 1929.

In full crisis of the occupation of the Ruhr by the French and Belgian troops, it is named Reichskanzler (Chancelier) the August 13rd 1923 and it then forms a government of great coalition including/understanding SPD, Zentrum, DDP and DVP. The September 28th 1923 is proclaimed the end of the passive resistance.

Realpolitik

The November 23rd 1923, SPD shift the Stresemann government. Nevertheless, Gustav Stresemann will remain until its death, minister with the Foreign affairs, in spite of eight governmental rehandlings.

The goal of its foreign politics remains identical, as before and during the war: a strong Germany in Central Europe, maintaining within the framework of the new political situation. For this purpose, it follows a policy of agreement with the winners, in particular the France.

The “national Realpolitik ” of Stresemann succeeds and led to several agreements and treaties, making it possible the Germany to again enter on the international scene.

  • In 1924, the Plan Dawes allows rééchelonnement payment of repairs and to stabilize the situation in Germany. The foreign assets flow, ensuring the modernization of the factories. The production, exports and the wages increase.
  • In October 1925, are signed the Accords of Locarno, which guarantee the respect of the borders between the Germany, the Belgium and the France.
  • Gustav Stresemann signs the April 24th 1926 the Traité of Berlin between the Germany and the the USSR.
  • the September 9th 1926, Germany between with the Company of the Nations (SDN). In December, the Foreign Ministers Aristide Briand and Stresemann receive the Nobel Prize of peace.
  • Stresemann is one of the signatories of the Pacte Briand-Kellogg in August 1928 which prohibits the recourse to the Guerre.

The death of Stresemann, the October 3rd 1929, is a heavy loss for democratic Germany. This large speaker, very intelligent, nationalist and monarchist rejoined with the Republic deeply marked the Weimar Republic. He played a paramount role for a bringing together with the France.

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