Guaraní
See also: Guarani
The Guarani form an Amerindian group of populations born from the areas Amazonia of the Brésil and Paraguay, of language guarani.
They form a company which interested the Anthropologue S much, in particular Pierre Clastres, which noted that there existed in this culture no " État" and that if the tribe had a chief well, that this one did not have any coercive capacity. Moreover, apparently, it does not represent any individual. It is through this chief that are held the exchanges of goods or women for example.
This analysis is criticized by the anthropologist Jean William Lapierre for whom the existence of a political power does not require the force inevitably: there exist other forms of more subtle constraints. This last observes that the rites of Initiation of the beginning of the Adolescence are very hard, taking the appearance of a kind of Torture. He concludes from it that the chief does not need to make respect the Tradition because this one is atavistic.
Finally he criticizes the idyllic reading of Pierre Castres for whom it does not have there differentiation between all and sundry: the men have the right of life and of died on their wives.
Second element, there exist " chiefs of chasse" who form a kind of Aristocratie, it is them which elect the chief. With final there exists well a political power but diffuse. It is thus necessary to speak in term about gradation about the capacity.
Shortly after the decision, in February 2007, of the government of the State of the Mato Grosso C Sul to cease providing an food aid to the Guarani Indians of Brazil, two children died and several tens of others were hospitalized continuations of acute malnutition. After the scandal, in 2004, death of 21 children, this food program had been set up to help the most stripped families. Guarani occupied 8 Mha of forests in Mato Grosso C current Sul. Expelled by the growers of Soya and the stockbreeders of Cattle, the 30.000 Guarani remainders live in over-populated campings. In 2005, they had alerted the authorities on the fact that malnutrition and misery were related to the lack of ground: " One cannot discuss this problem as if it were simply about " to give to eat in Indiens". We were free people in a generous environment. Today, our life depends on the assistance of the government. This paternalist policy does not enable us to open out as people. We must make revive our grounds; they must be officially recognized by the government, and their invaders must be driven out about it. "
See too
Internal bonds
- Amerindian Abaangui
- Mythology guarani
External bonds
- Guarani, Ava - Joshua Project
- Guarani, Bolivian - Joshua Project
- page of international Survival devoted to Guarani