Grunge
Grunge is an English word which means “filth”, where more precisely “the crusts and deposits which accumulate around the not washed toes and under the nails”. This term was utlisé to indicate an alternative of the independent Rock American particularly influenced by the Punk rock'n'roll, which developed throughout the Années 1980, then which exploded in the Années 1990 with the great success met by certain groups originating in the area of Seattle, Washington, in particular Nirvana.
The grunge is not a musical style as well as a particular atmosphere; musicalement, the grunge could be qualified of “energetic rock'n'roll”, tended, with distortion. But what perhaps gathers more the various rock groups thus indicated is the expression exacerbated in the texts as in the compositions of their song of a major discomfort, of an absence of reference mark in the american company of the beginning of the year 1990, a fold on the individual in hillock with the company, shouting its rage, reducing in drugs or flirtant with the idea of dead: omnipresent topics in the songs of Nirvana, Alice In Chains or to a lesser extent of Pearl Jam. The grunge was also perceived like the music of a generation, sometimes qualified “X generation”. The independent label Sub Pop made it possible to diffuse locally groups like Melvins, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, Mudhoney, Tad, Swallow, Dickless, Green River, Alice in Chains, Screaming Trees like some female groups such as L7, Babes in Toyland, Lunachicks or Hole, well before the majors are interested in it.
This movement also developed at the same moment on the east coast of the United States, in particular with Boston (Massachusetts), with in particular of the groups like Dinosaur Jr, Sebadoh, Throwing Muses, The Lemonheads, The Breeders, Pavement, Sonic Youth or the Pixies, or with Chicago with the Smashing Pumpkins. It should be noted the influence of Sonic Youth in the mediatization of Nirvana (belonging to the first rock groups independent to have signed with a major, it is them which recommended Nirvana to their recording company Geffen).
The musical references of these groups are varied: since the Rock'n'roll psychedelic (Pink Floyd, The Doors, Jimi Hendrix), the Hard rock (Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, AC/DC, KIS), the heavy metal (Black Sabbath, Metallica), the music Punk and Post-punk (Iggy Pop and its Stooges, Sex Pistols, Television, The Clean, Sonic Youth, Killing Joke) or the American Musique Folk.
But more especially Neil Young and her famous Crazy Horse considered by much as being godfathers of Grunge.
Success innatendu of the album Nevermind of Nirvana in 1992 propelled the scene of Seattle under the fire of the projectors. The movement grunge to some extent was used as makeshift when it was caught up with by the industry of the disc, at one period when the market was in fall.
In Cartoon, the movement grunge is represented by Peter Bagge with Haine (Cupula ED. 1998, Barcelona).
In Literature, the work of reference on this spirit “slacker” is Génération X of Douglas Coupland.
The Cinéma also has depicts the daily life and the grunge spirit which reigned in Seattle with the beginning of the year 1990 in Singles of Cameron Crowe (1992). The original soundtrack of this last comprises many pieces of the grunge groups and the film proposes extracts in concerts in club of Alice In Chains and Soundgarden.
Lastly, the look grunge was recovered by the women's magazines and the high-seam the one season time.
The explosion of the grunge caused the birth of a heap of group which took the train moving, with more or less of talent, that one can describe as “post-grunge”. Among those, one can quote the Foo Fighters of the old beater of Niravana Dave Grohl, or the teenagers of Silverchair. But does the success of this music have also permi the mediatization of groups to guitars not grunge such as for example Therapy?, Nine Inch Nails or Rage Against The Machine.
Chronology
- 1970 :
- 1981 :
- 1984 :
- 1985:
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- 2002 :
Even if the apogee of the grunge passed for a long time, certain groups continue to compose, turn, like Pearl Jam. This movement has without any doubt left its mark in the music rock'n'roll contemporary, American particularly. One finds his influence in the repertory of many groups: Audioslave, Incubus, Staind, Tool, Creed, Machine Head, Stereophonics, Nine Black Alps, off Puddles Mudd, Deadwoods, Lawn Of Dog, Smile Empty Soul…
Career of the independent groups
Note : the groups in green do not exist any more. The groups out of orange are always active (state in 2006). The gray band represents a possible continuation in the future.
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bar: GR2PJ from: 1/1/1983 till: 1/1/1987 color: defunct text: " Green River "
bar: GR2PJ from: 1/1/1988 till: 1/1/1990 color: defunct text: " Mother Coils Bone "
bar: GR2PJ from: 1/2/1990 till: 1/1/2006 color: activate text: " Pearl Jam "
bar: GR2PJ from: 1/1/2006 till: 1/1/2008 color: projection text: " "
bar: Mudhoney from: 1/1/1988 till: 1/1/2006 color: activate text: " Mudhoney "
bar: Mudhoney from: 1/1/2006 till: 1/1/2008 color: projection text: " "
bar: Soundg from: 1/1/1984 till: 1/1/1997 color: defunct text: " Soundgarden "
bar: supergroups from: 1/1/1990 till: 1/1/1991 color: defunct text: " Temple off the Dog "
bar: supergroups from: 1/1/1994 till: 1/1/1995 color: defunct text: " Mad Season "
bar: ScrTrees from: 1/1/1985 till: 1/1/1996 color: defunct text: " Screaming Trees "
bar: ScrTrees from: 1/1/2000 till: 1/1/2001 color: defunct text: " (meeting) "
bar: AIC from: 1/1/1987 till: 1/1/2002 color: defunct text: " Alice in Chains "
bar: AIC from: 1/1/2005 till: 1/1/2006 color: activate text: " "
bar: AIC from: 1/1/2006 till: 1/1/2008 color: projection text: " (meeting) "
bar: Nirvana from: 1/1/1987 till: 1/1/1994 color: defunct text: " Nirvana "
bar: Tad from: 1/1/1988 till: 1/1/1999 color: defunct text: " Tad "
bar: Hole from: 1/1/1989 till: 1/1/2002 color: defunct text: " Hole "
bar: STP from: 1/1/1990 till: 1/1/1997 color: defunct text: " Stone Temple Piles "
bar: STP from: 1/1/1999 till: 1/1/2004 color: defunct text: " STP (meeting) "
bar: Paw from: 1/1/1991 till: 1/1/2000 color: defunct text: " Paw "
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Anecdotes
From or the word “grunge comes”?- End of the year 1980, the journalist Bruce Pavitt, cofounder of the independent label Pop Sub, uses the first the English term “ grunge ” (which indicates the Mycose S between the toes) to qualify the music of the groups of the area of Seattle (Washington):
According to other sources, it is the Mudhoney group which would have raised this word in an Australian fanzine.
Internal bonds
- List of groups grunge
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