Grosbliederstroff

Grosbliederstroff (German Großblittersdorf ) is a common French located in the department of the the Moselle and the conurbation of Saarbrucken-Forbach. Near Saarbrucken (4 km), Sarreguemines (7 km) and Forbach (12 km), the commune is served by the Tramway connecting Saarbrucken to Sarreguemines. It is also connected to the highways A4 and A320 like with the German highway network.

History

Prehistory

Archaeological discoveries let think that Grosbliederstroff and its surroundings were inhabited as of the paléotique one: discovered tooth (Hanweiler) and bones (Spicheren, 1931) of mammoth or elephant (Cocheren, 1866), several flint weapons.

Celts and Gallo-Romans

As of the 3rd century, Grosbliederstroff was populated by the Celtes, the Ligures then the Gaulois. In the national forest of Grosbliederstroff, one finds one of oldest the necropoles of the cruel invasions The village is served by a Roman way. Under the Francs, the village belonged to the Austrasie.

Blithario Villa

The first known written mention of Grosbliederstroff, goes back to 777 with the will of the Fulrad Abbot - abbot of Saint-Denis and adviser of Charlemagne, under the name of Blithario Villa. By this will, preserved at the Public records in Paris, fulrad léga of the territories located in the current areas of Lorraine, the Saar, Alsace, Souabe and the Brisgau.

The name of Bilthario Villa refers to the field of a Germanic man of the name of “Blithar” or “Plidher”.

After the Treated of Verdun (843), Grosbliederstroff is attached to the Lotharingie, then with the Saint Empire Romain Germanique.

Destruction, Plague

Grosbliederstroff was set fire to by the troops of Albert de Brandenbourg in 1553, then destroyed by the army Suédoise during the Guerre Thirty Year old. This destruction followed by an epidemic of Peste into 1637 made considerably fall the population.

XVIIIe century

Bliederstroff was a locality including/understanding the current village of Grosbliederstroff on left bank of the the Saar and the town of Kleinblitersdorf on Right Bank. “Large” German prefixes (: large) and “German klein” (: small) having been introduced only when the village was divided by a border. These prefixes in turn were francized (prefixes “small”, “large”, “the large one”) and were germanisés (“large”, “klein”). The parish of Blittersdorf depended on the abbey on prémontrés of Wadgassen (the Saar) since 1253.

The Vault Holy-Cross was probably built during the crusades although its first written mention goes back only to the 17th century.

The parish church such as it exists today - built on the basis of vault was built in 1745. The presbytery, the ossuary, the cemetery (detached of the church) date from the same time: at the 18th century, the population went back to grow and Bliederstroff was an important locality on the Saar.

In 1766, to died of Stanislas Leszczyński last Duke sovereign of Lorraine, the Lorraine and the Barrois is definitively attached to France and Grosbliederstroff becomes French.

In 1790, creation date of the departments, Grosbliederstroff will be attached to the department of the Moselle.

Congress of Vienna

The congress of Vienna in 1815, defines a new border along the Saar: this border divides the village of Bliederstroff into two and gives birth to the two localities independent of Grosbliederstroff and Kleinblitersdorf.

1870-1919

Grosbliederstroff was saved by the war of 1870/71 contrary to the close localities (particularly Spicheren). In 1871, the Alsace-Moselle is attached to Prussia. Prussia will be saved by the First World War. Grosbliederstroff will become again officially French by the Traité of Versailles in 1919.

2nd World war

Grosbliederstroff being located between the German border and the Line Maginot, the inhabitants were evacuated in Charente; the minors were reallocated in the mines of North. Many inhabitants were built-in of force in the German army (one calls them the " In spite of us "). Grosbliederstroff was bombarded in 1944 and was released only on February 18th, 1945 by the American 275th Trailblazers. Grosbliederstroff counted an important Jewish community (approximately 300 people), much of its members were off-set.

Recent history

In 1954, the Collieries of the Lorraine coalfields (LORRAINE AREA) build a thermo plant connected to the mines by a system of air tip trucks. This power stations had with its construction the highest chimneys of Europe. It will be demolished in 1989.

January 1st, 1993, Europe sets up freedom of movement of the people in the space of Schengen. Many Of the Saar will elect residence with Grosbliederstroff then. If one adds to that, the fact that many inhabitants of the commune work in the Saar, Grosbliederstroff consequently formed part of the suburbs of Saarbrucken.

In 1997, Grosbliederstroff is connected to Saarbrucken by tram by the stop close to Kleinblitersdorf.

In 2007, the synaguogue, which was not used any more, is displaced.

Toponymy

Name of a Germanic man “Blithar” or “Plidher” and of Latin villa .

777: Blithario Villa
1220: Bliederstroff
1223: Bliderstorff
1594: Grossblietersdorff
1756: Blidertorf-the-large
1779: Blidestroff-the-large
1871: Großblittersdorf
1918: Grosbliederstroff
1939: Großblittersdorf
1945: Grosbliederstroff

Geography

Located in the valley of the the Saar, Grosbliederstroff occupies a singular position. The village faces its German neighbor, Kleinblittersdorf. Forming one and even village several hundred years before, the two entities is from now on different nationalities.

The prefixes Large (S) - and Klein- (respectively Large and Small French ) directly refer to the size of the village. It was true formerly, but from now on, it is Kleinblittersdorf which counts the most inhabitants ( Stadtverband of Saarbrucken).

Communes bordering

in the direction of the needles of a watch

Climate

Transport

Drunk: bus towards Sarreguemines and Forbach
Tram: tram for Saarbrucken since the stop Kleinblittersdorf
Road: expressway rejoigant the A4; German highway network (A6, A8, A1) with 4km (Saarbrucken)
Train: Line TGV Paris-Frankfurt at the stations of Saarbrucken and Forbach
Airports: Airport of Saarbrucken (10 min). Other airports in the vicinity: Airport of Luxembourg-Findel (1h), Airport of Frankfurt-Hahn (1h30), Airport of Frankfurt (1h40)

Education

Nursery school Blanche Snows
Elementary school Erckman-Chatrian
Elementary school Victor Hugo
Collège the Valley-of-Saar

Administration

Since 2004, Grosbliederstroff joined the Communauté of agglomeration Sarreguemines Confluences (in the past District of Sarreguemines).

Taxation

Expressed as a percentage of the cadastral Rental value.

Demography

Source: Cassine Ehess

Today, approximately 20% of the population of Grosbliederstroff are of German nationality (mainly because of proximity of Saarbrucken).

Places and monuments

Church Saint-Innocent: parish church built to the XVII and XVIIIe century. It contains three classified furnace bridges historic buildings
Chapelle
Ossuaire
Vierge of Brandenbusch (on the heights of the village)
War memorials the
Roman Voie
Pont of the friendship
international Pont
Place of the Euro

Personalities related to the commune

Fulrad, abbot of Saint-Denis

Twinnings

See too

Charbonnages de France: Grosbliederstroff counted a Thermo plant of 1954 to 1989 which had the largest chimneys of Europe. This production unit of electricity belonged to the group of the LORRAINE AREA - Collieries of the Lorraine coalfields. Coal was brought by an air system of tip trucks directly of Morsbach located at ten kilometers beyond.

In summer, the emergence of a mud bank in the course of the Saar made discuss its territorial membership; Germans facetious and inspired by the carnival of Sarreguemines proclaimed it in 1982 the free State, smallest of the World (30 m2), and baptized Carnevalis , equipping it even with a postage stamp, a university and an Internet site (); the president-chancellor domiciled in Kleinblittersdorf.

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