Getúlio Vargas

Getúlio Dornelles Vargas , born the April 19th 1882 in São Borja and dead the August 24th 1954 with Rio de Janeiro, was president of the Republic of the United States of the Brésil of the November 3rd 1930 with the October 29th 1945, then January 31st 1951 until its suicide the August 24th 1954.

Presentation

Vargas was born with São Borja, in the State of the Rio Grande C Sul, the April 19th, 1882, wire of Handbook C Nascimento Vargas and Cândida Dornelles Vargas. It is downward gaúcho S , it engages initially in a military career, for then turning to the right. As a republican, he is elected within the framework of the State of the Rio Grande C Sul before being elected with the room of the representatives, becoming the leader of his State to the Congress. He was briefly Minister for Finance under the presidency of Washington Luís but he resigned to become governor of his State. Elected official governor of the State of the Rio Grande C Sul, it set up a strong movement of opposition against the central government, insistent on the end of electoral corruption thanks to the adoption of the vote for all and the secret vote.

Vargas and the revolution of 1930

In the inter-war period, the Brésil was industrialized quickly, it is described like the “giant who sleeps” of the American continent and a potential world power. However, the oligarchical and decentralized confederation of the old Republic, dominated by the Landowners, indeed, showed only little interest in policies of Industrialization, of Urbanisation, which corresponded to the interests of the emergent classes.

The dissatisfaction with the Middle-class, divided by the soldiers, was accentuated at the time of the Grande Depression, and led to the peaceful Coup d'etat of the October 24th, 1930 which évinça the president Washington Luís and its heir supposed Júlio Prestes. Júlio Swift, at this time, was elected like new president of the Republic, but the election was disputed, of the denounced frauds, and before the new president does not take up duty, a process, which is said revolutionary, engages, joined by the regional executives in several States dissatisfied with the political prevalence of the State de São Paulo. This episode was revolving in the Brazilian history, a liberal revolution, middle-class woman who disputes the political preeminence of the oligarchs of the coffee of Sao Paulo. The soldiers, historically active in the Brazilian political life, established Vargas as “a provisional president”. As a populist governor of the State of the Rio Grande C Sul and that last candidate with the presidential election for liberal Alliance, Vargas “had been beaten” by Prestes with the presidential election of the beginning of year.

Vargas was a nationalist, anticommunist, who contributed to the development of capitalism by taking liberal reforms, but it was also a serious threat for the elite of the minor nobility of São Paulo.

Its presidency was sometimes a dictatorship with semi-words, but it has work like a populist : being based on its popularity, it modernizes Brazil, reduced the inequalities by its industrial relations policy, and tries to increase the economic autonomy of the country. Its suicide of 1954 seems to have been a last master stroke in order to awake popular sympathy and to counter the soldiers preparing a coup d'etat.

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