Geronimo

''' Geronimo ''' (June 1829 - February 17th 1909), destined for its birth Go Khla Yeh ( that which bucket ), was an Amerindian apache.

Biography

Born in June 1829 in Arizona in the tribe from the Apaches Bedonkohe with Nodoyohn Canyon, with the Mexico (currently Clifton, New Mexico), it forever be chief, but as a man-doctor, it had a great influence on Apaches Chiricahuas. After the death of Tazha, the oldest son of Cochise, Naiche, the second wire of the old chief must share the control of the tribe with him. His/her Juh brother-in-law was a leader of the tribe of Apaches Nednis.

Géronimo is allowed to the council of war of Apaches Chiricahuas in 1846. In 1858, after the murder of his/her mother, his wife and her three children by the Mexican army close to a village called Kas-ki-yeh by Apaches, it begins raids of reprisals in Mexican territory. He avenges his family the September 30th, day of the saint-Jerome 1859. Cries of the Mexicans calling upon Holy Jerome ( Géronimo! Géronimo! ) for their defense, inspires it and it takes its name then: ''Geronimo'' .

In October 1862, it takes part with the chiefs Cochise and Mangas Coloradas in the Bataille of Apache Pass. In 1871, after nearly ten years of war against the United States, the Apaches Chiricahuas, then directed by Cochise, negotiate an peace agreement go on the councils of Tom Jeffords. They obtain the creation of a reserve on their grounds. In 1876, the Chiricahua reserve however is closed by the American authorities. The majority of the Indians are off-set towards the reserve of San Carlos, arid and desert but Géronimo, Naiche and Juh succeed in fleeing. Géronimo is stopped the following year in New Mexico by the agent John P. Clum and is transferred to San Carlos. Released, he flees of the reserve a few months later. He gains Mexico where he saw plunderings, before regaining San Carlos in 1879.
In September 1881, shortly after the death of Nochedelklinne, a spiritual leader apache killed by the soldiers, Naiche, Géronimo and Juh flees again of their reserve. They launch violent attacks against the white colonists before disappearing in the Mexican mountains. In November 1882, they kill there the 22 Mexican soldiers of the captain Juan Mata Ortiz.

The raids of Apaches overflow on the United States side (in Arizona and New Mexico): in March 1883, 26 American colonists are killed. The general George Crook is charged to protect the white population and undertakes to track Apaches hostile in their Mexican dens. A camp discovered by the scouts apaches of Crook is tackled in May 1883. The leaders apaches then accept the principle of a rendering. In 1884 Geronimo is established again in the reserve of San Carlos. Geronimo, in company of Naiche and several members of the tribe escape several times, living plunderings, before going. The brutal arrest of the Ka-ya-ten-nae warrior pushes it to flee once again the May 17th 1885 with 35 men and 109 women and children. From Mexico, its men launch several fatal raids to Arizona and in New Mexico. It is again found in Mexico by scouts Apaches in March 1886. During a conference with the Crook general, it agrees to regain the reserve with the American soldiers. It is charmed later and escapes in the mountains with Naiche, about fifteen warriors and some women and enfants.
Crook having resigned, it is the general Nelson A. Miles which is charged to continue it with 5000 men and of the thousands of volunteers. 3.000 Mexican soldiers are also mobilized against Apaches in the south of the border. In margin of the continuation of Geronimo, the Miles general makes off-set in Florida alive Chiricahuas in peace in the reserve of San Carlos. During more than 5 months, Geronimo and its partisans succeed in passing between the meshs of the net, using the surprise, the mobility and knowledge of Apaches of the modes of survival under extreme conditions. Exhausted, tired to fight, it ends up going the September 4th 1886 with 16 warriors, 12 women and 6 children. “It is the fourth time that I go” says it.

On special order of the president Grover Cleveland, it is placed under narrow military monitoring to Florida with 14 of its brave men. The wet climate of Florida proves to be unhealthy for Apaches accustomed to that of the desert and several of them die. The survivors are brought back to Fort Sill, to Oklahoma, in 1887. Geronimo converts then with Christianity and becomes farmer. He however regrets until the end of its days to be returned. It sells memories with the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904, takes part in the parade of inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt in 1905

It dictates the history of its life in 1906 before dying of a Pneumonie in Fort Sill in 1909.

The campaigns of Guérilla of Geronimo remain a perfect example of the kind. Its faculties to exploit limited human resources and the difficult grounds make of him a strategist and a tactician of first order.

Quotations

" We are disappearing from the surface of the ground, but I continue to believe that there must be a good reason so that Yoséné created us. It gave life to a whole variety of species of men. Thus, for each species created, It indicated a particular country. When Yoséné created Apaches, It gave them a country which is located at the west. For food, It gave to them of seeds, the fruits and game. In order to look after the various diseases, He taught to them where to find these plants medicinal. Then He taught to them where to find these plants and how to prepare them. He granted a soft climate to them and all which they needed to be dressed and to shelter… That took place with the whole beginning of creation: because Yoséné created simultaneously the people apache and his country. And when comes the day when Apaches will be separated from their ground, they fall sick and die. How long will it run out so that it is said that there is no more Apaches? "

" When the last tree is cut down - When the last river is poisoned - When the last fish is sinned - Then it will be known that the money does not eat pas."

See too

Internal bonds

External bonds

Géronimo, the apache

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