Gedhun Choekyi Nyima

Gendhun Choekyi Nyima , born the April 25th 1989 of Kunchok Phuntsok and Dechen Choedon with Lhari, Nagchu, Tibet, is according to the Gouvernement Tibetan in exile the 11th reincarnation of the Panchen LAMA, indicated by the 14th Dalaï LAMA on May 14th 1995. Three day later it disappeared, removed and retained captive by the government Chinese. It re-examined forever since.

Conflict on the choice of Panchen LAMA

In spite of a declaration of 10th Panchen LAMA quoted in a Chinese official publication affirming that: “According to the history Tibetan, the reincarnations of Dalaï (LAMA) and Panchen LAMA must be mutually recognized. ”, the Popular republic of China, referring to the habits of the Dynastie Qing founded by the Mandchous, supports that Panchen LAMA must be indicated by a drawing lot carried out in a gold ballot box before being recognized by the central government.

Refusing to recognize Gendhun Choekyi Nyima like successor of the 10th Panchen LAMA, the Chinese government set up a drawing lot in a gold ballot box at the monastery of Jokhang at Lhassa and thus indicated the November 29th 1995 its own candidate, Gyancain Norbu, named Erdini Qoigyijabu . Erdini is a Mongolian term which means " invaluable joyau" , title offered in 1713 by the emperor Kangxi to the 5th Panchen LAMA. It is acted in fact of an eulogistic title divided by the many ones spangled Mongolian.

In December 2005, during an interview with the agency Xinhua, Gyancain Norbu, then 16 years old, declared that the people profited from a great religious liberty in China.

Historical background

The Manchu emperors of the Qing dynasty, who venerated Dalaï Lama as spiritual guides, offered to them their support in the spirit of the priest-owner ratio characteristic of the Gouvernement Tibetan. In 1792, in answer at the request of the Tibetans, the Manchu emperor sent an important force to help them to push back the Gorkha invaders. This same year, an event in Mongolia where Tibet had a great spiritual influence brought the introduction of a system of drawing lot to choose the reincarnations tops spangled. Indeed, to died from the Mongolian LAMA Erdini Pandita Khutuktu , a conflict had emerged about the choice of its reincarnation. It is in order to avoid such complications in the future that the drawing lot was introduced.

There is however no historical proof showing that the drawing lot was established to choose the reincarnations of Dalaï Lama and Panchen LAMA. In addition, the Manchus were people distinct from the Hans, the majority Chinese ethnos group, and seized China in foreign power. Thus, in 1911, when the nationalist revolution reversed the empire, Dr. Sun Yat-SEN indicated Qing like the second foreign power having occupied China after the Yuan. This is why the government Tibetan in exile does not agree the claim of the Chinese government to be posed as a successor Manchus, former owners of hiérarques the Gelug.

Succession of 10th Panchen LAMA

The January 28th 1989, in its monastery of Tashilhunpo to Shigatsé, 10th Panchen LAMA, Lobsang Trinley Lhündrub Chökyi Gyaltsen, died of one heart attack at the 50 years age. The Tibetans say that it was poisoned a few days after its historical speech criticizing the Chinese policy and affirming its honesty towards Dalaï Lama. He had in particular declared that the progress brought to Tibet by China could not compensate for the sum of destruction and suffering inflicted to the people Tibetan.

After its disappearance, the Chinese Communist party charged Chadrel Rinpoché, person in charge of the monastery of Tashilhunpo which he believed to be to him favorable, to find the reincarnation of Panchen LAMA. Dalaï Lama proposed with the government of Beijing to dispatch a delegation of high religious dignities “to assist” Chadrel Rinpoché, but the offer was rejected by China, which qualified it the “superfluous one”. Dalaï Lama and the authorities Tibetans started to organize the searchs for their side following the traditions Tibetans. In Tibet, Chadrel Rinpoché retained three children with remarkable qualities, of which small Gendhun Choeky Nyima, wire of nomads Tibetans, and a team sent clandestinely by Dalaï Lama informed some. During the examination, Gendhun recognized without hesitating the goods of the late LAMA. He had declared besides with his parents “I am Panchen LAMA, my monastery is Tashilhunpo. ” The May 14th 1995, this young boy 6 year old was officially recognized by Dalaï Lama as being 11th Panchen LAMA.

Imprisonment

Three days after its official designation, the May 17th 1995, Gendhun Choekyi Nyima and its relative were reported missing, and according to certain sources placed in detention by the Chinese police force for their protection. The same day, Chadrel Rinpoché was arrested and imprisoned to have informed Dalaï Lama.

One year later, Beijing acknowledged to hold Panchen LAMA, which makes the youngest political prisoner of it in the world. The May 28th 1996, its case was examined by the Committee of the Rights of the Child of UNO depend on the Haut-Commissariat on the United Nations to the human rights, and the Chinese authorities admire for the first time “to have taken the child for his safety”. The Committee asked to return visit in Gendhun Choekyi Nyima, but the Chinese authorities never took action pursuant and the file does not have advanced since, in spite of a call launched regularly by nearly 400 personalities and associations claiming this visit. Eleven prizes winner of the Nobel Prize in particular signed this call coordinated by association France-Tibet Ile-de-France. It is about Prs Günter Blobel, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Christian de Duve, Pierre-Gilles of Genoa, Roger Guillemin, Dudley Robert Herschbach, François Jacob, Eric R. Kandel, Jean-Marie Lehn, Norman Foster Ramsey and David Trimble.

A world Alerte AMBER was launched by the monastery Tashilhunpo, seat of exile in India of Panchen LAMA, and a reward is offered to any person providing information making it possible to come into contact with him.

Today, Gendhun Choekyi Nyima and its parents would be always held by the Chinese authorities. According to certain information, they would be under house arrest with Beijing. Although it is for the Tibetans and the practitioners of the Bouddhisme Tibetan one of highest religious dignities, it would carry out according to the Chinese government a normal life and would be provided education for, its secret localization being kept for safety reasons. In April 2006, Reuters reported that the Chinese government denied that it was retained as a political prisoner.

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