Gazette of Leyde

the Gazette of Leyde is a political newspaper of expression French E published in Leyde, with the Netherlands, between 1680 and 1811. This newspaper was essential as being more read and most influential of second half of the 18th century.

The United Provinces are, at the 18th century, a very tolerant country as regards Freedom of the press and of religious liberties. Contrary to the France where reign the Censure, the written press enjoys there very liberal conditions of publication for the time. Many a Huguenot S was exiled in the United Provinces under the reign of Louis XIV, exiled of which the number increases with the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. Several of them publish in several towns of Europe of the newspapers treating of the political news in France and Europe. Read by the French elites, these newspapers are called, in France, the “gazettes foreign”.

In 1680, a French exiled in the Dutch city of Leyde, Jean of Makes, founds a political newspaper intended to the French of the United Provinces but also for the elites of all the Europe. Although its official name is the extraordinary News of various places , the newspaper is made known under the name of Gazette of Leyde . Begun again by Etienne Luzac in 1738, the Gazette of Leyde knows its apogee under the direction of its nephew, Jean Luzac, which makes of it the newspaper impossible to circumvent of second half of the 18th century. Very favorable to the novel ideas and the revolutions American, Batavian and French, the Gazette of Leyde is read by the Lumières, the diplomats and sovereigns of all the courses of Europe. Officially published with 4.200 specimens in the Years 1780, the historians estimate that its readers could actually be 50 to 100.000 people, in particular because of pirate copies.

Favorable to the liberal ideas of the end of the century, Jean Luzac is not less being wary with regard to the popular movements violent one and its newspaper loses of its importance with the French revolutions and Batavian where new freedoms of the press lock up the Gazette of Leyde in a élitiste register. Prohibited first once in April 1798, the newspaper reappears as from October under the name of Nouvelles policies of Leyde until in 1804, date on which it is closed once again. After a stop of publication during fifteen day, the newspaper changes name for that of political Journal and becomes the official body of the government of the king de Hollande Louis Bonaparte with died of Luzac in 1807. Holland being annexed by the France in 1810, the newspaper is closed in 1811 by Napoleon i.

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